standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| second reading | alternatives | an independent re-reading of a facet, recorded whether or not it agrees |
| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| concept edge | concept_edges | an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| contribution | contribution | what the paper claims to add |
| control | controls | an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| object of study | object_of_study | what the paper is about — the thing it investigates |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| research question | research_question | the question the paper sets itself |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
| transfer | transfers | a method or concept carried in from another field |
Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 2 relations here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| object_of_study | whether multiple behaviors rely on distinct categories of neurons specialized to represent particular variables, or on a single population that is leveraged in different ways Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | object_of_study | the paper's words | |
| research_question | whether neural populations are category-free - whether response features are distributed randomly across neurons rather than clustering into types Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | research_question | the paper's words | |
| contribution | task parameters and temporal response features were distributed randomly across neurons, without evidence of categories, and the network explored different dimensions during decision and movement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | contribution | the paper's words | |
| claim_type | existence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | population coding in posterior parietal cortex during multisensory decision-making Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | electrophysiology Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: electrophysiology | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[0] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[1] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[2] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[3] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | when parameters are distributed randomly across neurons, an arbitrary group of them can be linearly combined to estimate the parameter needed at a given moment, which obviates the need for precisely pre-patterned connections and means all information is transmitted Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | the average angle between the choice decoder and the modality decoder was 86.5 degrees, ONLY SLIGHTLY LESS THAN A PERFECTLY ORTHOGONAL 90 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | and the neurons retained their choice preference whether the stimulus was auditory, visual or multisensory, which the paper calls tolerance Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | Categories defined by cell type or connectivity rather than response features were not tested Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the category-free claim, which is relative to the features tested: NEURAL CATEGORIES DEFINED BY OTHER PROPERTIES, SUCH AS CELL TYPE OR CONNECTIVITY, MIGHT REVEAL SPECIALIZATION | limitations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | No clustering test can cover every conceivable way the data might cluster Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the strength of the clustering null: IT IS PROBABLY NOT POSSIBLE TO DETECT ALL CONCEIVABLE WAYS IN WHICH THE DATA MIGHT CLUSTER, though the test is described as reasonably general | limitations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The choice/modality test leaves categories defined by other features unexamined Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the same scope as limitations[0]: THIS LEAVES OPEN THE POSSIBILITY THAT THERE ARE CATEGORIES DEFINED BY OTHER FEATURES OF THE DATA | limitations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Decoding was from a small sample of neurons in a noise-limited task Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the decoding accuracy: DECODING WAS PERFORMED ON A SAMPLE OF TENS OF NEURONS OUT OF MANY THOUSANDS, ON A TASK WHERE THE ANIMAL'S PERFORMANCE IS LIKELY NOISE LIMITED | limitations[3] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Residual visual performance means the inactivation may have been incomplete or other structures may contribute Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the inactivation result: ANIMALS RETAINED SOME ABILITY TO MAKE VISUAL JUDGMENTS DESPITE THE INACTIVATION, SUGGESTING EITHER THAT INACTIVATION WAS INCOMPLETE, OR THAT STRUCTURES IN ADDITION TO PPC SUPPORT THE TASK | limitations[4] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | neural categories defined by other properties, such as cell type or connectivity, might reveal specialization Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: categories defined by selectivity to task parameters or by time dependent response features, which is what this test covers | limitations[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | PAIRS is not only a test for clustering but more generally for non-uniformity of the distribution of tuning, and it is probably not possible to detect all conceivable ways in which the data might cluster Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the category-free conclusion, whose test is broader than its name: PAIRS IS NOT ONLY A TEST FOR CLUSTERING, BUT ALSO MORE GENERALLY FOR NON-UNIFORMITY