Response priming driven by local contrast, not subjective brightness

Response priming driven by local contrast, not subjective brightness Schmidt Miksch Bulganin Jäger Lossin Jochum Kohl

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Response priming driven by local contrast, not subjective brightness 2010 Attention, Perception, & Psychophysics 10.3758/app.72.6.1556 Schmidt2010-response-priming-driven-by-local-contrast-no Schmidt2010-response-priming-driven-by-local-contrast-no.txt, the project's staged copy abc9cd6a204988a2e7171ad95914e8a987b31023 not-redistributable cognitive-psychology

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0 spans located by searching the stored text for the quote's exact words, allowing any whitespace between them mechanism Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. response priming by luminance flankers Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. behavioural-experiment behavioural-experiment Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms The feedforward sweeps triggered in turn by flankers and targets still carry only local contrast information, so motor activation is driven by raw local contrast while conscious brightness is settled later by recurrent interactions. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms Conscious lightness and brightness are computed later, by recurrent processing that trails the initial feedforward wave. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms Response priming accesses a stimulus representation that precedes lightness constancy, i.e. one that has not yet discounted illumination. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms Placing the high-luminance flanker on the lighted segment turns it into a local decrement (and the low-luminance flanker on the shadowed segment into a local increment), which is what inverts the priming sign. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Experiments 1 and 2 leave open the alternative that participants judged targets by local contrast sign rather than brightness (addressed only by Experiment 3). Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The dissociation licenses only the weaker conclusion that some aspects of lightness constancy are missing from response activation, not that constancy is wholly absent. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. a whole experiment (Experiment 3) built to test the local-contrast-sign account eliminates: that responses are driven by the local contrast sign of the target rather than by the primed response · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. response priming response priming Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. subjective brightness subjective brightness Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. local luminance contrast local luminance contrast Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. lightness constancy lightness constancy Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. A QUALITATIVE DISSOCIATION, AND IT IS A REVERSAL RATHER THAN AN ATTENUATION: `Quotation withheld.` Not a smaller effect in one condition - the sign flips, while the observer's own brightness match goes the other way. A quantitative dissociation can be argued about with a power analysis; a reversal cannot Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AND THE CONTROL THAT MAKES THIS DIFFERENT IN KIND FROM EVERY OTHER DISSOCIATION IN THIS CORPUS: `Quotation withheld, and it relies solely on characteristic differences in processing dynamics between the priming and matching tasks.` dehaene1998 flashes a numeral for 43 ms between masks; marcel1983, holcomb2005 and Finkbeiner2011 all argue about whether the prime was seen. This paper lets the observer look straight at it. So the gap is not between seen and unseen but between two live representations of one visible stimulus - which is a different claim, needing none of the machinery the awareness literature spends its credibility on Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. THE CLAIM IS A TRIPLE NEGATIVE THAT NAMES ITS WINNER: `Quotation withheld` The two excluded candidates are the physical variable and the perceptual variable - between them, everything anyone would have guessed - and each was excluded by a measurement rather than by an argument. The third is named, and it is a property of the stimulus's relation to its own neighbourhood Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AND THE INFERENCE IS CAREFULLY PARTIAL: `If priming effects are in systematic disagreement with the flankers' perceived brightness values, this suggests that at least some aspects of lightness constancy are absent from the response activation process.` `at least some aspects` and `suggests` are both in the quote, and they are the difference between this and a claim that the motor pathway is pre-constancy. The illusion used here IS a consequence of lightness constancy - the authors say so - so its failure to reach the response is evidence about one pathway, not a map of the visual system Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. builds-on → Moore and Brown (2001), visual search under a dark transparent filter Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. contradicts → physiological studies reporting that subjective lightness is signalled early in the hierarchy (MacEvoy & Paradiso, 2001; Rossi & Paradiso, 1999; Rossi, Rittenhouse, & Paradiso, 1996) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. contradicts → Breitmeyer, Ro, and Singhal (2004), the proposal that response priming is based on raw physical stimulus characteristics rather than perceived color; the authors explicitly adopt a "less radical view" in the next sentence about this quote: 2026-08-16: FAILED GLYPH INSIDE THIS QUOTE. Two failed glyphs inside a surname: the staged text reads "Breitmeyer, Ö(cid:120)(cid:129) men, & Chen, 2004". The author is Haluk Ogmen (O-with-diaeresis, g-with-breve), and the extraction lost both diacritic characters and left the raw font codes with a stray space. This affects only the CITED NAME, not the claim: the sentence's assertion about response priming and raw physical stimulus characteristics is intact. The quote is an exact substring of the staged file; the file is incomplete here, not the tag. