standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| second reading | alternatives | an independent re-reading of a facet, recorded whether or not it agrees |
| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| concept edge | concept_edges | an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| contribution | contribution | what the paper claims to add |
| control | controls | an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| object of study | object_of_study | what the paper is about — the thing it investigates |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| research question | research_question | the question the paper sets itself |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
| transfer | transfers | a method or concept carried in from another field |
Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 4 relations here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| object_of_study | WHERE the neurons encoding vision, choice, action and behavioral engagement sit - IT IS UNKNOWN HOW THE NEURONS MEDIATING THESE PROCESSES ARE DISTRIBUTED ACROSS BRAIN REGIONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | object_of_study | the paper's words | |
| research_question | which regions carry signals that predict the CHOSEN action rather than merely accompanying movement - NEURONAL SIGNALS THAT CORRELATE WITH ACTION DO NOT NECESSARILY CORRELATE WITH ACTION SELECTION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | research_question | the paper's words | |
| contribution | NEURONS IN NEARLY ALL REGIONS RESPONDED NON-SPECIFICALLY WHEN THE MOUSE INITIATED AN ACTION, BY CONTRAST, NEURONS ENCODING VISUAL STIMULI AND UPCOMING CHOICES OCCUPIED RESTRICTED REGIONS - and CHOICE SIGNALS WERE RARE AND EMERGED WITH INDISTINGUISHABLE TIMING ACROSS REGIONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | contribution | the paper's words | |
| claim_type | existence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | brain-wide distribution of neural coding for vision, action, choice and task engagement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | electrophysiology Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: electrophysiology | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[0] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[1] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[2] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | the criterion the paper sets itself before measuring anything: TO CARRY SUCH CHOICE-RELATED SIGNALS, A BRAIN REGION MUST CONTAIN NEURONS WHOSE FIRING SELECTIVELY PREDICTS THE CHOSEN ACTION BEFORE THE ACTION OCCURS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | the design that makes the criterion testable: THE SAME VISUAL STIMULUS COULD THEREFORE LEAD TO EITHER DIRECTION OF TURN, OR TO NO ACTION, ALLOWING US TO DISSOCIATE THE NEURAL CORRELATES OF THE VISUAL STIMULI, OF ACTION INITIATION AND OF ACTION SELECTION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | the two encodings that differ without differing in time: IN MIDBRAIN NEARLY ALL CHOICE-SELECTIVE NEURONS (53/54, 98%) PREFERRED CONTRALATERAL CHOICES, while forebrain neurons COULD PREFER EITHER CHOICE, giving A DISTINCTIVE 'BILATERAL' ENCODING OF BOTH CHOICES IN THE FOREBRAIN, VERSUS A 'UNILATERAL' ENCODING OF CONTRALATERAL CHOICES IN THE MIDBRAIN Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | the proposed reason engagement helps: ENHANCED ACTIVITY IN SUBCORTICAL AREAS BRINGS ACTIVITY IN THESE REGIONS CLOSER TO THE LEVEL AT WHICH ACTIONS ARE INITIATED, PROVIDING A POTENTIAL MECHANISM FOR INCREASED PROBABILITY OF ACTION IN ENGAGED STATES Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | and what the global pre-movement activity cannot be: THESE SIGNALS MAY COMPRISE FORMS OF COROLLARY DISCHARGE, BUT CANNOT REFLECT SENSORY RE-AFFERENCE AS THEY WERE OBSERVED PRIOR TO MOVEMENT ONSET Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | Sample sizes were not set by a power analysis. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: every effect size and null in the survey: THE SAMPLE SIZES (n = 10 MICE; n = 39 RECORDING SESSIONS; n = 29,134 NEURONS) WERE NOT DETERMINED WITH A POWER ANALYSIS | limitations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Whether visual responses in the newly implicated 'motor' choice areas would exist in untrained animals cannot be determined from these data. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the same scope as limitations[7] - whether visual responses in the newly implicated motor choice areas would exist in untrained animals cannot be determined here | limitations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Circuit mechanisms, omitted regions (cerebellum, brainstem) and generality to other choice tasks all remain for future work. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the mechanistic and anatomical completeness of the survey: FUTURE WORK WILL BE REQUIRED TO DETERMINE THE CIRCUIT MECHANISMS THAT ENFORCE THESE PRINCIPLES | limitations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The experimenter was not blinded to the stimulus contrast condition during acquisition or analysis. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the contrast-condition comparisons: THE EXPERIMENTER WAS NOT BLINDED TO CONTRAST CONDITION EITHER DURING DATA ACQUISITION OR DURING ANALYSIS | limitations[3] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Six of 39 sessions had to be dropped from the choice-probability control analysis for too few usable trials. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the choice-probability control analysis: SIX SESSIONS HAD TO BE EXCLUDED FOR HAVING FEWER THAN 10 TRIALS INCLUDE-ABLE IN THE CP ANALYSIS | limitations[4] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | THE FRACTION OF CROSS-VALIDATED VARIANCE THE KERNELS EXPLAINED WAS FREQUENTLY SMALL, EVEN FOR NEURONS WHOSE MEAN RATES THEY ACCURATELY PREDICTED (50.2% for one and 13.6% for another) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: reading 'this neuron encodes action' as a statement about that neuron's spiking rather than about its trial-averaged rate | limitations[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | a quarter of the neurons could not be placed - WE RECORDED FROM 29,134 NEURONS, OF WHICH 22,458 WERE LOCALIZABLE TO ONE OF 42 BRAIN REGIONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: any per-region count or map: WE RECORDED FROM 29,134 NEURONS ... OF WHICH 22,458 WERE LOCALIZABLE TO ONE OF 42 BRAIN REGIONS | limitations[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | the training may have made the finding - WHETHER VISUAL NEURONS WOULD BE FOUND these ‘motor’ AREAS IN UNTRAINED ANIMALS IS NOT CLEAR FROM THESE DATA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: reading the visual responses in midbrain and striatum as a property of those structures rather than of trained animals | limitations[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | the survey is not the brain - future work must determine HOW THEY EXTEND TO AREAS SUCH AS CEREBELLUM AND BRAINSTEM OMITTED FROM THE CURRENT SURVEY, and THE EXTENT TO WHICH SIMILAR PRINCIPLES GOVERN THE NEURAL CORRELATES OF DIFFERENT CHOICE TASKS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the brain-wide reading of the survey: future work must determine HOW THEY EXTEND TO AREAS SUCH AS CEREBELLUM AND BRAINSTEM OMITTED FROM THE CURRENT SURVEY | limitations[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | the timing result is a null - WE COULD NOT DISTINGUISH THE TIMING OF CHOICE-RELATED SIGNALS BETWEEN THESE REGIONS, and the recurrent loop is offered as the PARSIMONIOUS explanation of that null rather than as a measurement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: reading the recurrent loop as observed rather than as the simplest account of an absence | limitations[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | JOINT PERI-EVENT CANONICAL CORRELATION (jPECC) ANALYSIS, A NOVEL EXTENSION OF THE “joint Peristimulus Time Histogram” METHOD MODIFIED TO DETECT CORRELATIONS IN A “communication subspace” BETWEEN TWO POPULATIONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | a version of CHOICE PROBABILITY ANALYSIS FOR TASKS WITH MANY STIMULUS CONDITIONS, CALLED COMBINED-CONDITIONS CHOICE PROBABILITY, which QUANTIFIES THE PROBABILITY THAT A NEURON'S SPIKE COUNT WILL BE GREATER ON TRIALS WITH ONE CHOICE THAN TRIALS OF ANOTHER, FOR MATCHED STIMULUS CONDITIONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the visual contrast matched between the conditions being compared Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the activity difference reflecting different visual drive - CONTRALATERAL VISUAL STIMULUS CONTRASTS WERE MATCHED so that DIFFERENCES IN ACTIVITY DO NOT REFLECT DIFFERING VISUAL DRIVE · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[0] | 0.7 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the task-context comparison restricted to trials where the animal did nothing, against passive presentation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: movement explaining the context difference - BOTH VISUAL STIMULI AND BEHAVIORAL REPORTS WERE IDENTICAL, and the conditions were MATCHED FOR VISUAL STIMULATION AND (LACK OF) ACTION · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the engagement index computed from PRE-STIMULUS activity only Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the index being a movement correlate - WE EXAMINED ONLY PRE-STIMULUS ACTIVITY, WHICH COULD NOT BE CONFLATED WITH THE LARGE NON-SPECIFIC RESPONSES RELATED TO MOVEMENTS · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the engagement effect tested against pupil diameter, video-detectable movement, previous reward and inter-trial interval Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: arousal, movement, reward history and timing - the effect COULD NOT BE FULLY EXPLAINED BY VARIABILITY IN PUPIL DIAMETER, IN OVERT MOVEMENTS DETECTABLE BY VIDEO RECORDINGS, IN THE PRESENCE OF A REWARD ON THE PREVIOUS TRIAL, OR IN THE INTER-TRIAL INTERVAL · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the kernel test's threshold set from shuffled data Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the encoding counts being a product of the test - WE USED PARAMETERS WHICH GAVE FALSE-POSITIVE ERROR RATES OF 0.33% ON SHUFFLED DATA · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the whole choice result repeated with a second, independent statistic Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the conclusion depending on the kernel model - a version of CHOICE PROBABILITY ANALYSIS FOR TASKS WITH MANY STIMULUS CONDITIONS was developed and EMPLOYING THIS METHOD, WE OBTAINED SIMILAR RESULTS · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the analysis restricted to activity before the movement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: activity caused by the movement being read as predicting it - AS OUR QUESTION CONCERNS ACTIVITY PREDICTIVE OF UPCOMING MOVEMENTS, WE APPLIED THIS ANALYSIS ONLY TO PRE-MOVEMENT ACTIVITY · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | A CRITERION FOR WHAT COUNTS AS EVIDENCE, STATED BEFORE ANYTHING IS MEASURED: NEURONAL SIGNALS THAT CORRELATE WITH ACTION DO NOT NECESSARILY CORRELATE WITH ACTION SELECTION - TO CARRY SUCH CHOICE-RELATED SIGNALS, A BRAIN REGION MUST CONTAIN NEURONS WHOSE FIRING SELECTIVELY PREDICTS THE CHOSEN ACTION BEFORE THE ACTION OCCURS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | AND A WHOLE CLASS OF DESIGNS CANNOT MEET IT: GO/NOGO TASKS CANNOT DISTINGUISH NEURONS THAT NONSPECIFICALLY FIRE FOR ANY ACTION, FROM NEURONS SELECTIVE FOR SPECIFIC CHOICES. Not a result being corrected - a design being retired, and every finding that used it inherits the ambiguity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE SAME STIMULUS AND THE SAME behavior, DIFFERENT ACTIVITY: BOTH VISUAL STIMULI AND BEHAVIORAL REPORTS WERE IDENTICAL, and EVEN THOUGH THE TWO CONDITIONS WERE MATCHED FOR VISUAL STIMULATION AND (LACK OF) ACTION, THEY WERE ACCOMPANIED IN MANY AREAS BY DIFFERENT ACTIVITY, BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER STIMULUS PRESENTATION. The response is not a property of the stimulus Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the context effect has OPPOSITE SIGNS in different structures: ACTIVITY IN VISp WAS LOWER IN THE TASK THAN IN THE PASSIVE TRIALS, WHEREAS ACTIVITY IN CP SHOWED THE OPPOSITE MODULATION - WHILE NEOCORTEX AND SENSORY THALAMUS SHOWED A NET DECREASE, OTHER REGIONS SHOWED A CONSISTENT INCREASE. A brain-wide average of this is zero Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE GLOBAL SIGNAL IS ABOUT MOVING, NOT ABOUT THE TASK: THE WIDELY DISTRIBUTED ACTIVITY SEEN FOLLOWING TRIAL ONSET WAS THEREFORE PRESENT ONLY WHEN ANIMALS MOVED, AND REGARDLESS OF THE PARTICULAR STIMULUS AND PARTICULAR ACTION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the ordering of areas reverses with the side of the stimulus: WHEN THE MOUSE SUCCESSFULLY SELECTED AN IPSILATERAL STIMULUS, MOST AREAS WERE AGAIN ACTIVATED, BUT VIS AND SCs WERE NOW AMONGST THE LAST AREAS TO RESPOND, RATHER THAN THE FIRST Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | WHAT IS GLOBAL AND WHAT IS NOT, MEASURED RATHER THAN ASSERTED: NEURONS ENCODING ACTION WERE SPREAD THROUGHOUT ALL RECORDED REGIONS, and THE GREAT MAJORITY OF NEURONS ENCODING ACTION DID NOT REQUIRE AN ADDITIONAL CHOICE KERNEL - THEY RESPONDED EQUALLY FOR MOVEMENTS IN EITHER DIRECTION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the negative that makes the positive mean something: CHOICE-SELECTIVE NEURONS WERE NOT FOUND IN VISp, although THIS SET OF REGIONS ENCODING CHOICE OVERLAPPED PARTIALLY WITH THE VISUAL PATHWAY Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE SAME VARIABLE ENCODED IN TWO INCOMPATIBLE WAYS IN TWO PLACES: IN MIDBRAIN NEARLY ALL CHOICE-SELECTIVE NEURONS (53/54, 98%) PREFERRED CONTRALATERAL CHOICES, whereas in forebrain A SIZEABLE PROPORTION PREFERRED IPSILATERAL CHOICES (19/48, 40%). A `midbrain encodes choice` tag and a `forebrain encodes choice` tag are the same words for opposite arrangements Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | A NULL DOING THE ARGUMENTATIVE WORK: WE COULD NOT DISTINGUISH THE TIMING OF CHOICE-RELATED SIGNALS BETWEEN THESE REGIONS, AN OBSERVATION PARSIMONIOUSLY EXPLAINED BY A RECURRENT LOOP ACROSS THEM - the loop is the simplest account of an absence, and is labeled as such Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the null was sought two ways: the decoding time course COULD NOT BE STATISTICALLY DISTINGUISHED BETWEEN CHOICE-SELECTIVE REGIONS, and jPECC REVEALED NO LAG FOR ACTIVITY CORRELATIONS BETWEEN FRONTAL AND MIDBRAIN AREAS while it DID reveal A CONSISTENT TIME-LAG between visual and frontal cortex Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE MODEL EXPLAINS LITTLE OF WHAT IT PREDICTS WELL: THE FRACTION OF CROSS-VALIDATED VARIANCE THE KERNELS EXPLAINED WAS FREQUENTLY SMALL, EVEN FOR NEURONS WHOSE MEAN RATES THEY ACCURATELY PREDICTED - 50.2% for one example neuron and 13.6% for another Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE ERROR RATE OF THE CLASSIFICATION IS PRINTED: WE USED PARAMETERS WHICH GAVE FALSE-POSITIVE ERROR RATES OF 0.33% ON SHUFFLED DATA - so every count of encoding neurons in this paper has a stated denominator of error Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[12] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | AN INDEX DEFINED BY THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TWO