standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| second reading | alternatives | an independent re-reading of a facet, recorded whether or not it agrees |
| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| concept edge | concept_edges | an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it |
| concept | concepts | an idea the paper works with, quoted where the paper uses it |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| contribution | contribution | what the paper claims to add |
| control | controls | an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| object of study | object_of_study | what the paper is about — the thing it investigates |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| research question | research_question | the question the paper sets itself |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 2 relations here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| object_of_study | the nomenclature and minimal reporting requirements of extracellular vesicle research - the field's terms treated as the thing to be fixed Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | object_of_study | the paper's words | |
| research_question | which EV terms authors may use, given that the subtype names assert a biogenesis the available methods cannot establish Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | research_question | the paper's words | |
| contribution | the 2018 position statement: a definition of EV, an instruction to prefer OPERATIONAL terms over biogenesis ones, and a recorded 94% vote endorsing it Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | contribution | the paper's words | |
| claim_type | method Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | particles naturally released from the cell, delimited by a lipid bilayer, that cannot replicate - and whose subcellular origin cannot be read off the particle Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | expert-consensus Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: expert-consensus | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | THE ONLY INSTRUMENT THAT COULD SETTLE THE DEFINITION IS NAMED, AND IT IS NOT AN ASSAY ON THE SAMPLE: assigning an EV to a biogenesis pathway `remains extraordinarily difficult unless, e.g. the EV is caught in the act of release by live imaging techniques`. The defining property is a history and must be WATCHED, not measured Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | consensus has not emerged on specific markers of EV subtypes - endosome-origin `exosomes` and plasma-membrane-derived `ectosomes` - so the subtype names cannot be supported by any marker in routine use Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | THE FIELD'S OWN WORDS FOR ITS OWN TERMS: `exosome` and `microvesicle` are `historically burdened by both manifold, contradictory definitions and inaccurate expectations of unique biogenesis` Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | where the markers this document asks for do not exist, it says so and asks the field to develop them - `where such markers are not yet available, we encourage their development and publication` Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[2] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | the fallback if EV identity cannot be confirmed at all is to STOP CLAIMING IT: `other terms such as extracellular particle (EP) might be more appropriate` Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[3] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the nomenclature recommendation was put to the society's survey and the result printed with it - 94% endorsed, and the remainder split evenly between dissent and a preference for NO nomenclature recommendation at all Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: a committee's preference presented as the field's position, and it reports the shape of the dissent rather than only its size · outcome: held | controls[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| controls | whether a marker exists that would let an author keep using a biogenesis-based subtype name Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: nothing - consensus has not emerged on specific markers of EV subtypes, and the document says where such markers are not yet available it can only encourage their development · outcome: failed | controls[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| controls | authors who must use a burdened term anyway are required to define it clearly and prominently at the beginning of each publication Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: a paper inheriting one of the manifold contradictory definitions silently, so that a reader cannot tell which one is meant · outcome: absent-declared-unreported | controls[2] | 0.85 | the tagger's words |
| controls | if EV identity cannot be confirmed to the minimal requirements, the claim itself is withdrawn - 'extracellular particle' replaces 'extracellular vesicle' Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: a vesicular claim resting on a preparation that was never shown to contain vesicles · outcome: absent-declared-unreported | controls[3] | 0.85 | the tagger's words |
| concepts | extracellular vesicle Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: extracellular vesicle | concepts[0] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | operational terms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: operational terms | concepts[1] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | biogenesis pathway Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: biogenesis pathway | concepts[2] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | small EVs Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: small EVs | concepts[3] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | extracellular particle Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: extracellular particle | concepts[4] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | exosome Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: exosome | concepts[5] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | microvesicle Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: microvesicle | concepts[6] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| senses | extracellular vesicle, 2018 - `particles naturally released from the cell that are delimited by a lipid bilayer and cannot replicate`. THE WORD `naturally` OCCURS EXACTLY ONCE IN THIS DOCUMENT, here, and MISEV2023 minutes its removal `to avoid unintended exclusion of engineered EVs`. A category boundary edited in public, one word, five years apart, and both texts are now in this corpus Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| senses | operational term - a name that states what was MEASURED: size (sEV under 100 or 200 nm, m/lEV over 200 nm), density, biochemical composition, or cell of origin. THE FIELD RETREATS FROM A HISTORY TO A DIAMETER, with the ranges required to be stated Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| senses | exosome / microvesicle, 2018 - terms to be used IN THE PLACE OF NOTHING: the document asks authors to put operational terms `in the place of` these, and if that is unavoidable, to define them `clearly and prominently at the beginning of each publication`. A vocabulary conceding that its words carry no shared meaning Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| senses | extracellular particle (EP) - the honest fallback. Where EV identity cannot be confirmed to this document's minimal requirements, the claim of vesicularity is dropped rather than asserted weakly Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[3] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| senses | `exosome` / `microvesicle` - RETIRED BY A CONSORTIUM, AND THE STATED REASON IS TWO FAULTS AT ONCE: `terms such as exosome and microvesicle that are historically burdened by both manifold, contradictory definitions and inaccurate expectations of unique biogenesis.