standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| second reading | alternatives | an independent re-reading of a facet, recorded whether or not it agrees |
| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| contribution | contribution | what the paper claims to add |
| control | controls | an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| object of study | object_of_study | what the paper is about — the thing it investigates |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| research question | research_question | the question the paper sets itself |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
| transfer | transfers | a method or concept carried in from another field |
This record holds no relations between concepts. A layer is empty when the tagger recorded nothing in it — which is not the same as the paper having nothing to record.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| object_of_study | whether advanced mathematical thought rests on the language faculty or on evolutionarily older circuits for number and space Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | object_of_study | the paper's words | |
| research_question | which brain areas professional mathematicians engage when judging advanced mathematical statements, and whether they are language areas or number areas Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | research_question | the paper's words | |
| contribution | shows a bilateral parietal, inferior temporal and prefrontal network active for all four branches of mathematics in experts only, sparing language areas and overlapping the circuits for numerals and arithmetic Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | contribution | the paper's words | |
| claim_type | existence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | high-level mathematical reasoning in expert mathematicians Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | fmri Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: fmri | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[0] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[1] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | expertise amplifies responses at sites that already respond to numerals and formulas in non-experts, rather than recruiting new territory Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | the ventral visual change mirrors literacy, where learning to read shifts responses toward letters and away from faces Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | the enhanced formula response reflects a genuine increase in activated cortical volume, not just tighter anatomical alignment in the expert group Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | the caudate shifts its engagement to whichever domain the subject is expert in, consistent with a role in motivation and attention Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[5] | 0.8 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | language contributes transiently at the angular gyrus during sentence comprehension, and that area is deactivated during the reflection itself Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | The group differences in ventral visual responses (formulas, tools, faces) cannot yet be tied to behaviour or shown to be caused by mathematical training. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the ventral visual group differences: THESE INTRIGUING DIFFERENCES MUST BE CONSIDERED WITH CAUTION BECAUSE THEIR BEHAVIORAL IMPACT AND CAUSAL LINK TO MATHEMATICAL TRAINING REMAINS PRESENTLY UNKNOWN | limitations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The design cannot rule out a transient role of language areas during the acquisition of mathematical concepts; only learning studies could settle it. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the claim that language areas are not involved: a transient role during acquisition is not excluded, and IMAGING STUDIES OF THE LEARNING PROCESS WOULD BE NEEDED TO RESOLVE THIS POINT | limitations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Mathematicians and controls may differ on uncontrolled dimensions such as IQ or musical talent, which the authors argue is irrelevant to the within-group dissociation but is not measured. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the between-group comparison but not the within-mathematician one: MATHEMATICIANS AND CONTROLS MAY STILL DIFFER ON DIMENSIONS SUCH AS IQ, MUSICAL TALENT, HOBBIES ... SUCH PUTATIVE DIFFERENCES ARE IRRELEVANT TO OUR MAIN CONCLUSION OF A DISSOCIATION ... WITHIN THE MATHEMATICIANS | limitations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | the authors flag the ventral visual group differences as needing caution, since their behavioural impact and causal link to mathematical training are unknown Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the same scope as limitations[0] - the ventral visual differences are flagged by the authors as needing caution | limitations[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | a small language-area overlap in left BA44 appeared only in smoothed group images and failed to reach significance in single subjects Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the language-overlap result: THIS SMALL OVERLAP WAS PRESENT ONLY IN SMOOTHED GROUP IMAGES AND FAILED TO REACH SIGNIFICANCE IN HIGHER RESOLUTION analyses | limitations[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | controls were near chance on the mathematical statements, so the expertise interaction rests on a group that could not do the task Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: any expertise contrast that uses the control group's maths performance: THEY FELL CLOSE TO CHANCE LEVEL WITH MATH (37% CORRECT, CHANCE LEVEL = 33%) ... COULD NOT IDENTIFY THEIR TRUTH VALUE (d' = 0.38, n.s.) | limitations[5] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | objective performance was matched but each group rated its own domain as more comfortable Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the matched-performance argument: OBJECTIVE PERFORMANCE ON NONMATH PROBLEMS DID NOT DIFFER ... their SUBJECTIVE RATINGS ... REVEALED THAT EACH GROUP FELT MORE COMFORTABLE WITH ITS RESPECTIVE EXPERTISE DOMAIN | limitations[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | the expertise-driven ventral visual shift toward symbols and away from faces, transposed from literacy to mathematics Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | representational similarity, used to test whether math, arithmetic and numeral viewing share an activation topography within each subject Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | an eighth stimulus category of circular checkerboards, built so that its retinotopic extent EXCEEDED that of every other category Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: a difference in retinotopic extent between conditions - the checkerboard is built to exceed every other category, so any area responding to sheer visual extent is exposed rather than counted as mathematical · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): absent-not-in-staged-text · would have ruled out, had it been run: low-level visual drive as the explanation of category-selective responses - a region that answers to mathematical formulas more than to a checkerboard covering MORE of the visual field is not responding to retinotopic extent | controls[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| senses | meaningful versus meaningless is the paper's second, ORTHOGONAL criterion - it holds lexical content constant and so tests the same claim without the