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. builds-on → the rapid-chase model of response priming (Schmidt et al., 2006; Schmidt & Schmidt, 2009) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. local luminance contrast —causes→ response priming local luminance contrast response priming direction on the measure: increases · strength of the relation: 0.95 · note: 'EXCLUSIVELY' IS IN THE QUOTE AND IT IS THE WHOLE CLAIM. Two rival causes are named and excluded in the same sentence - physical luminance and subjective brightness - so this is not 'X is associated with Y' but 'X and not the two things you would have guessed'. Weight 0.95: the general discussion's opening sentence, resting on a systematic variation of the illusion rather than on one contrast. 'increases' means more local contrast in the priming direction yields more priming, and the reversal condition is the same relation with the contrast sign flipped. Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but priming 'seems to depend exclusively on' local contrast; hedged, and no direction is stated. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. response priming —distinct-from→ subjective brightness response priming subjective brightness strength of the relation: 0.95 · note: A REVERSAL, NOT AN ATTENUATION, AND THAT IS WHY THIS EARNS 0.95. 'distinct-from' usually records that two concepts are not the same thing; here the quote shows them moving in OPPOSITE directions on the same stimulus - one flanker appears brighter and primes as if darker. And the second sense is what makes it valuable: no masking, no brief presentation, the stimuli in plain view. Every other dissociation in this corpus separates a seen thing from an unseen thing; this separates two representations of a thing the observer is looking at. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. repeated-measures ANOVA repeated-measures ANOVA Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Greenhouse-Geisser correction Greenhouse-Geisser correction Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. arcsine transformation arcsine transformation Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. standard error of the mean standard error of the mean Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. When the illusion made the two flankers look similar in brightness, the priming effect reversed sign: consistent flankers slowed responses and inconsistent flankers speeded them. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The same flanker could look brighter than its partner while priming the response assigned to the darker stimulus. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Brightness matching never reversed: the physically more luminant flanker was always judged the brighter one in every illusion condition. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Varying the light-to-shadow ratio showed that priming flipped sign in exactly the conditions where each flanker's contrast against its own background flipped from increment to decrement. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Experiment 3 replicated the pattern with changed targets: priming strongly positive in enhancement conditions and reversed in attenuation conditions. about this quote: THE QUOTE STOPS WHERE THE EXTRACTED TEXT IS INTERRUPTED: after its last word the text runs into the page's running head and number, garbled in the extraction ('1566 SSCHMI 1566 CHMIDT ET AL…'), and then a figure's labels ('Attenuation Enhancement…'), so the words that completed the sentence are not continuous with it and are not quoted. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Overall, response priming tracked neither the flankers' physical luminance nor their perceived brightness, but only their local luminance contrast against the immediately surrounding background. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The priming-perception dissociation was obtained with all stimuli fully visible, without masking or brief presentation. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. lightness constancy lightness constancy Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. rapid-chase theory of response priming rapid-chase theory of response priming Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. priming effects priming effects Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. lightness lightness Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. brightness brightness Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. light–shadow contrast light–shadow contrast Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. RT RT Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. luminance levels luminance levels Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Eight — participants in Experiment 1 Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 1.0, 34.2, and 11.1 cd/m2 — luminances of the shadowed, lighted and neutrally illuminated segments of the folded plane in Experiment 1 Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 17, 33, 50, 67, or 83 msec — the flanker-target SOAs used in Experiment 1 Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 0.19% — share of Experiment 1 trials discarded as RT outliers Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. seven steps (light–shadow contrast between 1.6 and 336.3) — range over which the light-to-shadow luminance ratio was varied in Experiment 2 Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. about 30 msec — how much faster responses were to mixed target pairs than to all-decrement or all-increment pairs in Experiment 3 Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution.

The full text of this article is not redistributable, so it is not included here. The evidence sentences are withheld with it; the tag layer and its grounding status remain. The article itself is at https://doi.org/10.3758/app.72.6.1556.