OF THE DISTRIBUTION OF TUNING ACROSS NEURONS | limitations[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | animals retained some ability to make visual judgments despite the inactivation, suggesting either that inactivation was incomplete, or that structures in addition to PPC support the task Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the same scope as limitations[4], with the effect size: SHALLOWER PSYCHOMETRIC FUNCTIONS ON INACTIVATION DAYS (sigma_saline = 2.64 +/- 0.39; sigma_muscimol = 4.67 +/- 0.67) | limitations[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | relatively close neuron pairs were occasionally observed and differed from chance in 1 of 5 cases, so a small fraction of neurons do have pairs in feature space Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the no-clustering claim, per animal: PAIRS INDEX FOR RATS 1-5: -0.011, 0.108, -0.038, 0.011, -0.007; p-values 0.621, 0.001, 0.209, 0.491, 0.857 - one of five deviates | limitations[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | auditory responses in PPC, though apparently not necessary for this task, may be invoked by other decision tasks Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the negative inactivation result for audition: AUDITORY RESPONSES IN PPC, THOUGH APPARENTLY NOT NECESSARY FOR THIS TASK, MAY BE INVOKED BY OTHER DECISION TASKS | limitations[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | a linear Support Vector Machine, explicitly labelled a standard machine-learning technique, is imported as the decoder for single-trial neural population activity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[0] | the tagger's words | |
| transfers | tolerance, and the reading that a linear decoder working under many conditions shows a representation has been untangled Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | a linear support vector machine used as the decoder, and bootstrap aggregation to combine a thousand trained classifiers Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[2] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | the prediction that random mixtures let arbitrary groups of neurons be linearly combined, imported as the hypothesis to be tested rather than assumed Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | nearest-neighbor angles compared against randomly oriented vectors, turned into a clustering test for neural response profiles Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | synthetic categories introduced into the population, with noise derived from the real neural data Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the lack of categories being a failure of the analysis to see structure - with faux neurons carrying exactly the same amount of noise as their originals, a strikingly different PAIRS distribution was evident · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the distribution of decoder weights compared with random weightings Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the decode resting on rare neurons with pure selectivity - the weights were nonzero for all neurons and did not differ from what would be expected by chance · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | auditory decisions measured alongside the impaired visual ones Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: reduced motivation or confusion about the stimulus-response contingency, since the sparing of auditory decisions rules both out · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | a second inactivation method that permits visualization of the agent to determine its spread Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the impairment coming from spread into neighboring visual areas - and the rat with more expression posterior to PPC had WEAKER visual impairment · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the Variance Alignment analysis repeated on visual against multisensory trials within the decision epoch Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: noise making two aligned state spaces look misaligned - this positive control gave strong alignment, which is the reassurance that the decision-movement misalignment is real · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | modulation during the stimulus compared against modulation during movement, neuron by neuron Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the misalignment being two separate groups of active neurons - the two were strongly correlated, so it is a population-level phenomenon · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the excess rate analysis over sliding windows of the stimulus Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: snap judgments or evidence leak as the explanation for the impairment - the analysis indicates inactivation reduced the signal-to-noise of incoming evidence instead · outcome: held | controls[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE TARGET IS THE CATEGORY ASSUMPTION ITSELF: individual neurons are OFTEN SEEN AS MEMBERS OF HIGHLY SPECIALIZED CATEGORIES, and THE ASSUMPTION OF NEURAL CATEGORIES IS REFLECTED IN MANY EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS AND ANALYSIS METHODS, even far downstream of early sensory areas Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | AND THE DEVICES THAT CARRY IT ARE NAMED. In sampling: neurons MUST MEET CERTAIN RESPONSE CRITERIA TO BE INCLUDED FOR STUDY, and IMPLICIT IN THIS APPROACH IS THE IDEA THAT THE CELL'S RESPONSE DURING ONE STIMULUS IDENTIFIES IT AS A MEMBER OF THE CATEGORY BEING EXAMINED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | in analysis: PIE CHARTS, A COMMON WAY OF SUMMARIZING POPULATION DATA, EXPLICITLY ASSIGN