Racialized Campaign Ads: The Emotional Content in Implicit Racial Appeals Primes White Racial Attitudes

Racialized Campaign Ads: The Emotional Content in Implicit Racial Appeals Primes White Racial Attitudes Banks Bell

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Racialized Campaign Ads: The Emotional Content in Implicit Racial Appeals Primes White Racial Attitudes 2013 Public Opinion Quarterly 10.1093/poq/nft010 Banks2013-racialized-campaign-ads-the-emotional-conten Banks2013-racialized-campaign-ads-the-emotional-conten.txt, the project's staged copy 71412951ab9630da50be03587fad976d5fdfa796 not-redistributable psychology

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0 spans located by searching the stored text for the quote's exact words, allowing any whitespace between them mechanism Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. racial priming by implicit racial appeals Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. behavioural-experiment behavioural-experiment Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms anger and symbolic racism are stored as tightly linked associations in memory, so arousing anger activates the racial belief system and makes it available for the subsequent policy judgement Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms emotional (mood-congruent) priming: being returned to the emotional state in which an attitude was learned makes that attitude easier to recall Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms because contemporary racial discourse is dominated by blame attribution, and blame is the appraisal that produces anger, anger rather than fear is the emotion bonded to whites' racial predispositions Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sample was a non-representative convenience sample of undergraduates, over-weighted toward liberals. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. It is unknown whether an adult sample would show the same effect. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Generalisation beyond crime to other racialised issue domains is untested. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. the paper takes Bower and Forgas's theory of emotional priming — a psychological account of mood-congruent recall — and uses it as the explanatory engine for a political-communication effect Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. a manipulation check on the campaign advertisements, coded from an open-ended 'how did the advertisement make you feel' by two trained research assistants, double-coded eliminates: that the anger and fear advertisements produced the emotions they were built to produce, rather than undifferentiated negative affect · outcome: partial Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. anger anger Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. fear fear Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. racial priming racial priming Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. racial attitudes racial attitudes Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. racial conservatives racial conservatives Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. racial liberals racial liberals Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. negative emotion, as this paper refuses to use it - the charge is CONFLATION: most research on racial priming treats negative affect as one thing, and the paper's contribution is to show that two negative emotions from the same advertisement do different work. A category being used where a distinction was needed Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. anger, in this account - not a stronger version of negative feeling but a SPECIFIC ROUTE: it is argued to be tightly linked in memory to whites' negative racial attitudes, so it reaches them where another negative emotion may not. The claim is about association, not intensity Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. racial conservative and racial liberal, as defined here by WHERE THEY LOCATE THE CAUSE: conservatives find fault in the moral character of blacks, liberals blame the racism and discrimination endured. The two are separated by an attribution rather than by a policy position, which is what lets one emotion move them in opposite directions Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. builds-on → Bower and Forgas (2001) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. builds-on → Banks and Valentino (2012) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. replicates → Banks and Valentino (2012) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. anger —distinct-from→ fear anger fear differs in: WHICH ONE IS BOUND TO RACIAL ATTITUDES IN MEMORY - the paper's claim is that they are not interchangeable negatives, and that the difference is associative rather than a matter of degree · strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: THE DISTINCTION THE PAPER EXISTS TO DRAW, and it is drawn against its own field: the charge is that research on racial priming conflates the two under 'negative emotion'. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. racial conservatives —contrasted-with→ racial liberals racial conservatives racial liberals differs in: WHERE EACH LOCATES THE CAUSE of black disadvantage - in moral character, or in racism and discrimination endured. An attributional difference, not a policy one · strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: Recorded because the paper's headline result depends on it: the same anger, from the same advertisement, moves these two groups in OPPOSITE directions on the same policies. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. regression regression Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. interaction term in linear regression interaction term in linear regression Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Cronbach's alpha (intercoder/scale reliability) Cronbach's alpha (intercoder/scale reliability) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. bootstrap bootstrap Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. confidence interval confidence interval Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. An implicit racial appeal that arouses anger significantly amplifies the effect of symbolic racism on opposition to racial policies among whites. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. An implicit racial appeal that arouses fear does not boost the effect of symbolic racism on racial policy opinions. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Among whites low in symbolic racism, anger moved policy opinion in the opposite direction, making racial liberals more supportive of racial policies. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The marginal effect of anger on racial policy opinion grows monotonically with symbolic racism while the marginal effect of fear stays flat across the same range. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The emotion manipulation worked: open-ended responses in the anger ad condition showed significantly more intense anger than both the control and the fear conditions. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Overall, the experiment shows anger is the emotional channel through which an implicit racial appeal primes symbolic racism. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. implicit racial appeal implicit racial appeal Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. symbolic racism (SR) symbolic racism (SR) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. racial priming racial priming Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. appraisal theory of emotion appraisal theory of emotion Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. anger anger Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. symbolic racism symbolic racism Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. racial policy opinions racial policy opinions Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. age age Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 113 — total number of experimental subjects in wave 2, of whom 85 were white Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 65 percent — share of the student sample who were liberals (a stated limitation of the convenience sample) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 59 percent — retention/response rate from wave 1 (190 subjects) to wave 2 Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. β = .44; p ≥ .001 — intensity of expressed anger in the anger-ad condition relative to control, in the manipulation check Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. β = .57; p ≥ .001 — intensity of expressed fear in the fear-ad condition relative to control Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution.

The full text of this article is not redistributable, so it is not included here. The evidence sentences are withheld with it; the tag layer and its grounding status remain. The article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1093/poq/nft010.