CONTEXTS, AND CHECKED AGAINST FOUR CONFOUNDS: the engagement index COULD NOT BE FULLY EXPLAINED BY VARIABILITY IN PUPIL DIAMETER, IN OVERT MOVEMENTS DETECTABLE BY VIDEO RECORDINGS, IN THE PRESENCE OF A REWARD ON THE PREVIOUS TRIAL, OR IN THE INTER-TRIAL INTERVAL Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[13] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | ENGAGEMENT MOVES CORTEX AND SUBCORTEX IN OPPOSITE DIRECTIONS: CORRELATES OF ENGAGEMENT ARE CHARACTERIZED BY ENHANCED SUBCORTICAL ACTIVITY AND SUPPRESSED NEOCORTICAL ACTIVITY PRIOR TO VISUAL STIMULUS ONSET - and the authors flag it, ENGAGEMENT-RELATED CORTICAL SUPPRESSION MIGHT SEEM SURPRISING, GIVEN THAT VISUAL CORTEX IS REQUIRED FOR PERFORMANCE OF THIS TASK Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | A QUARTER OF THE DATA HAS NO ADDRESS: WE RECORDED FROM 29,134 NEURONS, OF WHICH 22,458 WERE LOCALIZABLE TO ONE OF 42 BRAIN REGIONS - every per-region number in the paper has that denominator behind it Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[15] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and a majority are modulated, in both directions: A SIZEABLE FRACTION OF ALL NEURONS (60.0%, 13,466 NEURONS) HAD SIGNIFICANT MODULATION OF FIRING RATE DURING THE TASK - MOST OF THESE NEURONS (74.3%) CONSISTENTLY INCREASED THEIR ACTIVITY, BUT A SIZEABLE MINORITY (20.2%) CONSISTENTLY DECREASED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[16] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | WHAT THE GLOBAL SIGNAL CANNOT BE, ON A TIMING ARGUMENT: THESE SIGNALS MAY COMPRISE FORMS OF COROLLARY DISCHARGE, BUT CANNOT REFLECT SENSORY RE-AFFERENCE AS THEY WERE OBSERVED PRIOR TO MOVEMENT ONSET Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[17] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the finding may belong to the trained animal rather than to the structure: WHETHER VISUAL NEURONS WOULD BE FOUND these ‘motor’ AREAS IN UNTRAINED ANIMALS IS NOT CLEAR FROM THESE DATA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[18] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| alternatives | claim_type: existence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading reaching the same value. Recorded: existence — note: a second reading reaching the same value from a different sentence. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.claim_type | the tagger's words | |
| alternatives | method: fit each neuron with kernels for vision, action and choice, then ask by a nested cross-validated test whether the kernel under test is REQUIRED, with a declared false-positive rate on shuffled data Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: electrophysiology — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.method | the tagger's words | |
| alternatives | phenomenon: activity that appears everywhere in the brain before a movement, in regions with no established role in choosing it Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: brain-wide distribution of neural coding for vision, action, choice and task engagement — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.phenomenon | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | builds-on → Guo et al (ref. 45), headplate and recording-chamber implantation method Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | builds-on → Treves and Rolls (ref. 54), sparseness measure, adapted here as the Focality Index Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | extends → The "joint Peristimulus Time Histogram" method (refs 35, 36), extended here to jPECC Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | builds-on → The previously described two-alternative unforced choice task (ref. 3) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[3] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | critiques → go/nogo designs as evidence about choice-selective neurons Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: what the design can separate - GO/NOGO TASKS CANNOT DISTINGUISH NEURONS THAT NONSPECIFICALLY FIRE FOR ANY ACTION, FROM NEURONS SELECTIVE FOR SPECIFIC CHOICES | claim_relations[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | extends → reports of widespread action correlates in multiple species Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[5] | 0.6 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | qualifies → the classical set of choice-related areas (frontal cortex, striatum, SNr, deep superior colliculus) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: two regions nobody expected - BUT ALSO UNEXPECTED REGIONS INCLUDING THE MIDBRAIN RETICULAR NUCLEUS AND ZONA INCERTA | claim_relations[6] | 0.8 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | action —distinct-from→ choice Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: NEURONAL SIGNALS THAT CORRELATE WITH ACTION DO NOT NECESSARILY CORRELATE WITH ACTION SELECTION | concept_edges[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | go/nogo —contrasted-with→ choice Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: GO/NOGO TASKS CANNOT DISTINGUISH NEURONS THAT NONSPECIFICALLY FIRE FOR ANY ACTION, FROM NEURONS SELECTIVE FOR SPECIFIC CHOICES
