phenomenon · claim-type · cross-domain-transfer · mechanism · claim-relation · replication-status · limitation — grounded in the full text| phenomenon | choice-specific neuronal sequences in posterior parietal cortex— “When the activity patterns of all the choice-specific, task-modulated cells were ordered according to the time profile of their Ca 2+ transients, the active periods across cells were staggered relative to one another in time forming a sequence of neuronal activation covering the entire trial length ( Fig. 2c–d , Supplementary Fig. 7c ).” | |
| claim-type | existence— “Distinct sequences of neurons were triggered on trials with opposite behavioral choices and defined divergent, choice-specific trajectories through a state space of neuronal population activity.” | |
| method — evidence | — “Similar choice-specific, task-modulated activity patterns were observed in extracellular electrophysiological recordings ( Supplementary Figs. 10–11 ).” | |
| object of study — evidence | — “The posterior parietal cortex (PPC) plays an important role in many cognitive behaviors; however, the neural circuit dynamics underlying PPC function are not well understood.” | |
| research question — evidence | — “We explored whether PPC dynamics are best described in terms of cell classes or high-dimensional dynamics. During a navigation-based decision task the dynamics were high-dimensional: neurons were active in choice-specific sequences in which information moves from one neuronal population to another across time in the task; although the… | |
| contribution — evidence | — “During working memory decision tasks the PPC may therefore perform computations through sequence-based circuit dynamics, rather than long-lived stable states, implemented using anatomically intermingled microcircuits.” | |
| transfer | from dynamical systems and invertebrate neuroscience: the state-space trajectory view of population activity, taken explicitly from work on behavioural choice in the leech nervous system— “Our results motivate consideration of a conceptual framework for decision-making and working memory in which sensory information used for the decision activates a neuronal sequence of activity. The sequence begins in a choice-independent state, which could be mediated by neurons that are not choice-specific ( Supplementary Fig. 7b ), and then… | transfers[0] |
| transfer | from computational models of memory: feedforward architectures and liquid state machines, offered as possible implementations— “During working memory decision tasks the PPC may therefore perform computations through sequence-based circuit dynamics, rather than long-lived stable states, implemented using anatomically intermingled microcircuits.” | transfers[1] |
| mechanism | A decision is reached when the evolving activity sequence intersects one of the choice-specific trajectories in population state space— “A decision is proposed to be reached when the sequence of activity intersects a choice-specific trajectory; different decisions involve intersections with different trajectories.” | mechanisms[0] |
| mechanism | Growing state-space separation between the two choice trajectories over the trial progressively raises the barrier to reversing a decision— “Changing decisions would occur through transitions between trajectories, but as time progresses in the task, the state space distance between trajectories increases, in effect creating a larger barrier to change.” | mechanisms[1] |
| mechanism | The parietal cortex switches between sustained-activity and sequence-based dynamical regimes according to the spatiotemporal demands of the behavioral task— “A possible explanation for heterogeneity and sequences in our experiments versus stereotypy and low-dimensional dynamics, which have been emphasized in previous recordings and models of PPC activity 1 , 13 – 18 , 20 – 21 , is that the PPC adopts different dynamics depending on the demands of the behavioral task.” | mechanisms[2] |
| mechanism | information moves from one neuronal population to another across the trial, each cell active for only a fraction of it— “We explored whether PPC dynamics are best described in terms of cell classes or high-dimensional dynamics. During a navigation-based decision task the dynamics were high-dimensional: neurons were active in choice-specific sequences in which information moves from one neuronal population to another across time in the task; although the… | mechanisms[3] |
| mechanism | a proposed framework: the sequence starts choice-independent, then moves toward one choice-specific trajectory, and the growing state-space distance between trajectories acts as a barrier to changing the decision— “Our results motivate consideration of a conceptual framework for decision-making and working memory in which sensory information used for the decision activates a neuronal sequence of activity. The sequence begins in a choice-independent state, which could be mediated by neurons that are not choice-specific ( Supplementary Fig. 7b ), and then… | mechanisms[4] |
| mechanism | choice can be decoded from about 65 neurons within 250 microns, above chance in cue, delay and turn periods— “It was possible, from the activity of a small population of neurons located in close anatomical proximity (~65 neurons separated by < 250 µm), to predict the mouse’s choice on single correct… | mechanisms[5] |
| mechanism | functionally distinct subnetworks are anatomically interlaced, implying highly specific synaptic connectivity rather than spatial clustering | mechanisms[6] |
| mechanism | the mouse PPC is located first by retrograde and anterograde labelling, since the region had not been characterised in this species Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | mechanisms[7] |