NEURONS TO CATEGORIES - and AVERAGING OVER MANY NEURONS LIKEWISE REFLECTS THE ASSUMPTION THAT EACH NEURON IS AN EXEMPLAR OF A CATEGORY, DIFFERENT FROM OTHER CATEGORY MEMBERS MAINLY BECAUSE OF NOISE Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | with the alternative stated as a hypothesis about DISTRIBUTION rather than about types: neurons REFLECT RANDOM COMBINATIONS OF PARAMETERS, leading to populations in which NEURONS' RESPONSES DEFY CATEGORIZATION - and the advantage is that an ARBITRARY GROUP OF THEM CAN BE LINEARLY COMBINED to estimate the parameter needed at a given moment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the earlier test is described by what it could not cover: Quotation withheld A MORE GENERAL TEST IS THUS REQUIRED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | A NEW STATISTIC NAMED, DEFINED, AND BOUNDED BY ITS OWN AUTHORS: PAIRS, PROJECTION ANGLE INDEX OF RESPONSE SIMILARITY - 1 IF ALL NEURONS HAVE AT LEAST K IDENTICAL PARTNERS, AND 0 IF CLUSTERING IS ONLY AS STRONG AS EXPECTED BY CHANCE Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and its limits stated in the same paragraph that introduces it: PAIRS IS NOT ONLY A TEST FOR CLUSTERING, BUT ALSO MORE GENERALLY FOR NON-UNIFORMITY of the distribution of tuning, and IT IS PROBABLY NOT POSSIBLE TO DETECT ALL CONCEIVABLE WAYS IN WHICH THE DATA MIGHT CLUSTER Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | A SIGNIFICANT P-VALUE READ AS SUPPORTING THE NULL: no evidence for clear categories in any animal, with p-values 0.236, 0.253, 0.399, 0.004 - and THE ONE SIGNIFICANT P-VALUE INDICATED LESS CLUSTERING THAN EXPECTED BY CHANCE Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE NULL VALIDATED BY MANUFACTURING WHAT WAS ABSENT: the lack of categories WAS NOT SIMPLY BECAUSE NEURAL VARIABILITY CAUSED OUR ANALYSIS TO MISS STRUCTURE - when SYNTHETIC CATEGORIES were introduced with noise derived from the real data, A STRIKINGLY DIFFERENT PAIRS DISTRIBUTION WAS EVIDENT Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the manufacture is exact rather than approximate - the faux partners were made by RESAMPLING TRIALS WITH REPLACEMENT from real neurons, so THESE FAUX NEURONS HAD EXACTLY THE SAME AMOUNT OF NOISE AS THEIR ORIGINATING NEURONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | with the exceptions counted rather than dismissed: relatively close neuron pairs were occasionally observed but DIFFERED FROM CHANCE IN ONLY 1 OF 5 CASES, and THE VAST MAJORITY OF NEURONS EACH REFLECT A UNIQUE COMBINATION OF RESPONSE FEATURES Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE SCOPE OF THE NULL, STATED BY THE AUTHORS: neural categories defined by OTHER PROPERTIES, SUCH AS CELL TYPE OR CONNECTIVITY, MIGHT REVEAL SPECIALIZATION - so `PPC is category-free` holds for categories defined by task-parameter selectivity and by time-dependent response features, and for nothing else Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the recommendation that follows is procedural, not factual: FUTURE STUDIES CAN TEST DIRECTLY FOR THE EXISTENCE OF CATEGORIES, AND DESIGN APPROPRIATE ANALYSES IF NEURONS ARE SHOWN TO REFLECT RANDOM COMBINATIONS of task parameters Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[12] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE SAMPLING CHOICE IS ITSELF THE ARGUMENT: WE RECORDED FROM ALL ENCOUNTERED NEURONS AND USED IDENTICAL STIMULI FOR EACH - the traditional approach of selection criteria and customized stimuli IS SUCCESSFUL IN IDENTIFYING NEURONS WITH STRONG CHOICE SIGNALS, BUT MAY LEAVE UNEXAMINED NEURONS WITH SUBTLER CHOICE SIGNALS THAT NONETHELESS SHAPE THE EVOLVING DECISION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[13] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | stated again as a difference from the primate literature - the stimulus WAS NOT OPTIMIZED FOR EACH NEURON'S PREFERENCE and neurons WERE NOT SELECTED BASED ON TUNING PROPERTIES Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | MIXED SELECTIVITY MAKES TWO CONDITIONS INDISTINGUISHABLE IN ONE CELL: rare neurons had PURE choice or PURE modality selectivity, but for the majority THE MIXING SOMETIMES RESULTED IN IDENTICAL FIRING RATES FOR DIFFERENT CONDITIONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[15] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the absence of correlation is explicitly refused as proof: LACK OF CORRELATION DOES NOT CONCLUSIVELY RULE OUT THE EXISTENCE OF FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES - selectivity for task features could still define categories, if the points formed an X or clusters symmetric about the origin Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[16] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | with every member of the population contributing: the neural weights WERE NONZERO FOR ALL NEURONS, and the distribution of weights DID NOT DIFFER FROM THOSE THAT WOULD BE EXPECTED BY CHANCE if neurons reflected random weightings Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[17] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | AN INACTIVATION WHOSE SPARED CONDITION IS THE CONTROL: impairment was SPECIFIC TO VISUAL TRIALS with NO CONSISTENT EFFECT ON AUDITORY DECISIONS, and THE SPARING OF AUDITORY DECISIONS REVEALS THAT INACTIVATION DID NOT REDUCE THE ANIMAL'S MOTIVATION, OR INTRODUCE CONFUSION about the stimulus-response contingency Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[18] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and a confound answered by the wrong direction of its own effect: THE MORE POSTERIOR EXPRESSION WAS APPARENTLY NOT THE SOURCE OF THE IMPAIRMENT BECAUSE THE RAT WITH MORE EXPRESSION POSTERIOR TO PPC