Putting Fear in Its Place: Remapping of Hippocampal Place Cells during Fear Conditioning

Moita, Rosis, Zhou, LeDoux, Blair · Journal of Neuroscience · 2004 · neuroscience · 10.1523/jneurosci.5492-03.2004 · record Moita2004-putting-fear-in-its-place-remapping-of-hippo
tag layer · index · concepts · authors · עברית

Where this record's text came from. faceted 2026-08 by reading the locally held text (html); every evidence string verified as an exact substring of that text before merging. Claim type is existence rather than mechanism: the paper demonstrates that an aversive manipulation induces remapping and localises the cause to learned fear ('Furthermore, contextual fear conditioning caused significantly more remapping of place cells than auditory fear conditioning, suggesting that place cell remapping was related to the rat's learned fear of the environment.'), but it does not identify the physiological mechanism producing remapping; the functional account in the Discussion is offered as speculation ('It is tempting to speculate...'). The replicates relation covers the behavioural (freezing) result rather than the place-cell result. 2026-08-13 and 2026-08-15 schema-0.3 passes: every quote verified as an exact substring of the staged text and anchored at merge time; concept terms verified present; every edge endpoint an existing node.

How to read this page. The article itself is not reproduced here — this paper is not cleared for redistribution, so what follows is the tag layer alone. The evidence sentences are withheld with the article. The table at the foot lists every tag the record carries; each row names the facet it belongs to, and the whose words column says whether the tag records the paper's own wording or the tagger's sentence about the paper. Every tag links to each other paper in the corpus carrying it. The machine-readable edition of the same thing is the TEI file beside this one, where the tags live in standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.

Tags on this paper

Every tag the record carries, each linking to every other paper in the corpus that carries it. A tag appears here whether or not its words occur in the article — the spans below are only the ones a sentence in this paper licenses. Of the 22 concept tags on this paper, none is grounded in a quoted sentence. All carry the tagger's gloss of what the term means in this paper, which is not something the article can license.

place cells remap partial remapping place field place maps correlation index peak shift spatial information spatial uniformity index fear conditioning contextual fear conditioning freezing conditioned stimulus unconditioned stimulus training box control box within-session stability-plasticity problem motivational valence movement of the recording electrode CA1 complex spike cells A change in the motivational valence of the environment triggers re-representation: the hippocampus rewrites its map so that the previously learned appetitive associations no longer attach to it, letting new aversive associations form on a fresh representation Recoding the environment reduces competition between appetitive and aversive motivational drives that would arise if one representation carried both valences Remapping is driven by predictive relevance rather than sensory input: cells remap when the environment itself is the best predictor of the reinforcer, because more remapped cells are then needed to carry the new contextual association remapping episode of freezing correlation indices freezing behavior number of position samples ANOVA two-way ANOVA post hoc test Post hoc Newman-Keuls t tests paired t-test unpaired t-test correlation Pearson product-moment correlation ( r ) z-score standardization we computed a Z -score for each cell from both groups paired t test unpaired t Newman-Keuls Pearson product-moment correlation Z -score electrophysiology

Legend

second reading	`alternatives`	an independent re-reading of a facet, recorded whether or not it agrees
relation to other work	`claim_relations`	how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies
claim type	`claim_type`	the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null
concept edge	`concept_edges`	an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it
content tag	`content_tags`	a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper
contribution	`contribution`	what the paper claims to add
control	`controls`	an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation
limitation	`limitations`	what the paper says its evidence cannot support
mechanism	`mechanisms`	how the reported effect is said to come about
method	`method`	how the paper produced its evidence
object of study	`object_of_study`	what the paper is about — the thing it investigates
phenomenon	`phenomenon`	the effect or regularity under study
research question	`research_question`	the question the paper sets itself
sense	`senses`	a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it
transfer	`transfers`	a method or concept carried in from another field

The paper

The full text is not reproduced here. This article is not cleared for redistribution, so the page carries the tag layer only. Its evidence sentences are withheld; the grounding status remains with each tag, and the article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1523/jneurosci.5492-03.2004. The reading view exists for the papers whose licence permits it.