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span argues for multi-alternative over go/no-go tasks; contrasted-with is loose. | concept_edges[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | midbrain —contrasted-with→ forebrain Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: THE AXIS IS WHAT THEY SHARE AND WHAT THEY DO NOT, BOTH NAMED IN ONE CLAUSE. 'Although Quotation withheld.' Identical on timing, different on code. A bare 'contrasted-with' records the difference and drops the fact that the obvious explanation - one region leading the other - is ruled out in the same sentence. · strength of the relation: 1 · note: ALTHOUGH Quotation withheld - a 'BILATERAL' ENCODING OF BOTH CHOICES IN THE FOREBRAIN, VERSUS a 'UNILATERAL' ENCODING OF CONTRALATERAL CHOICES IN THE MIDBRAIN 2026-08-20 the project re-read worst chars/edge queue): SOUND - the passage is built as this contrast and says so twice - 'By contrast' and 'in the forebrain…'. Both endpoints named, type correct. KEEP. | concept_edges[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | passive —contrasted-with→ Miss Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: BOTH VISUAL STIMULI AND BEHAVIORAL REPORTS WERE IDENTICAL, and yet THEY WERE ACCOMPANIED IN MANY AREAS BY DIFFERENT ACTIVITY, BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER STIMULUS PRESENTATION | concept_edges[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ANOVA | content_tags.statistics[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ANOVA | content_tags.statistics[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | nested ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: nested ANOVA | content_tags.statistics[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | chi-squared test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: chi-squared test | content_tags.statistics[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | t-test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: t-test | content_tags.statistics[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Bonferroni correction Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Bonferroni correction | content_tags.statistics[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | cross-validation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: cross-validation | content_tags.statistics[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | regression Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: regression | content_tags.statistics[7] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | logistic regression Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: logistic regression | content_tags.statistics[8] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | generalized linear model Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: generalized linear model | content_tags.statistics[9] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | bootstrap Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: bootstrap | content_tags.statistics[10] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | principal component analysis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: principal component analysis | content_tags.statistics[11] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | canonical correlation analysis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: canonical correlation analysis | content_tags.statistics[12] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ROC / Mann-Whitney U statistic Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ROC / Mann-Whitney U statistic | content_tags.statistics[13] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | permutation test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: permutation test | content_tags.statistics[14] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | two-way ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: two-way ANOVA | content_tags.statistics[15] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Fisher's exact test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Fisher's exact test | content_tags.statistics[16] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | cross-validated Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: cross-validated | content_tags.statistics[17] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Neurons whose firing rose non-specifically at the moment of action initiation were present in nearly every one of the 42 recorded brain regions. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Neurons coding the visual stimulus and the upcoming choice were not brain-wide but restricted to particular neocortical, basal ganglia and midbrain regions. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Midbrain choice neurons were almost all activated before contralateral turns and suppressed before ipsilateral ones, whereas forebrain choice neurons could prefer either direction. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Pre-stimulus activity across the brain predicted whether the mouse would respond on a given trial, with subcortical activity raised and neocortical activity lowered during engagement. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | THE TIME COURSE OF CHOICE DECODING COULD NOT BE STATISTICALLY DISTINGUISHED BETWEEN CHOICE-SELECTIVE REGIONS IN FRONTAL CORTEX, STRIATUM, AND MIDBRAIN Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Choice-selective neurons were found in frontal cortex, striatum, substantia nigra pars reticulata, higher-order thalamus and deep superior colliculus, and unexpectedly also in the midbrain reticular nucleus and zona incerta. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | On trials where the mouse missed a contralateral stimulus and did not act, activity appeared in a visual pathway of visual areas, basal ganglia and midbrain but failed to propagate globally. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Sixty per cent of all recorded neurons (13,466) showed significant task-related firing-rate modulation. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[7] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Canonical-correlation analysis of simultaneous populations showed visual cortex leading frontal cortex and midbrain, but no lead-lag relationship at all between frontal cortex and midbrain. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[8] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The engagement index separated Go from Miss trials consistently across recordings, an effect not fully explained by pupil diameter, overt movement, previous reward or inter-trial interval. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[9] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | More than half of midbrain choice-selective neurons increased firing before one choice and fell below baseline before the other. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[10] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | NEURONS ENCODING ACTION WERE SPREAD THROUGHOUT ALL RECORDED REGIONS, and THE GREAT MAJORITY DID NOT REQUIRE AN ADDITIONAL CHOICE KERNEL - THEY RESPONDED EQUALLY FOR MOVEMENTS IN EITHER DIRECTION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | CHOICE-SELECTIVE NEURONS WERE NOT FOUND IN VISp, and were found in TWO SUBCORTICAL NUCLEI WHICH UNEXPECTEDLY CONTAINED NEURONS SELECTIVE FOR CHOICE (MRN AND ZI) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[12] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | IN MIDBRAIN NEARLY ALL CHOICE-SELECTIVE NEURONS (53/54, 98%) PREFERRED CONTRALATERAL CHOICES, while in forebrain A SIZEABLE PROPORTION PREFERRED IPSILATERAL CHOICES (19/48, 40%) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[13] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | THE WIDELY DISTRIBUTED ACTIVITY SEEN FOLLOWING TRIAL ONSET WAS PRESENT ONLY WHEN ANIMALS MOVED, AND REGARDLESS OF THE PARTICULAR STIMULUS AND PARTICULAR ACTION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | EVEN THOUGH THE TWO CONDITIONS WERE MATCHED FOR VISUAL STIMULATION AND (LACK OF) ACTION, THEY WERE ACCOMPANIED IN MANY AREAS BY DIFFERENT ACTIVITY, BOTH BEFORE AND AFTER STIMULUS PRESENTATION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[15] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | WHILE NEOCORTEX AND SENSORY THALAMUS SHOWED A NET DECREASE IN PRE-STIMULUS ACTIVITY DURING TASK CONTEXT, OTHER REGIONS SHOWED A CONSISTENT INCREASE Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[16] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the time course of choice decoding COULD NOT BE STATISTICALLY DISTINGUISHED BETWEEN CHOICE-SELECTIVE REGIONS IN FRONTAL CORTEX, STRIATUM, AND MIDBRAIN Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[17] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | WE RECORDED FROM 29,134 NEURONS, OF WHICH 22,458 WERE LOCALIZABLE TO ONE OF 42 BRAIN REGIONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[18] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | A SIZEABLE FRACTION OF ALL NEURONS (60.0%, 13,466 NEURONS) HAD SIGNIFICANT MODULATION OF FIRING RATE DURING THE TASK - 74.3% CONSISTENTLY INCREASED, 20.2% CONSISTENTLY DECREASED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[19] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | THE FRACTION OF CROSS-VALIDATED VARIANCE THE KERNELS EXPLAINED WAS FREQUENTLY SMALL, EVEN FOR NEURONS WHOSE MEAN RATES THEY ACCURATELY PREDICTED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[20] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | choice Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: choice | content_tags.definitions[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | choice-related signal Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: choice-related signal | content_tags.definitions[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | combined-conditions Choice Probability (ccCP) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.definitions[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | joint Peri-Event Canonical Correlation (jPECC) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.definitions[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | engagement index Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: engagement index | content_tags.definitions[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Focality index Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Focality index | content_tags.definitions[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | a statistic that QUANTIFIES THE PROBABILITY THAT A NEURON'S SPIKE COUNT WILL BE GREATER ON TRIALS WITH ONE CHOICE THAN TRIALS OF ANOTHER, FOR MATCHED STIMULUS CONDITIONS, JUST AS IN CLASSIC CHOICE PROBABILITY Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.definitions[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | ‘Action’ kernel Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ‘Action’ kernel | content_tags.definitions[8] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ‘Choice’ kernel Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ‘Choice’ kernel | content_tags.definitions[9] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | contrast condition Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: contrast condition | content_tags.variables[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | firing rate Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: firing rate | content_tags.variables[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | contralateral visual stimulus contrast Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.variables[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | choice Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: choice | content_tags.variables[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | engagement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: engagement | content_tags.variables[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | pupil area Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: pupil area | content_tags.variables[8] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | motion energy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: motion energy | content_tags.variables[9] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | previous trial reward outcome Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: previous trial reward outcome | content_tags.variables[10] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | inter-trial interval Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: inter-trial interval | content_tags.variables[11] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 29,134 — neurons recorded in total, of which 22,458 could be assigned to one of 42 brain regions Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 60.0% — share of recorded neurons with significant task-related firing-rate modulation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 53/54, 98% — proportion of midbrain choice-selective neurons preferring contralateral choices Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 19/48, 40% — proportion of forebrain choice-selective neurons preferring ipsilateral choices, significantly more than in midbrain Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 0.33% — false-positive rate of the kernel selectivity test estimated on shuffled data Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 0.079 / 0.069 / 0.040 — THIS FOCALITY INDEX WAS 0.079 FOR CHOICE, 0.069 FOR VISUAL KERNELS AND 0.040 FOR ACTION KERNELS - the differences between Choice and Move, and between Contralateral Vision and Action, WERE STATISTICALLY SIGNIFICANT Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 1.7 ± 2.5% — incorrect-choice rate on high-contrast single-stimulus trials, with 10.1% misses Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 94.1% ± 0.6% — proportion of passive-replay trials with high-contrast stimuli in which the mouse made no wheel movement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[7] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 88.7 μm — median absolute error of the longitudinal probe-to-atlas alignment, close to the 70 micrometer probe shank width Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[8] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 29/54, 54% — midbrain choice-selective neurons showing directionally opposed activity (enhanced for one choice, suppressed below baseline for the other) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[9] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 53/54, 98% — midbrain choice-selective neurons preferring contralateral choices Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. depends on: the structure - the matched forebrain figure is 19/48, 40% PREFERRING IPSILATERAL CHOICES | content_tags.quantities[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 0.33% — the FALSE-POSITIVE ERROR RATE ON SHUFFLED DATA that the kernel test's parameters were set to give Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 29,134 — neurons recorded, OF WHICH 22,458 WERE LOCALIZABLE TO ONE OF 42 BRAIN REGIONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[12] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 60.0%, 13,466 neurons — the fraction with SIGNIFICANT MODULATION OF FIRING RATE DURING THE TASK Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[13] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 50.2% ... 13.6% — cross-validated variance explained for two example neurons whose mean rates the model predicted accurately Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
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