Repetition Priming and Automaticity: Common Underlying Mechanisms?

Repetition Priming and Automaticity: Common Underlying Mechanisms? Gordon D. Logan

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Repetition Priming and Automaticity: Common Underlying Mechanisms? 1990 Cognitive Psychology 10.1016/0010-0285(90)90002-L logan1990-automaticity logan1990-automaticity.txt, the project's staged copy 4629aceb5b08b3e3f59b988df59012f877989b53 personal-copy cognitive-psychology

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0 spans located by searching the stored text for the quote's exact words, allowing any whitespace between them mechanism Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. repetition priming and automaticity Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. behavioural-experiment behavioural-experiment Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mechanisms instance theory of automaticity: each encounter with an item stores a memory trace, and with practice performance shifts from a slow general algorithm to fast direct retrieval of stored instances (unifying automaticity and repetition priming) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. error data were not analyzed because the theories at issue do not address them Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The transfer effects of Experiment 3 were small and not strongly supported statistically. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Alternative learning functions such as exponentials or hyperbolics were never tested against the power-function fits. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. The data cannot decide between a declarative and a procedural interpretation of the memory underlying the effect. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. Item specificity does not discriminate the instance theory from rival accounts. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. a control condition in which subjects saw a NEW set of 10 words and 10 nonwords for the same 16 blocks eliminates: that improvement across blocks is general practice at the task rather than item-specific automaticity · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. the assignment of keys to yes and no responses was counterbalanced within each group eliminates: that the effect is a motor or hand preference rather than a decision effect · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. repetition priming repetition priming Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. automaticity automaticity Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. instance theory instance theory Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. power function power function Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. TWO LITERATURES STUDYING ONE THING AT DIFFERENT DOSES, AND THE DOSE IS WHY THEY NEVER MET: students of memory investigate `one or two stimulus exposures`; students of attention investigate `several hundred`. Memory calls it repetition priming; attention calls it automaticity. `Quotation withheld.` The fourth record today about one name covering two things - and the first running the other way: forster-davis1984, tulving1990 and was2019 each SPLIT a term the field used as one, and Logan JOINS two the field used as separate Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AND THE CLAIM IS MADE FALSIFIABLE BEFORE IT IS TESTED, BY NAMING THREE PROPERTIES THAT WOULD HAVE TO MATCH: `The main empirical question asked in this article is whether automaticity and repetition priming share three characteristics: (1) Power-Function Speed-Up ... (2) Item Specificity ... (3) Associative Basis.` Each is then phrased as a question - `Quotation withheld?` Three named tests, stated before the experiments, any one of which could have killed the claim. Same discipline as Schmidt2009's rapid-chase criteria, and rare enough in this corpus to be worth counting Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AND THE MECHANISM IS A STORAGE CLAIM, WHICH IS WHY ITEM-SPECIFICITY IS A PREDICTION AND NOT A FINDING: the common mechanism is `Quotation withheld.` If what is stored is a record of each encounter with a particular item, then benefit MUST be specific to that item - the second characteristic falls out of the theory rather than being observed alongside it. A theory that predicts one of its own tests is stronger than one that accommodates it Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. AND THE BRIDGE IS THE POINT, STATED AS THE ARTICLE'S PURPOSE: `Quotation withheld.` A paper whose contribution is a connection rather than a result - and for this corpus that is the interesting kind, because a citation graph shows that two literatures do not cite each other and cannot show that they should Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. contradicts → stimulus-to-response association accounts of automaticity Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. extends → instance theory (Logan, 1988) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. contradicts → Morton's (1969, 1979) logogen model and Balota and Chumbley's (1984) familiarity model differs in: THE PAPER MARKS THE PARAMETER WITH 'in that'. The span: 'The instance theory DIFFERS FROM the logogen model (Morton, 1969, 1979) and the familiarity model (Balota & Chumbley, 1984) in that it predicts an associative basis for repetition priming and automaticity whereas those models do N[OT].' The disagreement turns on whether repetition priming has an associative basis - stated, quotable, and absent from the edge until now. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. builds-on → the instance theory of automaticity developed in Logan (1988) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. extends → earlier multiple-repetition studies in the lexical decision task (Forbach, Stanners & Hochhaus, 1974; Scarborough et al., 1977; Logan, 1988) Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. repetition priming —part-of→ automaticity repetition priming automaticity strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: 'the first few steps on the way to' IS A CONTINUUM CLAIM AND 'part-of' IS THE CLOSEST THE VOCABULARY COMES. It is not that priming is a component of automaticity - it is the same process earlier on. 'same-as' would overstate (they differ in degree and in everything that follows from degree); 'is-a' is wrong; there is no 'earlier-stage-of' and this is the fifth thing today the enforced vocabulary cannot say,,, Weight 0.9 and 'Theoretically' is inside the quote - this is the article's thesis, and the three characteristics are the test of it. Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the span says repetition priming is VIEWED as the first steps on the way to automaticity; part-of is loose. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 3 — shared features of priming and automaticity Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. 15 — span of automaticity research reviewed Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. hundreds — attention studies use many exposures vs memory's one-two Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. priming and automaticity share a common instance-based mechanism Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. processing speed increases as a power function of exposures Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. the repetition benefit is specific to individual items Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. repetition priming is the first few steps toward automaticity about this quote: QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. number of exposures number of exposures Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. item specificity item specificity Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. repetition priming repetition priming Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. automaticity automaticity Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. lexical decision task lexical decision task Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. implicit memory implicit memory Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. explicit memory explicit memory Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. ANOVA ANOVA Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. correlation correlation Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. hypothesis-testing hypothesis-testing about this quote: QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. mean mean Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. p-value p-value Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. sample-size sample-size Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. standard-deviation standard-deviation about this quote: QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted. Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution. statistical-significance statistical-significance Quotation withheld because this record is not cleared for redistribution.

The full text of this article is not redistributable, so it is not included here. The evidence sentences are withheld with it; the tag layer and its grounding status remain. The article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(90)90002-L.