` The first fault is that the word means different things to different authors; the second is that it means something the experiment did not show. A name can be ambiguous without being presumptuous, and these are charged with both. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[4] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE REPLACEMENT IS A CHANGE OF KIND, NOT A CHANGE OF WORD: an ORIGIN-based vocabulary is swapped for a MEASUREMENT-based one. `operational terms for EV subtypes that refer to a) physical characteristics ... such as size (“small EVs” (sEVs) ...) or density ...; b) biochemical composition ...; or c) descriptions of conditions or cell of origin ... in the place of terms such as exosome and microvesicle`. Every replacement names something the experimenter can measure; the retired terms named where the vesicle came from. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[5] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| alternatives | claim_type: method Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading reaching the same value. Recorded: method — note: A BLIND second reading by the project on 2026-08-25: the record's own claim type/method/phenomenon were not looked at until every value here was written and substring-verified. Not applied - a person decides. Sampling frame: the 504 staged records carrying no alternatives block, so this never re-measures the 202. All 11 records with 130+ tags were taken as a census and 19 more spread one per discipline across 22 disciplines - the dense non-neuroscience cell is the one the 202 do not contain (inside them, 94-100% of the densest bands are neuroscience; among these 11, one is)., | alternatives.claim_type | 0.7 | the tagger's words |
| alternatives | method: consensus-guideline Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: expert-consensus — note: A BLIND second reading by the project on 2026-08-25: the record's own claim type/method/phenomenon were not looked at until every value here was written and substring-verified. Not applied - a person decides. Sampling frame: the 504 staged records carrying no alternatives block, so this never re-measures the 202. All 11 records with 130+ tags were taken as a census and 19 more spread one per discipline across 22 disciplines - the dense non-neuroscience cell is the one the 202 do not contain (inside them, 94-100% of the densest bands are neuroscience; among these 11, one is)., | alternatives.method | 0.85 | the tagger's words |
| alternatives | phenomenon: extracellular vesicles and the minimal information researchers must report when studying them Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: particles naturally released from the cell, delimited by a lipid bilayer, that cannot replicate - and whose subcellular — note: A BLIND second reading by the project on 2026-08-25: the record's own claim type/method/phenomenon were not looked at until every value here was written and substring-verified. Not applied - a person decides. Sampling frame: the 504 staged records carrying no alternatives block, so this never re-measures the 202. All 11 records with 130+ tags were taken as a census and 19 more spread one per discipline across 22 disciplines - the dense non-neuroscience cell is the one the 202 do not contain (inside them, 94-100% of the densest bands are neuroscience; among these 11, one is)., | alternatives.phenomenon | 0.85 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | critiques → 'exosome' and 'microvesicle' as category labels, on the ground that they are historically burdened by manifold, contradictory definitions and inaccurate expectations of unique biogenesis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | extends → MISEV2014, updated here - and itself updated by MISEV2023, which deletes the word 'naturally' from the definition below Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | critiques → assigning an EV to a biogenesis pathway from a preparation, since that assignment needs the vesicle caught in the act of release by live imaging Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[2] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | small EVs —contrasted-with→ exosome Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: The consortium proposes the first IN THE PLACE OF the second. Not 'same-as': the point of the recommendation is that 'small EVs' claims LESS than 'exosome' did, so they are not interchangeable.
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but authors are urged to use operational terms such as small EVs; contrasted-with is loose. | concept_edges[0] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | operational terms —contrasted-with→ exosome Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: The contrast is between two KINDS of name - operational versus biogenetic - and the paper draws it explicitly with 'in the place of'.
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the same span; contrasted-with is loose. also in: operational terms · exosome | concept_edges[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | assigning an EV to a biogenesis pathway remains extraordinarily difficult unless live imaging catches it being released Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the society's own verdict on its field's two most-used words: `exosome` and `microvesicle` are HISTORICALLY BURDENED BY MANIFOLD, CONTRADICTORY DEFINITIONS and inaccurate expectations of unique biogenesis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the recommended operational terms use physical characteristics such as size (sEV under 100 or 200 nm, m/lEV over 200 nm) or density Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[2] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 94% of survey respondents endorsed the nomenclature recommendation, and the remainder were split evenly between dissent and a preference for NO nomenclature recommendation at all Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[3] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | if EV identity cannot be confirmed to the minimal requirements, terms such as extracellular particle may be more appropriate Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[4] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | where the requested markers are not yet available, the document encourages their development and publication Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[5] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | particles naturally released from the cell that are delimited by a lipid bilayer and cannot replicate, i.e. do not contain a functional nucleus. THE WORD `naturally` IS DELETED IN MISEV2023 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: extracellular vesicle | content_tags.definitions[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | names referring to physical characteristics - size, with ranges defined, or density, or biochemical composition, or cell of origin Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: operational terms | content_tags.definitions[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | per cent of MISEV2018 survey respondents endorsed the nomenclature recommendation - the vote to stop using the field's own subtype names Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the size boundary between `small EVs` and `medium/large EVs`, with each range required to be stated by the authors who use the term Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Consensus Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Consensus | content_tags.statistics[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | size Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: size | content_tags.variables[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | density Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: density | content_tags.variables[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
Tags that could not be placed in the text:
What was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.