| mechanism | necessity established by muscimol inactivation, with a visually-guided version of the task as the control for visual and motor deficits Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | mechanisms[8] |
| mechanism | trials aligned to cue offset, turn onset and trial end, because running speed and turn position varied across trials and mice Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | mechanisms[9] |
| extends | previous work on spatial intermixing of response properties in sensory cortex, motor cortex and hippocampus (refs 12, 31–32) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[0] |
| contradicts | models predicting spatial clustering of similar response patterns and connectivity from axonal-dendritic overlap (refs 46–47) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[1] |
| builds-on | studies identifying cortical sequences of activity states during working memory tasks (refs 27–30) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[2] |
| extends | the trajectory account of behavioural choice first developed for the leech nervous system (ref. 37) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[3] |
| contradicts | the account of PPC as classes of cells with sustained activity spanning whole task periods Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[4] |
| contradicts | models predicting spatial clustering of similar response patterns, as in functional columns Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[5] |
| extends | reports of cortical activity sequences during working memory in prefrontal cortex and hippocampus Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[6] |
| distinguishes-from | hippocampal place cells, since PPC cells did not encode location on a linear track Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[7] |
| qualifies | drift-diffusion and recurrent winner-take-all models of decision-making Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[8] |
| reconciles | the primate literature reporting persistent activity, by proposing the task demands select the dynamics Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[9] |
| sense | sequence here means each neuron active for only a fraction of a task period with different cells active at different times - explicitly opposed to a class of cells sharing one time course Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[0] |
| sense | high-dimensional vs low-dimensional is used as the criterion separating the two accounts: low-dimensional means each cell's activity is an amplitude-scaled copy of one prototypical time series Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[1] |
| sense | delay cell, cue cell and response cell are treated as possibly artifactual categories - the paper finds the three groups but shows sequences inside each one Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[2] |
| sense | mouse PPC is a stipulated object: the region was located by its afferents, efferents and position relative to visual and somatosensory cortex, then declared to be PPC Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[3] |
| sense | neuronal circuit trajectory - the population state as a point in an n-dimensional space with one dimension per neuron Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[4] |
| control | two versions of the virtual T-maze differing ONLY in the cue period and the reward location — held — rules out everything the two mazes share - the visual environment, the running, the task structure - leaving the cue and the reward as the only thing a difference in neural activity can be about Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[0] |
| differs in | models predicting spatial clustering of similar response patterns and connectivity from axonal-dendritic overlap (refs 46–47) — spatial clustering and connectivity rule: the opposing models EMPHASIZED THE SPATIAL CLUSTERING OF SIMILAR RESPONSE PATTERNS, AS IN FUNCTIONAL COLUMNS, AND PROPOSE CONNECTIVITY DEFINED BY AXONAL-DENDRITIC OVERLAP WITHOUT FINE-SCALE SPECIFICITY Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[1] |
| differs in | the account of PPC as classes of cells with sustained activity spanning whole task periods — homogeneous classes against sequences: CLASSES OF CELLS WITH HOMOGENEOUS ACTIVITY PATTERNS WERE NOT PRESENT. RATHER, CHOICE-SPECIFIC SEQUENCES OF NEURONS WERE ACTIVATED IN ALL BEHAVIORAL PERIODS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[4] |
| differs in | models predicting spatial clustering of similar response patterns, as in functional columns — the same parameter as item 1 - spatial clustering, AS IN FUNCTIONAL COLUMNS, against fine-scale specificity Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[5] |
| differs in | hippocampal place cells, since PPC cells did not encode location on a linear track — THE AXIS IS A SPECIFIC TASK THAT SEPARATES THEM. 'It seems unlikely that PPC neurons only provided location information in A CONTEXT-DEPENDENT MANNER, LIKE HIPPOCAMPAL PLACE CELLS, BECAUSE UNLIKE PLACE CELLS PPC NEURONS DID NOT ENCODE SPATIAL LOCATION DURING A LINEAR TRACK TASK.' The distinction is drawn by a task the alternative account predicts they would pass - so the axis names the experiment that discriminates, not a property of either population. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[7] |
| differs in | drift-diffusion and recurrent winner-take-all models of decision-making — what the dynamics settle into: DECISIONS ARE REACHED WHEN THE ACTIVITY APPROACHES A CHOICE-SPECIFIC FIXED POINT WITH WORKING MEMORY MAINTAINED AS STABLE ACTIVITY AT THAT POINT, and THE TRAJECTORIES ARE DEFINED BY RELATIVELY HOMOGENEOUS changes - against a sequence Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[8] |
