Architecture and organization of mouse posterior parietal cortex relative to extrastriate areas

Hovde, Gianatti, Witter, Whitlock · bioRxiv · 2018 · neuroscience · 10.1101/361832 · record hovde2018-architecture-and-organization-of-m
tag layer · index · concepts · authors · עברית
Where this record's text came from. faceted 2026-08 by reading the locally held text (pdftext); every evidence string verified as an exact substring of that text before merging. method: none of the suggested method vocabulary terms fits an interventional tract-tracing anatomy study (it is neither behavioural, imaging-of-humans, electrophysiology, simulation, review nor observational), so 'anatomical-tract-tracing' was coined; flagging it so the corpus owner can normalise it. Claim type set to method on the strength of the stated aim to 'provide a resource for identifying mouse PPC'; the paper's descriptive results (thalamic and reciprocal cortico-cortical connections, PPC-to-higher-visual-area topography) are existence-shaped, and the abstract's closing sentence ('These combined approaches provide a coherent definition of mouse PPC...') sits between the two. This is a bioRxiv preprint whose own header states it was not certified by peer review, which is part of why replication status is untested. 2026-08-14, 2026-08-17 and 2026-08-25 schema-0.3 passes: every quote verified as an exact substring of the staged text and anchored at merge time; concept terms verified present; every edge endpoint an existing node.
How to read this page. The article itself is not reproduced here — this paper is not cleared for redistribution, so what follows is the tag layer alone. The evidence sentences are withheld with the article. The table at the foot lists every tag the record carries; each row names the facet it belongs to, and the whose words column says whether the tag records the paper's own wording or the tagger's sentence about the paper. Every tag links to each other paper in the corpus carrying it. The machine-readable edition of the same thing is the TEI file beside this one, where the tags live in standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.

Tags on this paper

Every tag the record carries, each linking to every other paper in the corpus that carries it. A tag appears here whether or not its words occur in the article — the spans below are only the ones a sentence in this paper licenses. Of the 5 concept tags on this paper, all 5 are grounded in a quoted sentence.
mouse PPC nomenclatures cytoarchitectural and laminar criteria chemoarchitectural profile labeling methodologies A WIDELY USED REGION NAME IS REPORTED TO HAVE NO COHERENT DEFINITION, AND THE COST IS NAMED: despite the popularity of the animal for studying the region there is LITTLE CONSENSUS ON A COHERENT ANATOMICAL DEFINITION, WHICH IS PROBLEMATIC BECAUSE IT COMPLICATES THE INTERPRETATION OF THE WEALTH OF NEW DATA. The missing definition is treated as a defect in the literature's ability to read its own results THE PARTS THAT ARE ILL-DEFINED ARE ENUMERATED RATHER THAN GESTURED AT: what remains ILL-DEFINED is named as the BOUNDARIES which distinguish it from neighbouring areas, its LAMINAR ORGANIZATION and its CHEMOARCHITECTURAL PROFILE - three specific things, each of which a definition would have to fix IN THE ABSENCE OF A DEFINITION, PRACTICE SUBSTITUTES TWO PROXIES, AND BOTH ARE NAMED: targeting has relied EITHER on functional mapping of the