HAD WEAKER VISUAL IMPAIRMENT Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[19] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | with the surprise stated rather than smoothed: our inactivation results WERE SURPRISING IN THAT AUDITORY DECISIONS WERE SPARED DESPITE A CLEAR SIGNATURE OF THE DEVELOPING CHOICE IN PPC NEURONS - a signal that is present, reliable, and not necessary Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[20] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE NETWORK EXPLORES DIFFERENT DIMENSIONS AT DIFFERENT MOMENTS: dimensions that CAPTURED CONSIDERABLE VARIANCE DURING THE MOVEMENT CAPTURED FAR LESS VARIANCE DURING DECISION FORMATION, arguing AGAINST ALIGNED STATE SPACES Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[21] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the null is protected by a POSITIVE CONTROL - the same analysis on visual against multisensory trials revealed STRONG ALIGNMENT, which PROVIDES REASSURANCE THAT THE MISALIGNMENT of decision and movement INDICATES A REAL DIFFERENCE IN NEURAL COVARIANCE Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[22] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and it is not two groups of cells taking turns: modulation during the stimulus was STRONGLY CORRELATED with modulation during movement, so THE MISALIGNMENT IS A POPULATION-LEVEL PHENOMENON, NOT DUE TO HAVING SEPARATE GROUPS OF NEURONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[23] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | visible in single cells as a reversal - one neuron has an ELEVATED response before a leftwards choice and is THEN SUPPRESSED DURING THE LEFTWARDS MOVEMENT used to report that same choice Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[24] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | A CONTROL ANIMAL BORROWED FROM ANOTHER STUDY, WITH ITS OWN NULL RECORDED: one animal had stimulating fibers implanted and laser stimulation on half its trials - THE ANIMAL EXPRESSED NO LIGHT-ACTIVATED ION CHANNELS IN ITS BRAIN, AND LASER STIMULATION HAD NO EFFECT ON NEURAL ACTIVITY OR BEHAVIOR Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[25] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the structure that survives the randomness is named TOLERANCE - although individual neurons reflected RANDOM COMBINATIONS of task components, THE OBSERVED RESPONSES WERE NONETHELESS STRUCTURED, retaining their choice preference across modalities Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[26] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| alternatives | claim_type: null-result Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: existence — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.claim_type | the tagger's words | |
| alternatives | method: a statistic on the angles between neurons' response vectors and their nearest neighbours, compared against randomly oriented vectors - PAIRS, Projection Angle Index of Response Similarity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: electrophysiology — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.method | the tagger's words | |
| alternatives | phenomenon: mixed selectivity - individual neurons modulated by more than one task parameter at once, so that different conditions can give identical firing rates Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: population coding in posterior parietal cortex during multisensory decision-making — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.phenomenon | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | contradicts → the widespread assumption of functionally specialised neural categories (refs 1, 5-11, 32) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | extends → prior work testing for categories defined by response timing (ref 19) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | builds-on → theoretical work on random mixed representations (refs 12-14) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | builds-on → the established rat multisensory rate-discrimination task (refs 20, 21) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[3] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | critiques → the assumption of neural categories, which is built into how neurons are sampled and into how populations are summarized Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: pie charts and averaging, which assign neurons to categories and treat each neuron as an exemplar differing from others mainly because of noise | claim_relations[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | extends → earlier work that argued against categories but tested only for categories defined by response sequence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | supports → theoretical work predicting that randomly distributed parameters let an arbitrary group of neurons be linearly combined for whatever estimate is needed Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | distinguishes-from → the primate approach of selecting neurons by tuning and optimising the stimulus per neuron, which finds strong choice signals and leaves subtler ones unexamined Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: THE AXIS IS HOW THE NEURONS AND STIMULI WERE CHOSEN. 'Quotation withheld.' The older method is granted its successes and denied its denominator - it finds what it selects for, so a literature built on it cannot report what fraction of the population is involved. | claim_relations[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | qualifies → its own null, which covers categories defined by task-parameter selectivity and temporal response features and not those defined by cell type or connectivity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: THE AXIS IS WHICH PROPERTY DEFINES THE CATEGORY. 