Neuronal connectivity and interactions between the auditory and limbic systems. Effects of noise and tinnitus Kraus Canlon

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 Neuronal connectivity and interactions between the auditory and limbic systems. Effects of noise and tinnitus 2012 Hearing Research 10.1016/j.heares.2012.02.009 Kraus2012-neuronal-connectivity-and-interactions-betwe Kraus2012-neuronal-connectivity-and-interactions-betwe.txt, the project's staged copy ad1c5b95f851e81fef7eb838104c15a82abaeaac not-redistributable neuroscience

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 0 spans located by searching the stored text for the quote's exact words, allowing any whitespace between them Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. review Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Noise activates the amygdala, which drives the HPA axis to release glucocorticoids, which then act on receptors throughout the body including the inner ear Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Noise drives neural hyperactivity in the hippocampus, and this hyperactivity (rather than circulating stress hormone) suppresses neurogenesis over the long term Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Fear conditioning is implemented by long-term potentiation of lateral amygdala pyramidal neurons via NMDA receptors and voltage-gated calcium channels Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Acute stress protects the ear because released glucocorticoids activate glucocorticoid receptors in inner-ear tissue before the traumatic sound arrives Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. An amygdala-to-auditory feedback loop (via nucleus accumbens and thalamic reticular nucleus) gates the tinnitus signal out before it reaches cortex and awareness Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. what this limits: any general statement about noise effects: RESPONSES TO NOISE MAY HUGELY VARY AMONG INDIVIDUALS AND HEAVILY DEPEND ON THE TYPE OF NOISE Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. what this limits: the direction of the amygdala's effect on auditory cortex: HOW AMYGDALA-ACTIVITY AFFECTS AUDITORY CORTEX ACTIVITY OR PLASTICITY DEPENDS ON FURTHER CIRCUMSTANCES, Quotation withheld Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. what this limits: any emotional interpretation of amygdalar activation reported here: the authors state the findings suggest the stimulus pattern itself, and not the resulting emotion, is the crucial feature Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. what this limits: any claim that amygdalar activity facilitates or inhibits auditory cortex: the effect is said to depend on further circumstances, namely which amygdalar neurons are activated and which other brain regions are co-activated Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. what this limits: any claim that memory depends on the hippocampus: the cited case shows memory storage but not memory retrieval to be dependent on hippocampus, since the patient could still remember events from before surgery Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. stimulus pattern Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. amygdalar activation Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. amygdala-activity Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. auditory cortex Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. memory storage Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. differs in: THE SIGN OF THE EFFECT. The review has just reported amygdalar activity FACILITATING auditory cortex, and then: 'On the contrary, rat studies have demonstrated that stimulation of lateral amygdala Quotation withheld via GABA receptors.' Two directions for one connection, and the review does not resolve them - the record already carries that as a sense, marked as signed only once the circumstances are fixed Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. differs in: WHAT THE AMYGDALA IS RESPONDING TO. 'Quotation withheld is the crucial feature for amygdalar activation.' The structure that carries the emotional interpretation of the literature turns out to be driven by an acoustic property, so results reported as emotional responses may be pattern responses under an emotional description Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. differs in: WHICH HALF OF MEMORY THE STRUCTURE IS NEEDED FOR, SPLIT BY ONE PATIENT'S PRESERVED ABILITY: 'In contrast, he remained capable of remembering events from before surgery, showing that Quotation withheld.' A single dissociation does the work of dividing one word into two functions, which is a large claim to rest on what a patient could still do Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. amygdala-activity auditory cortex depends on: which amygdalar neurons are activated, and which other brain regions are co-activated · strength of the relation: 0.6 — the record marks this weak Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. WHOSE RESULT THIS IS: studies in guinea pig showed - THE SUBJECT OF THIS RESULT IS AN INDEFINITE STUDY, NOT THIS PAPER. 'Previous studies reported', 'studies in guinea pig showed', 'recent studies have reported' - somebody else's work under a common noun rather than a name, with a citation in the sentence and no first-person marker. The quote is verbatim and the claim is true; only the attribution is wrong. FOUND BY MEASURING MY OWN CUE'S RECALL: the first sweep required a NAMED author as the subject ('Sperling (1960) demonstrated') and found 17. Reading eleven citation-bearing findings on 'Plakke2016' by hand showed four the cue could not see - 'A study examining recognition found', 'studies of typical human subjects have demonstrated', 'A follow up study found' - so the named cue's 17 was a floor and not a count. A CUE'S FALSE POSITIVES TELL YOU NOTHING ABOUT ITS FALSE NEGATIVES, and the only way to find these was to read a record's whole layer. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. acoustic startle response Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. pre-pulse inhibition Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. hippocampal inhibition or gating Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. neurogenesis Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Pavlovian fear conditioning Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. place cells Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. WHOSE RESULT THIS IS: pal neurogenesis as seen 10 weeks after exposure (Kraus et al., 2010). - THE RESULT IS THE CITED WORK'S AND THE CITATION TRAILS THE SENTENCE. A plain noun phrase is the subject of the result verb and the attribution is a bracket at the end - 'Neurons within the dorsal temporal pole demonstrated match suppression ... ( Ng et al., 2014 )'. Neither of my two cues could see this shape, so THESE WERE READ RATHER THAN SWEPT: 36 candidates of the shape, 20 read, 11 marked, 9 refused. THE REFUSALS ARE WHY IT IS NOT A CUE: 'Aru2012 findings[16]' is the paper's OWN result with a citation supporting the localisation, 'Natan2015 findings[3]' ends 'consistent with previous findings ( Szymanski et al., 2009 )' where the main clause is the paper's, and 'Drieu2019' x3 are 'One cannot entirely rule out...' - a limitation, not an attribution. About 55% precise, which is a list to read and not a sweep to run. NOTE: the cited paper shares this record's first author - a self-citation to earlier work, which is still not THIS paper's result. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. WHOSE RESULT THIS IS: fter 122 dB noise exposure in guinea pigs (Hildesheimer et al., 2002). - THE RESULT IS THE CITED WORK'S AND THE CITATION TRAILS THE SENTENCE. A plain noun phrase is the subject of the result verb and the attribution is a bracket at the end - 'Neurons within the dorsal temporal pole demonstrated match suppression ... ( Ng et al., 2014 )'. Neither of my two cues could see this shape, so THESE WERE READ RATHER THAN SWEPT: 36 candidates of the shape, 20 read, 11 marked, 9 refused. THE REFUSALS ARE WHY IT IS NOT A CUE: 'Aru2012 findings[16]' is the paper's OWN result with a citation supporting the localisation, 'Natan2015 findings[3]' ends 'consistent with previous findings ( Szymanski et al., 2009 )' where the main clause is the paper's, and 'Drieu2019' x3 are 'One cannot entirely rule out...' - a limitation, not an attribution. About 55% precise, which is a list to read and not a sweep to run. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution.

The full text of this article is not redistributable, so it is not included here. The evidence sentences are withheld with it; the tag layer and its grounding status remain. The article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heares.2012.02.009.