phenomenon · claim-type · cross-domain-transfer · mechanism · claim-relation · replication-status · limitation — grounded in the full text| phenomenon | four terms coined in four clinical settings over three decades, describing overlapping patients, consolidated into one name whose precursors are kept as index terms in the classification that supersedes them— “In the absence of definitive scientific data on these possible subtypes, the Behavioral Subcommittee chose to define only PPPD for the ICVD, but allow for clinical variability as reflected in Criterion B. The World Health Organization permits related terms to be listed in the ICD-11. Therefore, PPV, SMD, VV, and CSD were retained as index… | |
| claim-type | method— “The consensus process for decision-making seeks a result that has broad support. It does not require unanimity, but demands more than a simple majority [ 83 ]. Were the latter sufficient for developing diagnostic criteria or writing treatment guidelines, then informative aspects of the minority opinion could be lost to practicing clinicians… | |
| method — evidence | — “The consensus process for decision-making seeks a result that has broad support. It does not require unanimity, but demands more than a simple majority [ 83 ]. Were the latter sufficient for developing diagnostic criteria or writing treatment guidelines, then informative aspects of the minority opinion could be lost to practicing clinicians… | |
| object of study — evidence | — “This paper presents diagnostic criteria for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) to be included in the International Classification of Vestibular Disorders (ICVD). The term PPPD is new, but the disorder is not. Its diagnostic criteria were derived by expert consensus from an exhaustive review of 30 years of research on phobic… | |
| research question — evidence | — “There are no findings on physical examination, laboratory testing, or diagnostic imaging that are pathognomonic of PPPD. Data from physical examinations and clinically indicated diagnostic testing help to determine if PPPD is the best diagnosis, either alone or in combination with other diseases or disorders (Criterion E). In this regard, an… | |
| contribution — evidence | — “PPPD is a chronic vestibular disorder defined by criteria A-E below. All five criteria must be fulfilled to make the diagnosis.” | |
| mechanism | A DIAGNOSIS MADE BY CONSOLIDATION, WHICH IS A SHAPE THIS CORPUS DID NOT HAVE: `The term PPPD is new, but the disorder is not. Its diagnostic criteria were derived by expert consensus from an exhaustive review of 30 years of research on phobic postural vertigo, space-motion discomfort, visual vertigo, and chronic subjective dizziness.` Every other naming event we hold splits, renames, retires or revises. This one MERGES four terms from four clinical settings into one— “This paper presents diagnostic criteria for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) to be included in the International Classification of Vestibular Disorders (ICVD). The term PPPD is new, but the disorder is not. Its diagnostic criteria were derived by expert consensus from an exhaustive review of 30 years of research on phobic… | mechanisms[0] |
| mechanism | AND THE BODY PUBLISHES ITS OWN DECISION RULE BEFORE REPORTING ANY DECISION: `The consensus process for decision-making seeks a result that has broad support. It does not require unanimity, but demands more than a simple majority. Were the latter sufficient for developing diagnostic criteria or writing treatment guidelines, then informative aspects of the minority opinion could be lost to practicing clinicians, the scientific community, and general public.` The threshold is stated, and the reason for it is that a bare majority DISCARDS INFORMATION— “The consensus process for decision-making seeks a result that has broad support. It does not require unanimity, but demands more than a simple majority [ 83 ]. Were the latter sufficient for developing diagnostic criteria or writing treatment guidelines, then informative aspects of the minority opinion could be lost to practicing clinicians… | mechanisms[1] |
| mechanism | AND THEN IT NAMES THE SUB-QUESTION THAT FAILED THAT RULE: `Members of the Behavioral Subcommittee and their advisors reached consensus about the diagnostic criteria for PPPD and its relationship to SMD, VV, and CSD, but not PPV.` The boundary of the agreement is published with the agreement - and the corpus has nothing else that draws it this precisely— “Members of the Behavioral Subcommittee and their advisors reached consensus about the diagnostic criteria for PPPD and its relationship to SMD, VV, and CSD, but not PPV. SMD and VV were seen as complex symptoms, not stand alone diagnostic entities. They informed criterion B of PPPD, but are known to occur in other situations as well [ 15, 39… | mechanisms[2] |
