Functional organization of mouse auditory cortex in response to stimulus complexity and brain state

Functional organization of mouse auditory cortex in response to stimulus complexity and brain state Afrashteh Jafari Sun Kyweriga Mohajerani

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Functional organization of mouse auditory cortex in response to stimulus complexity and brain state 2022 10.1101/2022.08.11.503675 afrashteh2022-functional-organization-of-mouse-a afrashteh2022-functional-organization-of-mouse-a.txt, the project's staged copy 9df9b24ef0fc8242b85a5ccb35ac3b15a2e82593 open-access neuroscience

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0 spans located by searching the stored text for the quote's exact words, allowing any whitespace between them existence Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. tonotopic and FM-sweep-rate maps in mouse auditory cortex Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. calcium-imaging calcium-imaging Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms Isoflurane reduces cochlear blood flow, blocks acetylcholine receptors and enhances GABA-gated currents, which raises medial olivocochlear efferent inhibition and so depresses auditory sensitivity in the anesthetized state Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms Behaviourally relevant high frequencies are over-represented in the mouse auditory cortex because the mouse hearing range extends much further upward, which is why the newly found regions are all high-frequency ones Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Imaging was confined to the right auditory cortex, so lateralization of vocal processing could not be assessed. what this limits: any lateralisation claim: A CRANIOTOMY WAS MADE ONLY OVER THE RIGHT AC Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Isoflurane was used as a model of the sleeping brain, and whether the state effects are anaesthetic or sleep-related is unresolved. what this limits: the sleep interpretation of the state effects: REPLICATION OF OUR FINDINGS DURING NATURAL SLEEP WILL CLARIFY WHETHER CHANGES IN HEARING SENSITIVITY RESULT FROM USING ISOFLURANE OR ARE ASSOCIATED WITH SLEEP PROCESSES Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The comparison of natural sleep against awake and anaesthetized states is left to future work. what this limits: the same scope as limitations[1]: THE IMPACT OF SLEEP COMPARED TO ANESTHETIZED AND AWAKE STATES SHOULD BE STUDIED IN THE FUTURE Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The map of this cortex has been revised repeatedly, and the paper attributes the revisions to advances in technique rather than to new anatomy. what this limits: any area label in the mouse auditory cortex literature: the paper states the tonotopic organisation of the belt area has been significantly updated as neuroimaging and recording advanced Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. An area in the classical map is reported as dissolvable into parts of two others, on the evidence of one technique. what this limits: the UF area as a unit in the mouse auditory map: electrophysiological measurements are reported as suggesting it should be considered subparts of AAF and AI Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The tonotopic map rests on a per-frequency threshold identified by the experimenters. what this limits: the tonotopic maps in this paper: for each frequency a threshold level was identified and used to determine the map Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The paper's own account of why the map keeps changing is an account of instruments, not of findings - decades of technological advancement producing significant updates to the organisation. On that account the current map is the current technique's map, and the paper is adding a fourth. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. a deliberately LARGE craniotomy, 3 to 4 mm across, over the auditory cortical regions eliminates: that the map is shaped by the size of the recording window rather than by the cortex - a small window would truncate the functional organisation being measured · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. responsive pixels were identified first and used to exclude the unresponsive ones from analysis eliminates: that unresponsive pixels dilute the signal and flatten the functional map · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. tonotopic organization tonotopic organization Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. UF UF Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AI AI Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. auditory cortex auditory cortex Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AI (primary auditory cortex) - AS ONE AREA in the classical map, versus as an area containing TWO high-frequency regions, which is what optical calcium imaging reported Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AI (primary auditory cortex) - AND AS SPLIT DIFFERENTLY AGAIN by a third technique: flavoprotein autofluorescence with anatomy makes the dorsal high-frequency part a discrete region Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AI (primary auditory cortex) - AND AS PART OF A WHOLLY NEW LAYOUT: widefield calcium imaging in awake mice is reported as introducing a new layout for auditory cortex Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. revision of the map - attributed by the paper to TECHNIQUE rather than to anatomy: 'technological advancements in neuroimaging and recording have led to significant updates in the tonotopic organization of the belt area' Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. contradicts → Issa et al. (2017), which reported no difference between upward and downward FM sweep maps Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. extends → Issa et al. (2017), whose imaging window was too small to resolve map borders Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. extends → Romero et al. (2020), whose VPAF is placed differently Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. builds-on → Issa et al. (2014) landmark-registration procedure Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. UF —part-of→ AI UF AI differs in: WHICH TECHNIQUE IS ASKED. 'ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS suggest the UF area should be considered as SUBPARTS of the AAF and AI' - so on that instrument UF is not an area at all but pieces of two others. The record already carries THREE readings of AI as senses, one per technique: optical calcium imaging splits it into two high-frequency regions, flavoprotein autofluorescence makes the dorsal part discrete, widefield imaging introduces a new layout entirely · strength of the relation: 0.7 · note: AN AREA THAT DISSOLVES INTO PARTS OF TWO OTHERS DEPENDING ON THE METHOD. The boundary is not a fact the techniques disagree about - each technique constitutes a different partition, and all of them are current. Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but measurements 'suggest' UF should be considered subparts of AAF and AI; hedged. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Kruskal-Wallis test Kruskal-Wallis test Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. chi-squared goodness-of-fit test chi-squared goodness-of-fit test Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. bootstrap bootstrap Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Wilcoxon rank-sum test Wilcoxon rank-sum test Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. p-value p-value Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. standard error of the mean standard error of the mean Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. regression regression Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. coefficient of determination coefficient of determination Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. explained variance explained variance Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. singular value decomposition singular value decomposition Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. standard deviation standard deviation Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The newly identified auditory cortex regions responded mainly to higher frequencies and lay in dorsal and caudal auditory cortex. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Apart from a few sparse pixels, tonotopic maps were similar over time and between animals. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. High-frequency responses in AI-H and UF were larger in awake than in anesthetized mice. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Under anesthesia the cortical area encoding slow FM sweep rates expanded and the area encoding fast sweep rates shrank across AAF, DA and UF. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Contrary to an earlier report of no difference, upward and downward FM sweep maps do differ: the slow-rate centre in AI sits about 350 micrometres more rostral for downward sweeps. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Ultrasonic vocalizations drove stronger responses than pure tones specifically in the regions tuned to fast FM sweep rates (AII, DP, PAF, VPAF and a zone between UF and AAF), and not in the high-frequency tonotopic regions. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Best frequency changes with distance along a tonotopic gradient as a sigmoid: middle frequencies change steeply over a short stretch of cortex while low and high frequencies occupy longer stretches. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. EVIDENCE CORRECTED (RE-GROUNDED - THE POINTER WAS WRONG, NOT THE CLAIM) · Tonotopic maps were almost identical for averaging windows from 100 ms to 1000 ms after tone onset. EVIDENCE CORRECTED: RE-GROUNDED - THE POINTER WAS WRONG, NOT THE CLAIM. The old evidence was verbatim, anchored and correctly cut, and it contained NONE of this claim's numbers (100, 1000). The paper states the claim in one sentence elsewhere and the tagger did not use it. the project, 2026-08-23: 'WE HAVE SPENT THE DAY VERIFYING THAT QUOTES ARE REAL AND NONE OF IT ASKS WHETHER THEY ARE RELEVANT.' Confirmed by reading the claim, the old span and the candidate together; the candidate carries every number AND the claim's own content words. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. A window larger than 2 mm in each axis is needed to include every region of the tonotopic organisation. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. core auditory area core auditory area Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. belt auditory region belt auditory region Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. tonotopic organization tonotopic organization Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. frequency sweep rate frequency sweep rate Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. V/T ratio V/T ratio Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. responsive pixel responsive pixel Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. tone frequency and sound pressure level tone frequency and sound pressure level Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. best frequency best frequency Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. pixel responsiveness pixel responsiveness Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. body temperature body temperature Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. sound pressure level sound pressure level Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. frequency coverage frequency coverage Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. sweep direction sweep direction Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. sweep duration sweep duration Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 12 and 6 — Number of mice recorded awake and anesthetized respectively Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. R2 > 0.93 and 0.90 — Adjusted R-squared of the linear fit to the inverse-sigmoid frequency-distance relation, awake and anesthetized Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. R2 > 0.95 and 0.87 — Fit quality of the inverse-sigmoid function for the FM sweep-rate/distance relation, awake and anesthetized Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 1.36 and 1.51 — Median vocalization-to-tone response ratio in the USV-favouring pixels, awake and anesthetized Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 2 mm and 1.9 mm — Extent of the auditory cortex tonotopic map along the rostral-caudal and dorsal-ventral axes Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AI-L p = 0.0054, AI-H p = 0.0171, AAF-L p = 0.0181, UF p = 0.0216, DP p = 0.0165 — Median p-values for the five regions whose best frequency differed between awake and anesthetized maps about this quote: THE QUOTE CONTINUES A SENTENCE THAT THIS COPY CUTS IN TWO - a bioRxiv watermark stands between it and the words it follows, which read 'the high-frequency regions of AI, UF,'. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 350 µm — Rostral shift of the AI slow-sweep-rate landmark in the downward compared with the upward FM map Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 25 times — Repetitions of each frequency-SPL pair per imaging session Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 33.3ms (30 Hz) — Temporal resolution / frame rate of the wide-field calcium imaging Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution.

The full text of this article is not redistributable, so it is not included here. The evidence sentences are withheld with it; the tag layer and its grounding status remain. The article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.08.11.503675.