'Quotation withheld.' The paper's headline null - no categories - is bounded by the definition of category it used, IN THE SENTENCE AFTER THE CLAIM. Its [4] criticises pie charts and averaging for assigning neurons to categories; here it says which categories its own null covers. | claim_relations[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | supports → an analogy with inferotemporal cortex, where tolerance is read as evidence that representations have been untangled Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | predicts → that future studies test directly for the existence of categories and design their analyses accordingly Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | clustering —contrasted-with→ PAIRS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: its limits stated where it is introduced - NOT ONLY A TEST FOR CLUSTERING BUT MORE GENERALLY FOR NON-UNIFORMITY, and IT IS PROBABLY NOT POSSIBLE TO DETECT ALL CONCEIVABLE WAYS IN WHICH THE DATA MIGHT CLUSTER
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span says PAIRS also tests non-uniformity beyond clustering; contrasted-with is loose. also in: clustering · PAIRS | concept_edges[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | choice —distinct-from→ modality Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: MIXED SELECTIVITY MAKES TWO CONDITIONS INDISTINGUISHABLE IN ONE CELL - the mixing SOMETIMES RESULTED IN IDENTICAL FIRING RATES FOR DIFFERENT CONDITIONS
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span says pure choice or modality selectivity is rare and most neurons mix both; distinct-from is loose. | concept_edges[16] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Mann-Whitney U test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Mann-Whitney U test | content_tags.statistics[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | bootstrap Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: bootstrap | content_tags.statistics[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Monte Carlo simulation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Monte Carlo simulation | content_tags.statistics[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ROC analysis / area under the curve Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ROC analysis / area under the curve | content_tags.statistics[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | principal component analysis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: principal component analysis | content_tags.statistics[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | support vector machine classifier Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: support vector machine classifier | content_tags.statistics[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | generalized linear model regression Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: generalized linear model regression | content_tags.statistics[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | sign test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: sign test | content_tags.statistics[7] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | kurtosis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: kurtosis | content_tags.statistics[8] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | maximum likelihood estimation (psychometric function fitting) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.statistics[9] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | confidence interval Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: confidence interval | content_tags.statistics[10] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | bootstrap aggregation (bagging) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: bootstrap aggregation (bagging) | content_tags.statistics[11] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | PAIRS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: PAIRS | content_tags.statistics[12] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | SVM Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: SVM | content_tags.statistics[13] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | p-values from Monte Carlo simulations Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.statistics[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | PPC INACTIVATION RELIABLY IMPAIRED VISUAL DECISIONS, by Mann-Whitney U test at p < 0.001 pooled across animals Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Quotation withheld Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Most PPC neurons carried joint information about both stimulus modality and the animal's choice rather than either one alone. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The nearest-neighbor angle distribution of neurons' feature vectors was statistically indistinguishable from that of randomly oriented vectors. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | A linear decoder read the animal's choice from single-trial population responses significantly above chance in every rat. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The same choice decoder did not estimate stimulus modality better than chance. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Quotation withheld Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The choice and modality decoder vectors were nearly orthogonal, meaning the two parameters occupy essentially independent dimensions of population activity. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[7] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Dimensions that captured most variance during movement captured little variance during decision formation, so the network occupies different covariance patterns in the two epochs. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[8] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | this analysis, BY CONTRAST, REVEALED STRONG ALIGNMENT - index 0.840 at p < 10 to the minus 4, PRESENT IN ALL RATS TESTED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[9] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Quotation withheld Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[10] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 80.1% of neurons, 218 of 272 units, HAD A MULTISENSORY RESPONSE THAT WAS BETTER PREDICTED BY THE AUDITORY AND VISUAL RESPONSES THAN BY THE MULTISENSORY MEAN, assessed on left-out data Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[11] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | THE ASSUMPTION OF NEURAL CATEGORIES IS REFLECTED IN MANY EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS AND ANALYSIS METHODS, even those focusing on structures far downstream of early sensory areas Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[12] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | neurons MUST MEET CERTAIN RESPONSE CRITERIA TO BE INCLUDED FOR STUDY, and IMPLICIT IN THIS APPROACH IS THE IDEA THAT THE CELL'S RESPONSE DURING ONE STIMULUS IDENTIFIES IT AS A MEMBER OF THE CATEGORY BEING EXAMINED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[13] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | PIE CHARTS, A COMMON WAY OF SUMMARIZING POPULATION DATA, EXPLICITLY ASSIGN NEURONS TO CATEGORIES, and AVERAGING OVER MANY NEURONS LIKEWISE REFLECTS THE ASSUMPTION THAT EACH NEURON IS AN EXEMPLAR OF A CATEGORY Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | earlier work ARGUED AGAINST CATEGORIES, BUT ONLY TESTED FOR CATEGORIES DEFINED BY RESPONSE SEQUENCE. A MORE GENERAL TEST IS THUS REQUIRED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[15] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | PAIRS is 1 IF ALL NEURONS HAVE AT LEAST K IDENTICAL PARTNERS, AND 0 IF CLUSTERING IS ONLY AS STRONG AS EXPECTED BY CHANCE Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[16] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | PAIRS IS NOT ONLY A TEST FOR CLUSTERING, BUT ALSO MORE GENERALLY FOR NON-UNIFORMITY of the distribution of tuning, and IT IS PROBABLY NOT POSSIBLE TO DETECT ALL CONCEIVABLE WAYS IN WHICH THE DATA MIGHT CLUSTER Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[17] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | no evidence for clear categories was present in any animal, and THE ONE SIGNIFICANT P-VALUE INDICATED LESS CLUSTERING THAN EXPECTED BY CHANCE Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[18] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the lack of categories WAS NOT SIMPLY BECAUSE NEURAL VARIABILITY CAUSED OUR ANALYSIS TO MISS STRUCTURE - with SYNTHETIC CATEGORIES introduced, A STRIKINGLY DIFFERENT PAIRS DISTRIBUTION WAS EVIDENT Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[19] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | THESE FAUX NEURONS HAD EXACTLY THE SAME AMOUNT OF NOISE AS THEIR ORIGINATING NEURONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[20] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | close neuron pairs DIFFERED FROM CHANCE IN ONLY 1 OF 5 CASES, and THE VAST MAJORITY OF NEURONS EACH REFLECT A UNIQUE COMBINATION OF RESPONSE FEATURES Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[21] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | neural categories defined by OTHER PROPERTIES, SUCH AS CELL TYPE OR CONNECTIVITY, MIGHT REVEAL SPECIALIZATION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[22] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | WE RECORDED FROM ALL ENCOUNTERED NEURONS AND USED IDENTICAL STIMULI FOR EACH, where the traditional approach MAY LEAVE UNEXAMINED NEURONS WITH SUBTLER CHOICE SIGNALS THAT NONETHELESS SHAPE THE EVOLVING DECISION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[23] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the mixing SOMETIMES RESULTED IN IDENTICAL FIRING RATES FOR DIFFERENT CONDITIONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[24] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | LACK OF CORRELATION DOES NOT CONCLUSIVELY RULE OUT THE EXISTENCE OF FUNCTIONAL CATEGORIES Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[25] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the neural weights were NONZERO FOR ALL NEURONS and did not differ from those EXPECTED BY CHANCE if neurons reflected random weightings Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[26] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | THE SPARING OF AUDITORY DECISIONS REVEALS THAT INACTIVATION DID NOT REDUCE THE ANIMAL'S MOTIVATION, OR INTRODUCE CONFUSION about the stimulus-response contingency Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[27] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | THE RAT WITH MORE EXPRESSION POSTERIOR TO PPC HAD WEAKER VISUAL IMPAIRMENT compared to the other rat Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[28] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | dimensions that CAPTURED CONSIDERABLE VARIANCE DURING THE MOVEMENT CAPTURED FAR LESS VARIANCE DURING DECISION FORMATION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[29] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the positive control revealed STRONG ALIGNMENT, which PROVIDES REASSURANCE THAT THE MISALIGNMENT of decision and movement INDICATES A REAL DIFFERENCE IN NEURAL