| mechanism | AND THE VOTE ON THAT QUESTION IS RECORDED, AT A MAJORITY THE COMMITTEE'S OWN RULE CALLS INSUFFICIENT: `In the end, a simple majority of subcommittee members voted against including PPV as a subtype of PPPD` - after two paragraphs printing the arguments in favour (30 years of research, personality and phobic factors that `affect clinical presentation`) and against (`difficult to operationalize`, `may have to be updated`, `could perplex clinicians and investigators`). A body that says a simple majority is not enough, and then reports one— “Members of the subcommittee and their advisors carefully considered a proposal to include PPV as a subtype of PPPD. Arguments in favor of this idea focused on the richness of the definition of PPV, which includes personality factors and psychological symptoms, particularly phobic symptoms, that were shown to affect clinical presentation [ 12… | mechanisms[3] |
| mechanism | AND ONE AUTHOR'S OWN EARLIER DEFINITION IS RETIRED BY NAME IN THE SAME PARAGRAPH: `However, the definition of PPPD is better supported; hence, PPPD now fully supplants CSD.` Staab defined chronic subjective dizziness in 2004, defined it `more explicitly in 2007`, and is the first author here— “Members of the Behavioral Subcommittee and their advisors reached consensus about the diagnostic criteria for PPPD and its relationship to SMD, VV, and CSD, but not PPV. SMD and VV were seen as complex symptoms, not stand alone diagnostic entities. They informed criterion B of PPPD, but are known to occur in other situations as well [ 15, 39… | mechanisms[4] |
| mechanism | AND THE SUPERSEDED TERMS SURVIVE AS MACHINE-READABLE POINTERS: `The World Health Organization permits related terms to be listed in the ICD-11. Therefore, PPV, SMD, VV, and CSD were retained as index terms for cross-referencing in the ICD-11 beta draft definition of PPPD.` Our `alternatives` layer, in a real classification, decided by a committee - a retired name kept precisely so that the old literature still resolves— “In the absence of definitive scientific data on these possible subtypes, the Behavioral Subcommittee chose to define only PPPD for the ICVD, but allow for clinical variability as reflected in Criterion B. The World Health Organization permits related terms to be listed in the ICD-11. Therefore, PPV, SMD, VV, and CSD were retained as index… | mechanisms[5] |
| mechanism | AND A CRITERION SET BY CONSENSUS IN THE ADMITTED ABSENCE OF ANY MEASUREMENT: `There are no data to identify one of these factors as being consistently more troublesome than the others or to determine the sensitivities and specificities of requiring the presence of one, two, or all three factors to make a diagnosis of PPPD. Therefore, the consensus definition of Criterion B requires that affected individuals report at least some difficulty with all three factors.` The strictest of the three options, chosen BECAUSE none of them has been measured— “There are no data to identify one of these factors as being consistently more troublesome than the others or to determine the sensitivities and specificities of requiring the presence of one, two, or all three factors to make a diagnosis of PPPD. Therefore, the consensus definition of Criterion B requires that affected individuals report at… | mechanisms[6] |
| mechanism | AND A WORD TAKEN BACK FROM ITS OWN TWENTIETH-CENTURY SENSE: `Here functional conditions are considered as they were in the early 19th century as disorders `arising from a change in the mode of action of an organ`, unrelated to structural or cellular deficits ... In this connotation, functional is not a synonym for psychogenic or psychosomatic as it was throughout most of the 20th century.` A definition reverting a term to an older sense and naming the sense it rejects— “Here functional conditions are considered as they were in the early 19th century as disorders “arising from a change in the mode of action of an organ” [ 20 ], unrelated to structural or cellular deficits. As revived in the modern era, most notably in gastroenterology [ 25 ], this concept of functional conditions distinguishes them from… | mechanisms[7] |
| mechanism | AND THE SOCIETY'S OWN CURRENT TERM IS SET ASIDE, DELIBERATELY AND WITH A REASON: `In 2009, the Barany Society adopted the term visually induced dizziness or VID to replace VV in the ICVD nomenclature ... Herein, the historical moniker VV is used to refer to Bronstein's original description and the subsequent body of research on that symptom.` A paper knowingly using a superseded term, because the LITERATURE it is summarising is indexed under the old one— “In 2009, the Bárány Society adopted the term visually induced dizziness or VID to replace VV in the ICVD nomenclature for vestibular symptoms [ 9 ]. Herein, the historical moniker VV is used to refer to Bronstein’s original description and the subsequent body of research on that symptom.” | mechanisms[8] |
| mechanism | AND A PRECEDENT FOR WHAT HAPPENS WHEN NOBODY DOES THIS: `As otology, neurology, and psychiatry matured into separate specialties in the early 20th century, Platzschwindel and Platzangst faded from use and agoraphobia became a psychiatric disorder, losing its space and motion context.` Two terms died and a third survived with part of its meaning removed - not by decision, by disciplinary drift. The 1870s syndromes and PPPD describe the same patients— “As otology, neurology, and psychiatry matured into separate specialties in the early 20th century, Platzschwindel and Platzangst faded from use and agoraphobia became a psychiatric disorder, losing its space and motion context [ 3, 95 ].” | mechanisms[9] |