Every tag on this page

alternatives 3 · claim_relations 8 · claim_type 1 · concept_edges 11 · content_tags 65 · contribution 1 · controls 2 · limitations 9 · mechanisms 7 · method 1 · object_of_study 1 · phenomenon 1 · research_question 1 · senses 5 · transfers 3

Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; 1 of 11 relations here carries that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.

facet	tag	field	conf.	whose words
object_of_study	whether learning to fear a place changes the hippocampal map of that place, with the place itself unchanged Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`object_of_study`		the paper's words
research_question	whether aversive conditioning induces place cell remapping, and whether the amount of remapping tracks what the animal learned rather than what it was shown Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`research_question`		the paper's words
contribution	shows fear conditioning remaps place cells in the training environment but not a control environment, and remaps more when the context rather than a tone predicts shock Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`contribution`		the paper's words
claim_type	existence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_type`		the paper's words
phenomenon	hippocampal place cell remapping during fear conditioning Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`phenomenon`		the paper's words
method	electrophysiology Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: electrophysiology	`method`		the paper's words
mechanisms	mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: A change in the motivational valence of the environment triggers re-representation: the hippocampus rewrites its map so that the previously learned appetitive associations no longer attach to it, letting new aversive associations form on a fresh representation	`mechanisms[0]`		the tagger's words
mechanisms	mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Recoding the environment reduces competition between appetitive and aversive motivational drives that would arise if one representation carried both valences	`mechanisms[1]`		the tagger's words
mechanisms	mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Remapping is driven by predictive relevance rather than sensory input: cells remap when the environment itself is the best predictor of the reinforcer, because more remapped cells are then needed to carry the new contextual association	`mechanisms[2]`		the tagger's words
mechanisms	an environment that predicted food now predicts shock, and re-representing it lets aversive associations form without competing with the appetitive ones Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`mechanisms[3]`	0.7	the tagger's words
mechanisms	remapping poses a stability-plasticity problem: the cells must decide when an environment has changed enough to deserve a new representation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`mechanisms[4]`	0.9	the tagger's words
mechanisms	partial remapping may be the compromise - some cells carry the new associations while others preserve what was already learned Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`mechanisms[5]`	0.6	the tagger's words
mechanisms	what drives remapping is what the animal learned, not the sensory events it received: both groups got the same tone, shock and box Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`mechanisms[6]`	1.0	the tagger's words
limitations	The study could not determine whether the conditioning-induced remapping is long-lasting or only temporary, because the same cells could not be followed across days. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the persistence of the remapping: BECAUSE OF THE DIFFICULTIES ASSOCIATED WITH RECORDING THE SAME PLACE CELLS OVER MULTIPLE DAYS, WE WERE UNABLE TO ADDRESS THIS QUESTION	`limitations[0]`		the tagger's words
limitations	Behavioural confounds can only be partially ruled out; the authors control for several but concede the list cannot be exhaustive. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: every behavioural-confound exclusion in the paper: IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO CONTROL FOR EVERY POSSIBLE BEHAVIORAL INFLUENCE ON PLACE CELL ACTIVITY - the control set is partial by admission	`limitations[1]`		the tagger's words
limitations	The within-session stability control excluded cells that gained or lost a field, so it does not cover the full remapping population. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the within-session stability control specifically: it excluded cells that gained or lost a field, so it does not cover the full population it is used to reassure about	`limitations[2]`		the tagger's words
limitations	the authors state outright that not every behavioural influence can be controlled, and present the controls as several rather than all Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the same scope as limitations[1] - not every behavioural influence can be controlled, and the controls are presented as several rather than exhaustive	`limitations[3]`	1.0	the tagger's words
limitations	whether the remapping lasts is unknown, and the one comparable study found the effect temporary Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the durability of the remapping: the one comparable effect WAS TEMPORARY, AND PLACE CELLS EVENTUALLY RESUMED THEIR ORIGINAL FIRING FIELDS, so whether this one lasts is unknown	`limitations[4]`	1.0	the tagger's words
limitations	the paper's own central speculation - that remapping cells are the ones that acquire the association - is declared hard to test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the paper's central speculation, labelled as one: IT IS TEMPTING TO SPECULATE THAT PLACE CELLS THAT REMAP THEIR FIRING LOCATION IN RESPONSE TO A NOVEL REINFORCER ... ARE MORE LIKELY TO BECOME ASSOCIATED WITH THAT REINFORCER	`limitations[5]`	1.0	the tagger's words
limitations	at the moment the effect is strongest the measurement is impossible: freezing destroys the spatial sampling a place map needs Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the period immediately after conditioning, when the effect should be largest and cannot be measured: BECAUSE RATS WERE FREEZING ABOUT ONE-THIRD OF THE TIME ... IT WAS NOT POSSIBLE TO ANALYZE PLACE CELL ACTIVITY BECAUSE OF POOR SAMPLING OF THE ENVIRONMENT	`limitations[6]`	1.0	the tagger's words
limitations	53 of 154 recorded cells met inclusion criteria, and four of sixteen rats contributed none Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the sample behind every remapping figure: 154 hippocampal cells were recorded and OF THESE, 53 COMPLEX SPIKE CELLS met criteria	`limitations[7]`	1.0	the tagger's words
limitations	the authors state that the controls are several, not exhaustive - 'It is not possible to control for every possible behavioral influence' Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the same scope as limitations[1] - IT IS NOT POSSIBLE TO CONTROL FOR EVERY POSSIBLE BEHAVIORAL INFLUENCE ON PLACE CELL ACTIVITY	`limitations[8]`	1.0	the tagger's words
transfers	the paired versus unpaired contingency design, which holds the stimuli constant and varies only what they predict Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`transfers[0]`	1.0	the tagger's words