COVARIANCE Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[30] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | THE MISALIGNMENT IS A POPULATION-LEVEL PHENOMENON, NOT DUE TO HAVING SEPARATE GROUPS OF NEURONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[31] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | THE ANIMAL EXPRESSED NO LIGHT-ACTIVATED ION CHANNELS IN ITS BRAIN, AND LASER STIMULATION HAD NO EFFECT ON NEURAL ACTIVITY OR BEHAVIOR Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[32] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Projection Angle Index of Response Similarity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.definitions[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Variance Alignment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Variance Alignment | content_tags.definitions[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | choice divergence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: choice divergence | content_tags.definitions[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | choice preference Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: choice preference | content_tags.definitions[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | excess rate Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: excess rate | content_tags.definitions[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | mixed selectivity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: mixed selectivity | content_tags.definitions[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | decision formation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: decision formation | content_tags.definitions[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | DREADD (Designer Receptor Exclusively Activated by Designer Drug) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.definitions[7] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | impairment ratio Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: impairment ratio | content_tags.definitions[8] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | PAIRS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: PAIRS | content_tags.definitions[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | clustering Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: clustering | content_tags.definitions[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | tolerance Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: tolerance | content_tags.definitions[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | categories Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: categories | content_tags.definitions[12] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | PPC inactivation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: PPC inactivation | content_tags.variables[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | control sessions Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: control sessions | content_tags.variables[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | selectivity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: selectivity | content_tags.variables[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | weights Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: weights | content_tags.variables[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | variance Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: variance | content_tags.variables[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 80.1% (218 of 272 units) — neurons whose multisensory response was better predicted by a linear combination of auditory and visual responses than by the multisensory mean Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 68.2% — median share of multisensory response variance accounted for by a linear combination of the unisensory responses Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 33.8% — proportion of neurons with statistically significant modality preference Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 86.5° — average angle between the choice decoder and the modality decoder, near the orthogonal 90° Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 68.9%, 61.2%, 59.4%, 80.2%, 70.1% — choice-decoding accuracy in the five rats at 700-800 ms after stimulus onset, outside the training window Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | PAIRS index = −0.052; p = 0.632 — clustering statistic for the example rat's feature vectors, indistinguishable from chance (no categories) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | index = 0.840, p < 10 −4 — Variance Alignment index for visual versus multisensory decision-epoch activity, the aligned positive control Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | r = 0.709, r = 0.655, r = 0.577, r = 0.666, r = 0.763 — per-rat correlation between each neuron's stimulus-epoch and movement-epoch modulation depth Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[7] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 86.5° — the average angle between the choice decoder and the modality decoder, ONLY SLIGHTLY LESS THAN A PERFECTLY ORTHOGONAL 90 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 0.004 — the one significant PAIRS p-value, which INDICATED LESS CLUSTERING THAN EXPECTED BY CHANCE Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 1 of 5 cases — the number of animals in which close neuron pairs differed from chance at all Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 3.3 — the signal-to-noise criterion a neuron had to exceed to be included - firing-rate range divided by maximal s.e.m. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
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