Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review

Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review Chen Chen Lin

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Artificial Intelligence in Education: A Review 2020 IEEE Access 10.1109/access.2020.2988510 Chen2020-artificial-intelligence-in-education-a-revie Chen2020-artificial-intelligence-in-education-a-revie.txt, the project's staged copy d31db27164fabf6f2b428d263d9d1e7b493d4dcb not-redistributable education

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0 spans located by searching the stored text for the quote's exact words, allowing any whitespace between them existence Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. artificial intelligence in education Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. review review Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms Machine learning infers each learner's capabilities and needs, which lets the system deliver personalised content, and that personalisation is what raises uptake and retention (i.e. improves learning). Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms Automating administrative paperwork frees instructor time, which is then redirected to core instructional work, raising teaching quality. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The review's scope was deliberately restricted to three areas of education taken from a prior framework. what this limits: the three areas the review covers and nothing else: THE SCOPE OF THE STUDY WAS LIMITED TO THE APPLICATION AND EFFECTS OF AI IN ADMINISTRATION, INSTRUCTION, AND LEARNING Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. One cited source is reported as defining the review's central term as two different kinds of thing. what this limits: any use of this review's account of AI: it reports a two-faceted definition in which AI is both a field of study in computer science and a theoretical framework guiding the development of computer systems Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Differences between the collected definitions are described as near similar rather than reconciled. what this limits: any claim that this review works from a single definition of AI: the definitions gathered from other scholars are said to bring to the fore near similar elements or characteristics Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The corpus is bounded by a journal bibliometric threshold. what this limits: any claim about the state of the literature drawn from this review: articles were selected by matching search keywords and by Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. a stated search strategy - key words and search strings run across EBSCOhost, ProQuest and Web of Science rather than one database eliminates: a review whose findings are a property of which database was searched - three sources with a recorded query is what lets someone else get the same set · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. pre-stated inclusion and exclusion criteria applied to 250 articles published after 2009 eliminates: articles chosen after their content was known - the criteria and the date window are fixed before the screening rather than after it · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. artificial intelligence artificial intelligence Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. field of study field of study Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. theoretical framework theoretical framework Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. H-Index H-Index Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. cognitive problems cognitive problems Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AI - A FIELD AND A THEORY AT ONCE, ON ONE SOURCE'S ACCOUNT: reported as a study area in computer science aimed at solving cognitive problems, and also as a theoretical framework guiding the development and use of computer systems; a field of study and a theoretical framework are not the same kind of entity, and the review reports both without choosing Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. the definitions of AI - CALLED NEAR SIMILAR: the review gathers characterisations from several authors and describes them as bringing to the fore near similar elements, which is a judgement that differences do not matter rather than a demonstration that there are none Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. the H-Index - A PROXY FOR REPUTABILITY, WITH THE INFERENCE WRITTEN DOWN: the review states that the higher the H-Index the more reputable the journal and its authors, and then uses a threshold of 20 as an inclusion rule, so the corpus is bounded by a bibliometric number standing in for quality Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. builds-on → Chassignol et al. (2018), 'Artificial intelligence trends in education: A narrative overview' Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. artificial intelligence —is-a→ field of study artificial intelligence field of study strength of the relation: 0.8 Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. artificial intelligence —is-a→ theoretical framework artificial intelligence theoretical framework strength of the relation: 0.8 Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The review concludes that AI has been widely adopted across education institutions in several distinct technological forms. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AI improved the efficiency of administrative tasks that would otherwise take instructors much time. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The main learning benefit identified was customisation and personalisation of curriculum and content to individual learners' needs and abilities. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. One reviewed study highlighted an adverse effect of AI: degraded academic integrity and cheating through AI-enabled paper-mill services. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. artificial intelligence artificial intelligence Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. H-Index H-Index Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. machine learning machine learning Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 70% — share of the AI-and-education papers found in Web of Science and Google Scholar that were published in the 2015-2019 window Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 250 — number of articles initially retrieved that met the keyword and journal H-Index criteria Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. thirty — final number of articles retained for analysis after the second screening round Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. more than forty — number of documents (journal articles, professional publications, reports) selected after the eliminative process Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution.

The full text of this article is not redistributable, so it is not included here. The evidence sentences are withheld with it; the tag layer and its grounding status remain. The article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2988510.