| mechanism | AND THE DEFINERS WARN AGAINST READING THEIR OWN CRITERIA AS A CHECKLIST: `Clinicians who apply Criteria A and B as simple checklists of symptoms without capturing the dynamic features of their patients' histories (Criterion C) assume a reductionist view of the diagnosis ... Scientists who fail to consider the dynamics of PPPD risk muddling rather than illuminating the nature of the disorder.` The instrument comes with an instruction not to use it as an instrument— “The debate about PPV highlighted the fact that PPPD is a dynamic condition as illustrated in Fig. 1 . It is a functional disorder, although structural and psychological factors affect its development. Clinicians who apply Criteria A and B as simple checklists of symptoms without capturing the dynamic features of their patients’ histories… | mechanisms[10] |
| extends | thirty years of research on phobic postural vertigo (Brandt & Dieterich 1986), space-motion discomfort (Jacob 1989), visual vertigo (Bronstein 1995) and chronic subjective dizziness (Staab 2004, 2007) - four terms whose common core becomes the criteria— “This paper presents diagnostic criteria for persistent postural-perceptual dizziness (PPPD) to be included in the International Classification of Vestibular Disorders (ICVD). The term PPPD is new, but the disorder is not. Its diagnostic criteria were derived by expert consensus from an exhaustive review of 30 years of research on phobic… | claim_relations[0] |
| supersedes | the author's own definition of chronic subjective dizziness, which 'PPPD now fully supplants' because 'the definition of PPPD is better supported'— “Members of the Behavioral Subcommittee and their advisors reached consensus about the diagnostic criteria for PPPD and its relationship to SMD, VV, and CSD, but not PPV. SMD and VV were seen as complex symptoms, not stand alone diagnostic entities. They informed criterion B of PPPD, but are known to occur in other situations… | claim_relations[1] |
| critiques | reading diagnostic criteria as checklists - 'Clinicians who apply Criteria A and B as simple checklists ... assume a reductionist view of the diagnosis' Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[2] |
| sense | `PPPD` - a chronic FUNCTIONAL vestibular disorder, `not a structural or psychiatric condition`, defined by five criteria all of which must be fulfilled Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[0] |
| sense | `functional` (this paper's sense) - the EARLY 19TH CENTURY sense, `arising from a change in the mode of action of an organ`, explicitly NOT the 20th-century synonym for psychogenic or psychosomatic Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[1] |
| sense | `VV` (visual vertigo) - used here in Bronstein's 1995 sense, in preference to the Barany Society's own 2009 replacement `VID`, because the body of research is indexed under the older name Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[2] |
| sense | `agoraphobia` - Westphal's 1870s sense included space and motion; the modern psychiatric sense LOST that context when the specialties separated Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[3] |
| control | requiring ALL FIVE criteria A-E, and declining to publish a 'probable' or subthreshold tier for patients who meet only some — held Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. — rules out applying the label to non-specific chronic dizziness - which the paper warns against in the same breath as saying PPPD is NOT a diagnosis of exclusion Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[0] |
| control | requiring at least some difficulty with ALL THREE exacerbating factors of Criterion B, rather than one or two — partial Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. — rules out nothing that has been measured - the paper states outright that the sensitivities and specificities of the one-, two- and three-factor rules are unknown Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[1] |
| control | a period of prospective monitoring with a symptom log and serial examinations when no precipitant can be identified or symptoms worsen gradually — held Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. — rules out mistaking a slowly emerging degenerative disorder for PPPD Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[2] |
| weight | thirty years of research on phobic postural vertigo (Brandt & Dieterich 1986), space-motion discomfort (Jacob 1989), visual vertigo (Bronstein 1995) and chronic subjective dizziness (Staab 2004, 2007) - four terms whose common core becomes the criteria — 0.95 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[0] |
| weight | the author's own definition of chronic subjective dizziness, which 'PPPD now fully supplants' because 'the definition of PPPD is better supported' — 0.95 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[1] |
| weight | reading diagnostic criteria as checklists - 'Clinicians who apply Criteria A and B as simple checklists ... assume a reductionist view of the diagnosis' — 0.85 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[2] |
| note | PPPD —is-a→ chronic vestibular disorder — 'PPPD IS A CHRONIC…' The ICVD divides by DURATION (acute / episodic / chronic) and by PRESUMED MECHANISM (structural / functional / psychiatric), and PPPD is chronic-functional on both Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[0] |