areas around the region OR on stereotactic coordinates followed by POST-HOC HISTOLOGICAL COMPARISON to one of SEVERAL REFERENCE ATLASES. Where the definition is missing, the coordinates and the atlas stand in for it AND THE PROXIES ARE CONSISTENT WITHIN A STUDY AND INCOMPARABLE ACROSS STUDIES, FOR A STATED REASON: these conventions MAY YIELD CONSISTENT RECORDING LOCATIONS WITHIN A STUDY, BUT HAMPER THE COMPARISON of the region ACROSS STUDIES, SINCE THEY ARE BASED ON DIFFERENT LABELING METHODOLOGIES AND UNRELATED NOMENCLATURES. Reliability inside a lab and incommensurability between labs, traced to the naming systems themselves THE CONTRIBUTION IS EXPLICITLY A RECONCILIATION OF NOMENCLATURES, NOT A NEW FINDING: the paper states that it RECONCILED WIDELY USED BUT DISPARATE NOMENCLATURES referring to the region VERSUS the areas around it - two naming systems, each with its own literature, mapped onto one another THE NEW DEFINITION IS ASSEMBLED FROM FOUR INDEPENDENT KINDS OF EVIDENCE, AND THE LIST IS THE DEFINITION: the combined approaches are said to provide A COHERENT DEFINITION that INCORPORATES laminar architecture, extrastriate projections, thalamic connections and cortico-cortical connections. Nothing here is a criterion on its own; the definition is the conjunction THE DEFINING CRITERIA ARE STAINS - THE DEFINITION IS OPERATIONALISED BY REAGENTS: the region is delineated using CYTOARCHITECTURAL AND LAMINAR CRITERIA obtained from Nissl-, parvalbumin- and type-2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor-immunostained sections. What the term picks out is fixed by what three stains show AND ONE STATED AIM IS THAT THE CRITERIA BE AVAILABLE TO EVERYONE: the study aims to provide A RESOURCE for identifying the region with anatomical criteria THAT ARE EVIDENT USING UBIQUITOUS STAINING METHODS, SUCH AS A NISSL STAIN. A definition is chosen partly for the commonness of the equipment needed to apply it WHEN THE ANATOMY OFFERS NO LANDMARKS, FUNCTION IS BORROWED TO SERVE AS ONE: since the dorsal cortical surface in rodents LACKS GROSS ANATOMICAL LANDMARKS, the pattern of responses in the surrounding areas has provided INCREASINGLY-USED FUNCTIONAL LANDMARKS for locating higher visual and associative regions. A location is fixed by what a region DOES because there is nothing to see AND THE BORROWED METHOD CARRIES ITS OWN PRECONDITION, WHICH IS STATED: functional mapping of that kind is NOT FEASIBLE IN THE ABSENCE OF a broadly expressed calcium indicator or intrinsic optical imaging - so the substitute for the missing definition is itself unavailable to laboratories without those tools THE TWO NAMING SYSTEMS ARE FOUND TO OVERLAP PARTIALLY, NOT CLEANLY, AND THE PATTERN IS REPORTED PIECE BY PIECE: the anterior pole of the region DOES NOT OVERLAP with any of the neighbouring areas, the posterior sectors OVERLAP PARTLY with two of them, and its most lateral and posterior extent LARGELY OVERLAPPED with a third. Neither vocabulary's units nest inside the other's A NAME IS SHOWN TO ASSERT SOMETHING ITS OWN EVIDENCE COMPLICATES: these areas ARE REFERRED TO AS EXTRASTRIATE, IMPLYING A PRIMACY OF VISUAL PROCESSING - THOUGH they OVERLAP CONSIDERABLY with a region the paper characterises as cognitive. The label's morphology makes a claim about what the territory is for, and the overlap is the counter-evidence coherent anatomical definition flat maps observation
Method, as described: anatomical-tract-tracing