| differs in | the primate literature reporting persistent activity, by proposing the task demands select the dynamics — the task the animal was doing: THE PPC ADOPTS DIFFERENT DYNAMICS DEPENDING ON THE DEMANDS OF THE BEHAVIORAL TASK, which is offered as the explanation for HETEROGENEITY AND SEQUENCES IN OUR EXPERIMENTS VERSUS STEREOTYPY AND LOW-DIMENSIONAL DYNAMICS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[9] |
| audit | low-dimensional —operationalised-as→ recurrent attractor network models — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but low-dimensional dynamics 'CAN BE REPRODUCED in' recurrent attractor models; operationalised-as is loose. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| note | low-dimensional —operationalised-as→ recurrent attractor network models — the model is what makes the dimensionality claim testable - each cell an amplitude-scaled copy of one time series Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| weight | low-dimensional —operationalised-as→ recurrent attractor network models — 0.9 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| edge | choice-specific cells —part-of→ task-modulated cells Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| differs in | PPC —distinct-from→ place cells — THE AXIS IS A NEGATIVE TEST USED TO RULE OUT AN ALTERNATIVE. 'It seems unlikely that PPC neurons only provided location information in A CONTEXT-DEPENDENT MANNER, LIKE HIPPOCAMPAL PLACE CELLS, BECAUSE UNLIKE PLACE CELLS PPC NEURONS DID NOT ENCODE SPATIAL LOCATION DURING A LINEAR TRACK TASK.' The comparison is not offered as a finding about PPC - it is offered as the reason a competing interpretation fails, so the axis is what the alternative would have predicted. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| note | PPC —distinct-from→ place cells — argued from a negative result on a linear track, not from a positive dissociation Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| weight | PPC —distinct-from→ place cells — 0.9 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation) | control — held | controls[0] |
| for which use | limitation — every decision-related claim in the paper: OUR BEHAVIORAL PARADIGM DID NOT ISOLATE THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| for which use | limitation — the functional role of the sequences: SEQUENCES MAY THEREFORE PLAY A ROLE IN SOME ASPECT OF DECISION-RELATED PROCESSES, BUT FURTHER EXPERIMENTS WILL BE NECESSARY Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
| for which use | limitation — the spatial-organisation result: the weak distance dependence of pairwise correlation may be an optical artefact rather than real spatial structure Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[2] |
| for which use | limitation — the generality of the sequence result: DIFFERENT REGIONS OR LAYERS OF THE PPC MAY HAVE DIFFERING ACTIVITY DYNAMICS, OR THE DYNAMICS OF RODENT AND PRIMATE PPC CIRCUITS MAY DIFFER Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
| for which use | limitation — any role for the sequences in the decision itself: OUR BEHAVIORAL PARADIGM DID NOT ISOLATE THE DECISION-MAKING PROCESS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[4] |
| duplicate of | limitation — limitations[2] Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[5] |
| for which use | limitation — the same scope as limitations[2] - the weak distance-correlation relationship may be overlapping fluorescence rather than real spatial organisation Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[5] |
| for which use | limitation — the disagreement with the primate literature, which is left unresolved among four alternatives: SEQUENCES ... MAY BE PRESENT IN THE PRIMATE PPC DURING TRADITIONAL TASKS BUT HAVE YET TO BE IDENTIFIED Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[6] |
| for which use | limitation — what an active cell in the sequence encodes: NAVIGATION, MEMORY, AND CHOICE INFORMATION MAY BE COMBINED IN THE SEQUENCES, and spatial and temporal progression through the task are highly correlated Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[7] |
| for which use | limitation — every use of the label 'mouse PPC' and every cross-species comparison built on it: BECAUSE THE LOCATION OF THE MOUSE PPC HAS NOT BEEN CHARACTERIZED, WE FIRST PERFORMED RETROGRADE AND ANTEROGRADE LABELING EXPERIMENTS TO LOCATE IT ANATOMICALLY ... CONSISTENT WITH THE RAT AND PRIMATE PPC Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[8] |
| replication | untested | |
| limitation | The task confounds the decision with ongoing navigation, so the decision process itself was not isolated. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| limitation | Whether the sequences serve decision-related processes remains to be tested. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
| limitation | The weak distance-dependence of pairwise correlation may be an optical artefact rather than real spatial organisation. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[2] |
| limitation | The result may not generalise across PPC regions, layers or species. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
| limitation | the paradigm does not isolate decision-making, so the role of sequences in the decision itself is untested Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[4] |
| limitation | the weak distance-correlation relationship may be overlapping fluorescence rather than real spatial organisation, and the paper declines to choose Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[5] |
| limitation | four rival explanations are offered for why this result differs from the primate literature and none is selected Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[6] |