| relation | PPPD —is-a→ chronic vestibular disorder — PPPD is placed in the ICVD's CHRONIC class, and the classification's other axis makes it FUNCTIONAL rather than structural or psychiatric Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[0] |
| weight | PPPD —is-a→ chronic vestibular disorder — 0.95 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[0] |
| audit | chronic subjective dizziness —renamed-across-fields→ persistent postural-perceptual dizziness — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the span lists chronic subjective dizziness as one of four research strands from which PPPD's criteria were derived; renamed-across-fields is loose. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| note | chronic subjective dizziness —renamed-across-fields→ persistent postural-perceptual dizziness — 'THE TERM PPPD…' CALLED HONESTLY: THIS IS A CONSOLIDATION, NOT A ONE-FOR-ONE RENAMING. Four terms from otoneurology, psychiatry and balance medicine become one, and the corpus has no edge type for many-into-one. 'renamed-across-fields' is the closest the vocabulary offers and the fields really are different - the subcommittee was constituted with an otologist, a neurologist and two psychosomatic/psychiatric members precisely because the four terms came from four clinics Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| relation | chronic subjective dizziness —renamed-across-fields→ persistent postural-perceptual dizziness — CSD is one of four precursor terms consolidated into PPPD - and the paper says later, in its own words, that 'PPPD now fully supplants CSD' Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| weight | chronic subjective dizziness —renamed-across-fields→ persistent postural-perceptual dizziness — 0.95 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| note | VV —renamed-across-fields→ VID — 'IN 2009, THE…' The rename is real and eight years old; the authors set it aside because THE EVIDENCE THEY ARE SUMMARISING IS INDEXED UNDER THE OLD NAME. A retired term still doing work, in the same paper that retires CSD Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[2] |
| relation | VV —renamed-across-fields→ VID — the Barany Society replaced VV with VID in its own ICVD symptom nomenclature in 2009 - and this paper, published by that society, goes on using VV Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[2] |
| weight | VV —renamed-across-fields→ VID — 0.95 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[2] |
| note | functional —distinct-from→ psychogenic — 'IN THIS CONNOTATION…' The edge records a term being pulled back from a sense it held for eighty years - and the paper dates both senses and cites the field (gastroenterology) that revived the older one Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| relation | functional —distinct-from→ psychogenic — in this paper's sense 'functional' denotes a change in the MODE OF ACTION of an organ and carries NO presumption of psychopathology Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| weight | functional —distinct-from→ psychogenic — 0.95 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| note | PPPD —distinct-from→ anxiety disorders — 'Patients with PPPD may express…' The two conditions are separated by WHAT THE PATIENT IS AFRAID OF - a distinction with no test behind it, in a paper that says no test exists Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| relation | PPPD —distinct-from→ anxiety disorders — both produce avoidance; the CONTENT of the concern differs - noxious symptoms versus fear of incapacity, injury or attention Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| weight | PPPD —distinct-from→ anxiety disorders — 0.95 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| note | MdDS —distinct-from→ PPPD — 'A MAJOR DIFFERENCE…' A boundary drawn by what the patients do after treatment, in a corpus where boundaries are usually drawn by a marker or a cut-off Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| relation | MdDS —distinct-from→ PPPD — distinguished by response to treatment and by the direction of the motion effect - MdDS improves during passive motion, PPPD worsens Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| weight | MdDS —distinct-from→ PPPD — 0.95 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| outcome | control — held Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[0] |
| outcome | control — partial Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[1] |
| outcome | control — held Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[2] |
| limitation | NO POSITIVE TEST, AND NOT A DIAGNOSIS OF EXCLUSION EITHER: `There are no findings on physical examination, laboratory testing, or diagnostic imaging that are pathognomonic of PPPD ... an abnormal finding on physical examination or laboratory testing does not exclude a diagnosis of PPPD ... Furthermore, PPPD is not a diagnosis of exclusion.` Both doors are shut: nothing confirms it and nothing rules it out, and it may not be given by elimination either Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| limitation | AND WHETHER IT IS ONE DISORDER AT ALL IS PRINTED AS AN OPEN QUESTION: `(a) Is PPPD a single disorder with one principal pathophysiologic process or is it the common manifestation of multiple conditions that produce similar symptoms from different pathophysiologic mechanisms? (b) If PPPD is a single disorder, does it have clinically meaningful and validly distinguishable subtypes?` Two analogies are offered for the two answers - PTSD for one syndrome from many precipitants, hypertension for one number from many diseases Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
