Critical Appraisal of Evidence in Medical Education: A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches, Evidence Types, and Appraisal Frameworks

Critical Appraisal of Evidence in Medical Education: A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches, Evidence Types, and Appraisal Frameworks Ersin Akpınar

Tag layer of the DHSS Meta-Tagging Project. The article text is reproduced from the staged copy named in sourceDesc and is not altered; the tags are held separately in standOff so that overlapping and nested spans are preserved.

Critical Appraisal of Evidence in Medical Education: A Systematic Review of Methodological Approaches, Evidence Types, and Appraisal Frameworks 2025 Dogu Akdeniz Aile Hekimleri Dernegi (DAAHED) 10.64514/vmsjournal.2025.13 akp-nar2025-critical-appraisal-of-evidence-in akp-nar2025-critical-appraisal-of-evidence-in.txt, the project's staged copy 1da6aee5dfcb1bd9ea348fc955cfef8b8cff6e83 open-access medical-education

the paper's own words

the tag layer; a sentence written by the tagger about the paper, always anchored to a quotation but not itself a quotation

0 spans located by searching the stored text for the quote's exact words, allowing any whitespace between them method Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. critical appraisal of evidence in medical education Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. systematic-review systematic-review Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms Educational interventions sit inside complex social systems, which blocks causal attribution and so makes biomedical evidence hierarchies inapplicable. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms Absent an explicit theoretical frame, a study stays descriptive, which drains its explanatory power and stops findings accumulating across the field. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Restricted to English-language publications and excluded grey literature. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The narrative synthesis approach may introduce interpretive bias. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The review's whole object is the import of evidence-based medicine's appraisal principles and evidence hierarchies into medical education, an import it judges conceptually and methodologically problematic and then reworks into an education-specific matrix. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. editorials without methodological content and purely clinical studies excluded before appraisal eliminates: an appraisal of evidence quality carried out on documents that make no methodological claim · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Of 1,246 records retrieved by the database search, 84 studies met the inclusion criteria. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Evidence in medical education research falls into four types: quantitative, qualitative, mixed-methods, and design-based research. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Biomedical evidence hierarchies imported into medical education failed to capture educational relevance and contextual complexity. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. BEME, MERSQI, CASP and realist review frameworks were the appraisal tools most often cited, but they were applied inconsistently across the included studies. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Randomised controlled trials were frequently impractical or educationally reductive in education settings, while qualitative and theory-driven studies were undervalued despite being methodologically rigorous. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Theory is underused throughout the reviewed medical education research and appraisal literature. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The review develops an integrative appraisal matrix from the synthesised literature. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The proposed matrix scores studies on six domains - relevance, methodological rigor, theoretical grounding, outcomes meaningfulness, context, and impact - instead of reducing quality to one number. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. transferability transferability Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. context context about this quote: THE QUOTE STOPS WHERE THE EXTRACTED TEXT GOES OUT OF ORDER: the words that follow it in the extraction ('review educational reinforces that generalizability …') belong to another line of the page, so the sentence cannot be completed from this copy. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 1,246 — records returned by the database search before de-duplication and screening Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 84 — studies that met the inclusion criteria and were synthesised Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 2000 and 2024 — publication window for eligible studies in the four databases searched Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution.

The full text of this article is not redistributable, so it is not included here. The evidence sentences are withheld with it; the tag layer and its grounding status remain. The article itself is at https://doi.org/10.64514/vmsjournal.2025.13.