transfers	the stability-plasticity dilemma, imported as the problem the hippocampus must be solving Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`transfers[1]`	0.9	the tagger's words
transfers	pixelwise correlation between two rate maps as the measure of whether a representation changed Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`transfers[2]`	0.9	the tagger's words
controls	place maps built ONLY from periods when the rat was moving Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: freezing as a direct influence on the place maps - the fear-conditioned group froze far more (92 s against 57 s), and a stationary animal contributes no position samples, so freezing would otherwise shape the map itself · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held	`controls[0]`	0.95	the tagger's words
controls	the post-conditioning session EXTENDED to 12 minutes for the context group against 10 for the cued group Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the number of position samples as the difference between groups - more freezing means fewer samples in a fixed session, and a sparser map remaps more readily for purely statistical reasons · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held	`controls[1]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	remapping here = a change of firing location across sessions in an UNCHANGED environment, not the classic sense of a change between two different environments Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[0]`	1.0	the tagger's words
senses	partial remapping = some cells remap and others do not IN THE SAME ANIMAL, so an average over cells describes no cell Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[1]`	1.0	the tagger's words
senses	place cell here is a filtered category: 53 of 154 recorded cells that passed three criteria are renamed place cells for the rest of the paper Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[2]`	1.0	the tagger's words
senses	stable is defined numerically as r > 0.33 between pre and post maps, and is an INCLUSION criterion, not a result Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[3]`	1.0	the tagger's words
senses	freezing is operationalised as zero tracked movement for at least a third of a second, machine-scored, validated against human observers Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[4]`	1.0	the tagger's words
alternatives	claim_type: existence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading reaching the same value. Recorded: existence — note: a second reading reaching the same value from a different sentence. Not applied - a person decides.	`alternatives.claim_type`		the tagger's words
alternatives	method: chronic tetrode recording of CA1 place cells in two boxes, before and after paired or unpaired tone-shock conditioning, with pixelwise map correlation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: electrophysiology — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides.	`alternatives.method`		the tagger's words
alternatives	phenomenon: place cell remapping - a change of preferred firing location within an unchanged environment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: hippocampal place cell remapping during fear conditioning — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides.	`alternatives.phenomenon`		the tagger's words
claim_relations	extends → Moita et al. (2003) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[0]`		the tagger's words
claim_relations	replicates → Rescorla (1968); Phillips and LeDoux (1994) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[1]`		the tagger's words
claim_relations	builds-on → Sharp (1999); Eichenbaum (2000) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[2]`		the tagger's words
claim_relations	extends → the literature showing place fields are stable across repeated visits to one environment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[3]`	1.0	the tagger's words
claim_relations	extends → prior reports of remapping when reinforcement location changes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[4]`	0.9	the tagger's words
claim_relations	qualifies → the view that the hippocampal code represents the geometry of space Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[5]`	1.0	the tagger's words
claim_relations	builds-on → Moita et al. 2003, from the same recordings in the same rats Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[6]`	1.0	the tagger's words
claim_relations	supports → accounts in which the hippocampus encodes behavioural and temporal context within one environment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[7]`	0.9	the tagger's words
concept_edges	remap —operationalised-as→ correlation index Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: CRITERION: low r means the cell remapped, high r means the map held - the whole finding rests on this one number also in: remap · correlation index	`concept_edges[0]`	1.0	the tagger's words
concept_edges	remap —operationalised-as→ peak shift Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: a second, independent operationalisation of the same construct, reported alongside the first also in: remap · peak shift	`concept_edges[1]`	1.0	the tagger's words
concept_edges	place field —operationalised-as→ spatial information Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: one of three joint criteria: peak rate above 1.5 Hz, information above 0.2 bits/spike, at least 50 spikes also in: place field · spatial information	`concept_edges[2]`	1.0	the tagger's words
concept_edges	freezing —operationalised-as→ fear conditioning Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: direction is measure-to-construct: freezing is the read-out of the learning, machine-scored Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but freezing is the measured fear response; operationalised-as 'fear conditioning' names the procedure, not the construct. also in: freezing · fear conditioning	`concept_edges[3]`	0.9	the tagger's words
concept_edges	partial remapping —is-a→ remap Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: a heterogeneous case of it: the population does not act as one, so a mean over cells describes no cell also in: partial remapping · remap	`concept_edges[4]`	1.0	the tagger's words
concept_edges	control box —contrasted-with→ training box Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: the same cells in both, so the control environment is a within-cell baseline rather than a separate group also in: control box · training box	`concept_edges[6]`	1.0	the tagger's words
concept_edges	contextual fear conditioning —is-a→ fear conditioning Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the span describes fear conditioning with cued and context groups; 'contextual fear conditioning' is not named, so is-a is loose. also in: contextual fear conditioning · fear conditioning	`concept_edges[7]`	1.0	the tagger's words