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relation to other workclaim_relationshow this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies
claim typeclaim_typethe shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null
concept edgeconcept_edgesan asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it
conceptconceptsan idea the paper works with, quoted where the paper uses it
content tagcontent_tagsa finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper
controlcontrolsan experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation
limitationlimitationswhat the paper says its evidence cannot support
mechanismmechanismshow the reported effect is said to come about
methodmethodhow the paper produced its evidence
phenomenonphenomenonthe effect or regularity under study
sensesensesa distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it

The paper

The full text is not reproduced here. This article is not cleared for redistribution, so the page carries the tag layer only. Its evidence sentences are withheld; the grounding status remains with each tag, and the article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1101/361832. The reading view exists for the papers whose licence permits it.

Every tag on this page

claim_relations 3 · claim_type 1 · concept_edges 1 · concepts 5 · content_tags 22 · controls 1 · limitations 6 · mechanisms 12 · method 1 · phenomenon 1 · senses 3

Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 1 relation here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.

facettagfieldconf.whose words
claim_typemethod
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claim_typethe paper's words
phenomenonmouse posterior parietal cortex delineation and connectivity
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phenomenonthe paper's words
methodobservation
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also in: observation
methodthe paper's words
mechanismsmechanisms
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
mechanisms[0]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
mechanisms[1]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
mechanisms[2]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
mechanisms[3]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
mechanisms[4]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
mechanisms[5]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
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mechanisms[6]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
mechanisms[7]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
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about this quote: The span contains 'increasinglyused' for 'increasingly-used' - a LOST-HYPHEN FUSION, damage shape 10. A line-break hyphen was dropped by the extraction and the halves fused. The quote is an exact substring and anchors correctly; the damage is in what a reader of the tag sees. None of the four shapes an internal tool looks for covers this, so it is annotated by hand.
mechanisms[8]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
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mechanisms[9]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
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mechanisms[10]0.95the tagger's words
mechanismsmechanisms
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about this quote: TRIMMED, not re-sliced: the sentence continues "...navigational and movement-related functions that can be expressed independently of visual input", which is the sharper half of the point - but the bioRxiv WATERMARK is spliced into the citation list mid-sentence ("cognitive (Harvey et al., 2012; 14 bioRxiv preprint ... doi: a ; Morcos & Harvey, 2016"), so no contiguous span reaches it. The tag claims only what the quote carries.
mechanisms[11]0.85the tagger's words
limitationsWhere associative, motor and sensory inputs are integrated synaptically inside PPC, and whether modality-specific topographies exist there, remain unmapped.
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
what this limits: any functional claim about integration in mouse PPC: IT REMAINS TO BE MAPPED MORE FULLY WHERE THE INPUTS FROM ASSOCIATIVE, MOTOR, AND SENSORY AREAS ARE INTEGRATED SYNAPTICALLY WITHIN PPC, AND WHETHER GRADED TOPOGRAPHIES EXIST FOR DIFFERENT SENSORY MODALITIES
limitations[0]the tagger's words
limitationsThe mapping was done only against extrastriate visual projections; equivalent mapping against somatosensory, auditory or motor inputs was not performed.
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what this limits: the reference frame the mapping used: THE PRESENT STUDY FOCUSED ON CHARACTERIZING PPC RELATIVE TO EXTRASTRIATE PROJECTIONS, and comparable mapping against somatosensory, auditory or motor inputs was not done
limitations[1]the tagger's words
limitationsAntibody cross-reactivity between M2-receptor staining and BDA tracer labelling was observed and had to be controlled for post hoc.
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what this limits: the M2-receptor labelling in BDA-injected tissue: WE NOTED CROSS-REACTIVITY BETWEEN ANTIBODIES AGAINST M2-RECEPTORS AND BDA LABELING, controlled by comparison with tissue WITHOUT BDA INJECTIONS
limitations[2]the tagger's words
limitationsExisting targeting strategies are consistent inside a study and incomparable between studies.
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
what this limits: any comparison of PPC results across laboratories: the authors state that existing strategies may yield consistent recording locations within a study but hamper comparison across studies, because they rest on different labeling methodologies and unrelated nomenclatures
limitations[3]1.0the tagger's words
limitationsThe boundaries that distinguish the area from its neighbours are stated to remain ill-defined.
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
what this limits: any claim about the extent of mouse PPC: the boundaries distinguishing it from neighbouring areas, its laminar organization and its chemoarchitectural profile are said to remain ill-defined
limitations[4]1.0the tagger's words
limitationsThe criteria for defining the area are stated not to have been established before this paper.
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what this limits: any use of mouse PPC as a defined region before 2018: the authors state that the laminar, cytoarchitectonic and chemoarchitectonic criteria they describe have not, to their knowledge, been established previously
limitations[5]1.0the tagger's words
controlsthe MAChR2 labelling pattern was checked against staining in other sections after cross-reactivity was noticed between the M2 antibody and the BDA tracer
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eliminates: that the labelling attributed to M2 receptors is the tracer showing through - a known cross-reactivity, noticed and then bounded rather than ignored · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held
controls[0]0.95the tagger's words
conceptsmouse PPC
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
also in: mouse PPC
concepts[0]the paper's words
conceptsnomenclatures
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also in: nomenclatures
concepts[1]the paper's words
conceptscytoarchitectural and laminar criteria