| limitation | AND A SUBTHRESHOLD CATEGORY WAS REFUSED FOR WANT OF DATA: `Members of the subcommittee concluded that there were not enough published data to define a clinically meaningful probable or subthreshold version of PPPD.` The Barany Society's own vestibular migraine and Meniere criteria carry `probable` tiers; this one declines to, and says why Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[2] |
| limitation | AND THE EPIDEMIOLOGY IS BORROWED FROM THE FOUR PRECURSORS, NOT MEASURED ON PPPD: `No epidemiologic studies are available for PPPD, but its prevalence and incidence may be estimated from research done on patients with PPV, VV, CSD` - so every frequency in this paper describes populations defined by the terms PPPD replaces Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
finding · quantity · variable · definition · key-term — grounded in the full text| finding | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[0] |
| finding | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[1] |
| finding | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[2] |
| finding | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[3] |
| finding | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[4] |
| finding | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[5] |
| finding | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[6] |
| quantity | more than 15 of every 30 days — Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[0] |
| quantity | 15-20% of all patients; average illness duration 4.5 years — Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[1] |
| quantity | about 25% at 3-12 months, despite adequate compensation — Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[2] |
| quantity | vestibular disorders 25-30%, vestibular migraine 15-20%, panic or anxiety 15% each, concussion or whiplash 10-15%, autonomic 7%, all others ~3% — Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[3] |
| variable | the three exacerbating factors Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[0] |
| definition | PPPD Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[0] |
| definition | functional Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[1] |
| concept | PPPD — not defined in this paper's own words; persistent postural-perceptual dizziness, the consolidated diagnosis this paper defines Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[0] |
| concept | chronic vestibular disorder — not defined in this paper's own words; the ICVD duration class PPPD is placed in - months to years Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[1] |
| concept | persistent postural-perceptual dizziness — not defined in this paper's own words; the new name, chosen to state the criteria it stands on Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[2] |
| concept | chronic subjective dizziness — not defined in this paper's own words; the 2004/2007 predecessor that PPPD 'now fully supplants', retained as an ICD-11 index term Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[3] |
| concept | VID — not defined in this paper's own words; visually induced dizziness - the Barany Society's 2009 replacement for VV, which this paper deliberately does not use Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[4] |
| concept | VV — not defined in this paper's own words; visual vertigo - Bronstein's 1995 term, kept here for the literature indexed under it Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[5] |
| concept | functional — not defined in this paper's own words; the early-19th-century sense: a change in the mode of action of an organ, without structural or cellular deficit Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[6] |
| concept | psychogenic — not defined in this paper's own words; the 20th-century sense of 'functional' that this paper explicitly rejects Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[7] |
| concept | anxiety disorders — not defined in this paper's own words; the differential diagnosis PPPD is most often confused with, and a named precipitant of it Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[8] |
| concept | MdDS — not defined in this paper's own words; mal de debarquement syndrome - the chronic vestibular syndrome whose motion response runs the opposite way Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[9] |
| the only sensitivity and specificity in the paper belong to the SUPPLANTED term | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[0] |
When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.
Tag layer © the Meta-Tagging Project, CC BY 4.0. The paper text is © its authors/publisher
and is linked, not reproduced. Excerpts shown are short quotations for identification and verification.
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