concept_edges	EVIDENCE CORRECTED (RE-GROUNDED) · fear conditioning —causes→ remap Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. EVIDENCE CORRECTED: RE-GROUNDED. The old span is the STATISTICS of the effect, not the statement of it - '…s training = 13.95 +/- 1.78…' against the control box, with its t test - which names one endpoint and carries NO EFFECT CUE, so a 'causes' edge on it would fail the gate's causes test today. The replacement is the authors' own sentence for the same result: 'FEAR CONDITIONING CAUSED many…' place cells to remap in the training environment while most stayed stable in the control one. Both endpoints named, the verb is 'caused', and the control comparison is inside the span. THE NUMBERS ARE NOT LOST - they remain on the record as content tags and in the retracted span itself, which is why retraction-in-place matters. — status: the paper's own words: suggesting that · strength of the relation: 1 Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the span writes 'conditioning' and 'remapped', not 'fear conditioning'. also in: fear conditioning · remap	`concept_edges[8]`	1.0	the tagger's words
concept_edges	place cells —is-a→ complex spike cells Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 0.9 also in: place cells · complex spike cells	`concept_edges[11]`	0.9	the tagger's words
concept_edges	spatial uniformity index —part-of→ place maps Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 0.6 — the record marks this weak · note: a control measure on the sampling behind the map, not on the map itself Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the spatial uniformity index is COMPUTED OVER pixel bins of the place maps; part-of is loose. also in: spatial uniformity index · place maps	`concept_edges[12]`	0.7	the tagger's words
concept_edges	fear conditioning —causes→ remap Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 1 · the relation stated: Fear conditioning caused many place cells to alter (or remap) their preferred firing locations also in: fear conditioning · remap	`concept_edges[13]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ANOVA	`content_tags.statistics[0]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	post hoc test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: post hoc test	`content_tags.statistics[1]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	paired t-test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: paired t-test	`content_tags.statistics[2]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	unpaired t-test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: unpaired t-test	`content_tags.statistics[3]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	correlation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: correlation	`content_tags.statistics[4]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	z-score standardization Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: z-score standardization	`content_tags.statistics[5]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	paired t test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: paired t test	`content_tags.statistics[6]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	unpaired t Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: unpaired t	`content_tags.statistics[7]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	two-way ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: two-way ANOVA	`content_tags.statistics[8]`	0.8	the tagger's words
content_tags	Newman-Keuls Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Newman-Keuls	`content_tags.statistics[9]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	Pearson product-moment correlation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Pearson product-moment correlation	`content_tags.statistics[10]`	0.9	the tagger's words
content_tags	Z -score Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Z -score	`content_tags.statistics[11]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	Fear conditioning made many CA1 place cells alter (remap) their preferred firing locations in the training box, while most cells stayed stable in the control box. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[0]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Pixel-by-pixel correlations between pre- and post-conditioning maps were higher in the control box (0.59) than in the training box (0.39), confirming that remapping was specific to the conditioned environment. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[1]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	The peak of the place field moved about 14 cm in the training box versus about 9 cm in the control box after conditioning. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[2]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Remapping of the training box was more pronounced in rats trained with the context as the shock predictor (Z = -1.36) than with the tone (Z = -0.34). Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[3]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Conditioning changed only where cells fired, not how they fired: peak in-field rate, mean rate, spatial information content and field size were all unchanged in the training box. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[4]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Within-session map stability in the training box was the same before (r = 0.57) and after (r = 0.56) conditioning. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[5]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Remapping was partial rather than global: within the same rat some cells kept their original firing fields while others moved theirs. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[6]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	After conditioning, cued rats froze more to the tone while context rats froze more to the training context. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[7]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Theta-band power of the multiunit signal during place-cell spiking was not significantly changed by conditioning. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[8]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	place fields shifted further in the training box than in the control box Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[9]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	map correlation was lower in the training box than the control box, 0.39 against 0.59 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[10]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	context-conditioned rats remapped the training box more than cue-conditioned rats Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[11]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	firing rate, spatial information and field size were unchanged - only the location of firing moved Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[12]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	cells did not simply become unstable: within-session correlation was unchanged by conditioning Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[13]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	remapping is partial - within one animal some cells moved and others did not Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[14]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	cued rats froze more to the tone and context rats more to the box, confirming what each group had