Spatial responsiveness of monkey hippocampal neurons to various visual and auditory stimuli

Spatial responsiveness of monkey hippocampal neurons to various visual and auditory stimuli Tamura Ono Fukuda Nakamura

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Spatial responsiveness of monkey hippocampal neurons to various visual and auditory stimuli 1992 Hippocampus 10.1002/hipo.450020309 Tamura1992-spatial-responsiveness-of-monkey-hippocampal Tamura1992-spatial-responsiveness-of-monkey-hippocampal.txt, the project's staged copy ee34e10e5a27db53ec952e08f0e558a7996a70e2 not-redistributable neuroscience

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0 spans located by searching the stored text for the quote's exact words, allowing any whitespace between them existence Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. spatial responsiveness of monkey hippocampal neurons Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. electrophysiology electrophysiology Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms spatial information is converted from a primary retinotopic representation into egocentric or allocentric representations somewhere between the sensory association cortices and the hippocampal formation / parahippocampal cortices Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms prolonged attention directed to one region of space during training and recording recruits more neurons that encode stimulus relations in that region Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Responses that changed independently of the apparatus movement resist interpretation. what this limits: the subset of neurons whose responses did not track the apparatus: IT IS DIFFICULT TO INTERPRET RESPONSIVENESS OF NEURONS THAT CHANGE IRRESPECTIVE OF MOVEMENT OF THE APPARATUS Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Alternative explanations, such as suppression by stimuli not visible in the usual position, cannot be ruled out for the neurons whose responsiveness was extinguished. what this limits: the spatial interpretation of the responses: OTHER FACTORS MIGHT HAVE INFLUENCED THE RESPONSIVENESS, SUCH AS SUPPRESSION BY PARTICULAR STIMULI THAT COULD NOT BE SEEN IN THE USUAL POSITION Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The directional bias of visual versus auditory responsiveness is not fully explained and may be an artefact of the training and recording set-up. what this limits: the visual-versus-auditory asymmetry: THE REASONS FOR THIS DISCRIMINATION ARE NOT ENTIRELY CLEAR, and the offered account is a plausibility argument about what is useful to the monkey Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Where the conversion from retinotopic to egocentric or allocentric representation occurs is not resolved by these data. what this limits: any claim about where the coordinate conversion happens: FURTHER STUDIES ARE NECESSARY TO INVESTIGATE SUCH COMPUTATION OR CONVERSION Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The largest of the three response groups is left unnamed and absent from the paper's key words. what this limits: any use of the egocentric/allocentric dichotomy from this paper: of the 32 neurons tested by rotation, 11 followed the monkey and 9 remained fixed to the environment, while 12 - the largest group - were reversibly extinguished and received no label Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The egocentric category is defined to include stimuli fixed to the restraining apparatus, not only to the body. what this limits: any reading of these egocentric neurons as body-centred: the designation covers responses considered to represent relations to background stimuli on the monkey OR on the restraining device that rotated with it Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. the left and right hemispheres were compared for the anterior-direction preference eliminates: that the directional preference is a hemispheric asymmetry rather than a spatial response - no significant left-right difference was found · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. egocentric egocentric Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. allocentric allocentric Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. restraining device restraining device Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. directionally differentiating responsiveness directionally differentiating responsiveness Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. reversibly extinguished reversibly extinguished Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. egocentric, here - A LABEL FROM ONE ROTATION, AND WIDER THAN BODY-CENTRED: neurons are so designated because their response directions followed the rotation of the monkey, and the relations meant are to background stimuli on the monkey OR ON THE RESTRAINING DEVICE that rotated with it, so apparatus-fixed and body-fixed responses fall under one name Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. allocentric, here - THE COMPLEMENT OF THE SAME OPERATION: neurons whose response directions did not follow the rotation but remained constant relative to the environment; both categories are produced by a single manipulation, and 'were considered to represent' marks where the operation ends and the interpretation begins Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. the third group - THE LARGEST, AND UNNAMED: 12 of the 32 rotated neurons had their responses reversibly extinguished, against 11 egocentric and 9 allocentric, so the plurality of the sample falls outside the dichotomy that the key words carry Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. builds-on → O'Keefe and Conway, 1978 (rat hippocampus) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. replicates → Creutzfeldt, 1990; Vidyasagar et al., 1991 (hippocampal neurons activated by human actions) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. extends → Feigenbaum and Rolls (1991) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. egocentric —contrasted-with→ allocentric egocentric allocentric differs in: whether the response direction followed the rotated monkey or stayed fixed to the environment · strength of the relation: 1 Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. ANOVA ANOVA Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. p-value p-value Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. chi-squared chi-squared Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. standard error of the mean standard error of the mean Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Only about one in ten hippocampal-formation neurons recorded (106 of 1,047) responded preferentially to stimuli coming from one or more particular directions. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Of the 106 direction-sensitive neurons, 49 responded to vision only, 35 to audition only, and 22 to both modalities. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Visually driven neurons preferred stimuli from the right anterior direction whereas auditory ones preferred stimuli from behind the monkey. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Moving the experimental apparatus, which the monkey could see, altered the responses of 36 of the 59 neurons tested that way. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. For 24 of the affected neurons the preferred direction stayed the same but the response in that direction was strongly weakened or reversibly abolished. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Rotating the monkey showed that 11 neurons carried their preferred direction with the animal, making them egocentric. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Nine neurons kept their preferred direction anchored to the room rather than to the animal, making them allocentric. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Twelve further neurons lost their directional selectivity altogether while the monkey was rotated, and regained it afterwards. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Response size depended on exactly where the visible apparatus stood, not merely on whether it was visible at all. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Stimulus-selective auditory neurons responded to complex experimenter-produced sounds - footsteps, a chair moving, a door opening, a data recorder being switched, board tapping and paper crumpling - rather than to pure tones. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Direction-sensitive neurons were found along the whole rostrocaudal axis of the hippocampal formation but were concentrated caudally. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Eye position and eye movement did not account for the visual responses of most of these neurons. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. In the 22 bimodal neurons the visual and auditory preferred directions coincided in only half of the cells (11 of 22). Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The subicular complex held a higher share of neurons whose directional responsiveness changed when the apparatus moved (8 of 10) than the dentate gyrus, CA3 or CA1, which were split roughly evenly. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. directionally differentiating responsiveness directionally differentiating responsiveness Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. background stimuli background stimuli Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. egocentric neurons egocentric neurons Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. allocentric neurons allocentric neurons Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. selective group selective group Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. neuronal response neuronal response Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. intensity of computer-synthesized sounds intensity of computer-synthesized sounds Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 106 (10.1%) — number and share of the 1,047 recorded neurons that showed direction-dependent responses Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 36 of 59 — neurons whose responsiveness changed when the experimental apparatus was moved Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 11 — egocentric neurons whose preferred direction followed the rotated monkey Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. nine — allocentric neurons whose preferred direction stayed fixed to the room Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 12 — neurons whose directional responsiveness disappeared reversibly during rotation Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. n = 42 — neurons classed as stimulus-selective among the 81 tested with more than ten stimuli Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. about 80 dB — intensity at which computer-synthesized sounds were presented Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution.

The full text of this article is not redistributable, so it is not included here. The evidence sentences are withheld with it; the tag layer and its grounding status remain. The article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1002/hipo.450020309.