| limitation | spatial and temporal progression through the task were highly correlated, so what the active cell encodes cannot be separated Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[7] |
| limitation | the mouse PPC is a stipulated region, defined by projection pattern and position rather than by any functional criterion Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[8] |
finding · quantity · variable · definition · key-term — grounded in the full text| finding | Individual parietal neurons were each active only briefly, and their brief activations were staggered in time so that the population formed a sequence spanning the whole trial. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[0] |
| finding | Different sequences of neurons ran on left- versus right-choice trials, making the sequences choice-specific. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[1] |
| finding | Silencing the posterior parietal cortex with muscimol dropped memory-guided task accuracy to near chance without changing how many trials the mice ran. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[2] |
| finding | The same inactivation did not significantly affect a visually-guided version of the task. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[3] |
| finding | Cells preferring left versus right choices were anatomically intermingled rather than spatially segregated, since pair selectivity difference did not vary with inter-cell distance. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[4] |
| finding | A small, anatomically local population of neurons was enough to decode the animal's upcoming choice above chance throughout the cue, delay and turn periods. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[5] |
| finding | Differences in the animals' running trajectories between left and right trials could not account for the choice-specific activity. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[6] |
| finding | The sequential ordering was not an artifact of sorting, because shuffled data produced no comparable sequences. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[7] |
| finding | activity forms a sequence spanning the entire trial, with cells staggered in time Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[8] |
| finding | different sequences run on left and right choice trials Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[9] |
| finding | the sequences survive shuffling controls, so they are not an artifact of sorting cells by peak time Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[10] |
| finding | cells fall into cue, delay and turn groups, but each group contains a sequence rather than a class Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[11] |
| finding | no classes of cells with homogeneous activity patterns were present Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[12] |
| finding | left- and right-choice-preferring cells were anatomically intermixed Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[13] |
| finding | muscimol in PPC drops memory-guided performance to chance without affecting trial rate Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[14] |
| finding | the same inactivation leaves the visually-guided version of the task intact Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[15] |
| finding | running trajectory parameters could not explain the choice-specific activity Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[16] |
| finding | passive viewing and a linear track produced far less location-specific activity than the real task Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[17] |
| finding | individual trajectories switched between the mean correct left and right choice trajectories, most often during the delay Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[18] |
| quantity | 83 ± 9% — mean behavioral accuracy of mice on the memory-guided T-maze task Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[0] |
| quantity | 54 ± 5% — fraction of trials correct after bilateral muscimol inactivation of PPC (near the 50% chance level) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[1] |
| quantity | ~71% — proportion of task-modulated cells that were choice-specific Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[2] |
| quantity | n = 404 cells from 6 mice — total number of choice-specific, task-modulated cells pooled across animals Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[3] |
| quantity | < 100 micrometers — the microcircuit length scale over which functionally distinct cells were anatomically intermixed Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[4] |
| quantity | 63% of error trials, 20% of correct trials — share of trials on which the population trajectory switched selectivity during the delay or late cue period Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[5] |
| quantity | simulated runs: 1.3%, linear track: 5.8%, T-maze: 32.3% — fraction of neurons with significant location-specific activity increases in each of the three conditions Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[6] |
| quantity | ~65 neurons separated by < 250 µm — size and anatomical spread of the neuronal population sufficient to decode choice above chance Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[7] |
| quantity | 83 plus or minus 9% correct, p < 0.0001 vs 50% — behavioural accuracy Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[8] |
| quantity | about 65 cells per field of view, range 37 to 94 — simultaneous imaging yield Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[9] |
| quantity | about 73% of highly active cells were task-modulated — proportion carrying task signal Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[10] |