learned Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[15]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	no group difference in preferred circling direction after conditioning - one rat in the cued group and none in the context group switched Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[16]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	CONTROL NULL: freezing cannot have entered the place maps, because they include only periods when the rats were moving Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[17]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	CONTROL NULL: the two groups did not differ in where they spent time in the training box before versus after conditioning Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[18]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	CONTROL NULL: the two groups did not differ in how uniformly they foraged over the box while moving Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[19]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	CONTROL NULL: theta power during place cell spiking was not significantly changed by conditioning Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[20]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	place cells Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: place cells	`content_tags.definitions[0]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	remapping Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: remapping	`content_tags.definitions[1]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	partial remapping Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: partial remapping	`content_tags.definitions[2]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	episode of freezing Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: episode of freezing	`content_tags.definitions[3]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	place cells Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: place cells	`content_tags.definitions[5]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	remap Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: remap	`content_tags.definitions[6]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	partial remapping Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: partial remapping	`content_tags.definitions[7]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	freezing Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: freezing	`content_tags.definitions[8]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	place field Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: place field	`content_tags.definitions[9]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	spatial uniformity index Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: spatial uniformity index	`content_tags.definitions[10]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	stability-plasticity problem Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: stability-plasticity problem	`content_tags.definitions[11]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	correlation indices Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: correlation indices	`content_tags.variables[1]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	freezing behavior Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: freezing behavior	`content_tags.variables[2]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	number of position samples Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: number of position samples	`content_tags.variables[4]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	correlation index Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: correlation index	`content_tags.variables[5]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	peak shift Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: peak shift	`content_tags.variables[6]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	training box Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: training box	`content_tags.variables[7]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	freezing Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: freezing	`content_tags.variables[8]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	154 — total hippocampal theta and complex spike cells recorded across the 16 rats Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[0]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	53 — cells that met the inclusion criteria and were analysed as place cells, split 27 cued / 26 context Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[1]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	r C = 0.59 ± 0.04 and r T = 0.39 ± 0.05 — mean pre-to-post map correlation in the control box versus the training box Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[2]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	13.95 ± 1.78 / 8.76 ± 0.95 — mean shift in centimetres of the place-field peak in the training box versus the control box Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[3]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Z context = -1.36 ± 0.33 and Z cued = -0.34 ± 0.25 — normalized training-box correlation score for the context group versus the cued group (more negative = more remapping) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[4]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	>90% — agreement between the automated freezing measure and experienced human scorers Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[5]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	0.39 vs 0.59 — map correlation in the training box against the control box Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[6]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	13.95 vs 8.76 cm — peak field shift in the training box against the control box Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[7]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	r > 0.33 — the numerical definition of a stable field, used as an inclusion criterion against electrode drift Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[8]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	53 of 154 — recorded cells that met the inclusion criteria and are called place cells thereafter Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[9]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	18 cm/sec — speed floor for including position samples, so that freezing cannot enter the map Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[10]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	1.5 Hz, 0.2 bits/spike, 50 spikes — the three joint criteria for counting a place field in a session Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[11]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	more than 90% — agreement between machine-scored freezing and experienced human observers Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[12]`	1.0	the tagger's words
content_tags	12 min vs 10 min — session length extended for the context group so sample counts matched despite more freezing Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[13]`	1.0	the tagger's words

Interpretive choices

Tags that could not be placed in the text:

none — every tag was located in the text

What was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.