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
concepts[2]the paper's words
conceptschemoarchitectural profile
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
concepts[3]the paper's words
conceptslabeling methodologies
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concepts[4]the paper's words
sensesmouse PPC - A REGION IN ROUTINE USE WITHOUT ESTABLISHED CRITERIA: the boundaries distinguishing it from neighbouring areas are said to remain ill-defined, and the criteria this paper supplies are said not to have been established previously, so experiments had been targeting a region whose extent each laboratory fixed for itself
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
senses[0]1.0the tagger's words
sensescomparability, here - PRESENT WITHIN A STUDY AND ABSENT ACROSS THEM: the same targeting strategies give consistent recording locations inside one study while hampering comparison between studies, because the studies rest on different labeling methodologies and unrelated nomenclatures - so a PPC result is reproducible where it was made and unjoinable elsewhere
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
senses[1]1.0the tagger's words
sensesthe delineation - THREE STAINS AND A LAMINAR READING: PPC is delineated using cytoarchitectural and laminar criteria from Nissl, parvalbumin and M2 muscarinic receptor immunostaining, so the region's extent is defined by what those particular stains show
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
senses[2]1.0the tagger's words
claim_relationsbuilds-on → Montero (1993) and Wang & Burkhalter (2007) extrastriate area maps
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claim_relations[0]the tagger's words
claim_relationsextends → Wang & Burkhalter (2007), V1 projection mapping
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claim_relations[1]the tagger's words
claim_relationsreplicates → Wang & Burkhalter (2007), topography of V1 projections to LM and AL
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
claim_relations[2]the tagger's words
concept_edgesmouse PPC —operationalised-as→ cytoarchitectural and laminar criteria
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strength of the relation: 1
concept_edges[0]the tagger's words
content_tagsMedial PPC is marked out from its neighbours by a drop in parvalbumin staining in both cell bodies and neuropil, against dense PV staining in adjacent retrosplenial and somatosensory cortex.
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content_tags.findings[0]the tagger's words
content_tagsA sharp fall in M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor staining in superficial layers marks the border between agranular retrosplenial cortex and medial PPC.
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content_tags.findings[1]the tagger's words
content_tagsThe appearance of V1, marked by strong M2AChR staining, is the best indicator that a coronal section lies caudal to all PPC subfields.
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content_tags.findings[2]the tagger's words
content_tagsThe anterior pole of PPC overlaps no extrastriate area, its posterior sectors partly overlap areas A and AM, and its lateral-posterior part PtP largely overlaps area RL.
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content_tags.findings[3]the tagger's words
content_tagsAt -1.91mm from bregma all labelled fibres of extrastriate area A fall inside lateral PPC, with no extrastriate label in medial PPC.
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content_tags.findings[4]the tagger's words
content_tagsAnterograde injections confined to PPC label the associative thalamic nuclei LP, Po and, more anteriorly, LD.
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content_tags.findings[5]the tagger's words
content_tagsPPC thalamic output was specific to associative nuclei, sparing the adjacent primary relay nuclei DLG (visual) and VPM (somatosensory).
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content_tags.findings[6]the tagger's words
content_tagsParietal output to frontal cortex is coarsely topographic: medial PPC projects to cingulate cortex and lateral PPC to secondary motor cortex.
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content_tags.findings[7]the tagger's words
content_tagsMonosynaptic rabies tracing showed PPC receives input from every cortical area to which it sends anterograde label, so all these cortical connections are reciprocal.
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content_tags.findings[8]the tagger's words
content_tagsPPC's densest cortical projections go to extrastriate areas AM/V2M and AL/V2L, with AM/V2M showing a medial-to-lateral topography matching the injection sites and AL/V2L sometimes showing a mirrored order.
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content_tags.findings[9]the tagger's words
content_tagsV1 projects most strongly to the lateromedial field immediately lateral to it and to the laterointermediate field beyond that.
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
content_tags.findings[10]the tagger's words
content_tagscoherent anatomical definition
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content_tags.definitions[0]the tagger's words
content_tagsflat maps
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about this quote: QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted.
also in: flat maps
content_tags.definitions[1]the tagger's words
content_tags24 — total number of adult C57BL/6JBomTac mice used in the study
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content_tags.quantities[0]the tagger's words
content_tags600µm — anterior-to-posterior extent of mouse PPC between somatosensory and visual cortices
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content_tags.quantities[1]the tagger's words
content_tags-1.55mm — bregma level at which medial PPC first appears in coronal sections
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
content_tags.quantities[2]the tagger's words
content_tags-1.91mm — bregma level at which all labelled fibres of extrastriate area A lie within lateral PPC
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
content_tags.quantities[3]the tagger's words
content_tags0.37mm / 1.25mm / -1.90mm — spacing between the three PPC injections and their starting mediolateral and anteroposterior stereotaxic coordinates
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
content_tags.quantities[4]the tagger's words
content_tags12 days / 230nl / 11 days — interval between helper virus and rabies injection, rabies volume, and survival time before perfusion
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content_tags.quantities[5]the tagger's words
content_tagseight / two — number of mice receiving bilateral versus unilateral V1 tracer injections
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content_tags.quantities[6]the tagger's words
content_tagsn = 4 — number of mice used for monosynaptic rabies retrograde tracing from PPC
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content_tags.quantities[7]the tagger's words
content_tags40µm — thickness of the coronal sections, cut in three equally spaced series
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content_tags.quantities[8]the tagger's words

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