| quantity | about 71% of task-modulated cells were choice-specific — proportion distinguishing left from right Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[11] |
| quantity | 11 plus or minus 8% of trial time points with a transient — how briefly each cell is active Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[12] |
| quantity | simulated runs 1.3%, linear track 5.8%, T-maze 32.3% — fraction of cells with location-specific activity, the control comparison Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[13] |
| quantity | cue 5.1 plus or minus 2.6 s, delay 4.2 plus or minus 1.2 s, turn 3.0 plus or minus 1.8 s — task period durations Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[14] |
| quantity | EVIDENCE CORRECTED (RE-GROUNDED - THE POINTER WAS WRONG, NOT THE CLAIM) · no injections 87 plus or minus 7%, saline 85 plus or minus 5%, muscimol 54 plus or minus 5% — the inactivation effect Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[15] |
| retracted | quantity — RE-GROUNDED - THE POINTER WAS WRONG, NOT THE CLAIM. The old evidence was verbatim, anchored and correctly cut, and it contained NONE of this claim's numbers (54, 85, 87). The paper states the claim in one sentence elsewhere and the tagger did not use it. the project, 2026-08-23: 'WE HAVE SPENT THE DAY VERIFYING THAT QUOTES ARE REAL AND NONE OF IT ASKS WHETHER THEY ARE RELEVANT.' Confirmed by reading the claim, the old span and the candidate together; the candidate carries every number AND the claim's own content words. | content_tags.quantities[15] |
| variable | PPC inactivation (independent) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[1] |
| variable | neuronal activity (dependent) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[2] |
| variable | anatomical distance (independent) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[5] |
| variable | trial-type selectivity Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[6] |
| variable | trajectory selectivity index Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[9] |
| definition | choice-specific cells Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[0] |
| definition | neuronal circuit trajectory Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[1] |
| definition | activity state of the circuit Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[2] |
| definition | t COM Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[3] |
| definition | trajectory selectivity index Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[4] |
| definition | neuronal circuit trajectory Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[5] |
| definition | low-dimensional dynamics Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[6] |
| definition | task-modulated cells Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[7] |
| key-terms | posterior parietal cortex, choice-specific, sequence, working memory, state space, neuronal circuit trajectory, low-dimensional, high-dimensional, recurrent attractor network models, task-modulated, muscimol, GCaMP3, virtual T-maze, place cells, functional columns, microcircuit, principal component analysis, delay period, liquid state machines, motifs |
| t-test p | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[0] |
| principal component analysis | as written: principal component analysis (PCA) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[1] |
| correlation | as written: Pearson’s correlations Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[2] |
| rank correlation ρ | as written: Spearman’s correlation Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[3] |
| Kolmogorov-Smirnov test p | as written: KS test Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[4] |
| multiple regression | as written: multiple regression analysis Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[5] |
| factor analysis / dimensionality reduction | as written: factor analysis for dimensionality reduction Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[6] |
| classifier (decoding accuracy) | as written: a classifier based on the distance from an individual trial trajectory Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[7] |
| shuffle / permutation control | as written: shuffled versions of the dataset Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[8] |
| Spearman's correlation of pair difference against distance | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[9] |
| shuffled dataset control | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[10] |
| multiple regression on running parameters | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[11] |
| principal component analysis | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[12] |
| claim type | existence — a second reading reaching the same value; recorded: existence Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.claim_type |
| method | two-photon imaging of GCaMP3 in layer 2/3 PPC of head-restrained mice navigating a virtual T-maze, with muscimol inactivation and open-loop and linear-track controls — a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value; recorded: electrophysiology Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.method |
| phenomenon | sequential population dynamics during working memory and decision — a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value; recorded: choice-specific neuronal sequences in posterior parietal cortex Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.phenomenon |
When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.
Tag layer © the Meta-Tagging Project, CC BY 4.0. The paper text is © its authors/publisher
and is linked, not reproduced. Excerpts shown are short quotations for identification and verification.
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