math-versus-nonmath comparison Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | difficulty here has an objective form (percent correct, matched) and a subjective form (rated, slightly higher for math), and the paper's controls address the second Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | the visual number form area is defined by responding to Arabic numerals more than letters or pictures, and was previously hard to detect because it sits near a zone of fMRI signal loss Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | the multiple demand system is the rival account: a set of areas active in any hard task, which overlaps the math network and is why difficulty had to be excluded Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | language areas here are defined by an independent localiser in the same subjects, not by anatomy, so the sparing claim is about functionally identified voxels Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| alternatives | method: auditory statement judgement in the scanner with matched non-mathematical statements, plus independent localisers for sentences, calculation and visual categories Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: fmri — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.method | the tagger's words | |
| alternatives | phenomenon: the cortical network engaged during reflection on advanced mathematical statements Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: high-level mathematical reasoning in expert mathematicians — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.phenomenon | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | replicates → earlier observations of number-sense and number-form areas (cited as references 16, 18, 37) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | contradicts → the hypothesis that mathematics is an offshoot of language syntax, attributed in the article to Noam Chomsky (reference 1) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | contradicts → the hypothesis that mathematical capacity is an abstraction from linguistic operations Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | supports → the account grounding mathematics in ancient nonlinguistic intuitions of number and space Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | extends → arithmetic imaging work, by answering the objection that number concepts are too simple to represent advanced mathematics Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | confirms → prior reports of visual number form areas, using a sequence that overcomes the signal loss which made them hard to detect Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | qualifies → its own language-independence claim, by noting a transient angular gyrus contribution during comprehension Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | t-test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: t-test | content_tags.statistics[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ANOVA | content_tags.statistics[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | F-test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: F-test | content_tags.statistics[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | signal-detection sensitivity index Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: signal-detection sensitivity index | content_tags.statistics[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | correction for multiple comparisons Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: correction for multiple comparisons | content_tags.statistics[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | correlation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: correlation | content_tags.statistics[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Student t tests Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Student t tests | content_tags.statistics[6] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | F-test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: F-test | content_tags.statistics[7] | 0.7 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | cluster P < 0.05 corrected Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: cluster P < 0.05 corrected | content_tags.statistics[8] | 0.8 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | The activations evoked by mathematical reflection spared areas related to language and to general-knowledge semantics. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The same math network was engaged by all four tested branches of mathematics and even transiently by meaningless mathematical statements. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Non-mathematical general-knowledge reflection recruited a separate anterior temporal and angular gyrus semantic network. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | A region-of-interest analysis of language areas showed mathematics engaged them no more, and often less, than general semantic reasoning did. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The high-level mathematics network overlapped the parietal and inferior temporal sites activated by simple calculation and by the mere sight of numerals, and this overlap survived removal of statements containing any numerical reference. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The math network was active even during simple mathematical reflection, and its greater activation for math than nonmath held irrespective of task difficulty. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Mathematical expertise was accompanied by expanded number and formula responses in the left visual number form area. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | mathematicians performed equally on math and non-math statements, 63% against 65% correct Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | controls matched mathematicians on non-math but were near chance on math Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | all four domains of mathematics activated the math-responsive regions, in a significant intersection Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the network stayed active for about fifteen seconds after a math statement and deactivated for non-math Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | in controls the math contrast landed on the sites for meaningless statements Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | essentially no intersection between the math and general-knowledge semantic networks, and none in perisylvian language cortex even at a lenient threshold Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[12] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | language regions defined by an independent localiser were engaged no more by math than by general reasoning, and often less Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[13] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the math network overlapped the areas for arithmetic and for merely viewing numerals Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | responses to written formulas were larger in mathematicians, as extra activated volume rather than tighter alignment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[15] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | face responses were reduced in right inferior temporal cortex in mathematicians Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[16] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the caudate responded to whichever domain each group was expert in Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[17] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | CONFOUND REVERSED: easy math contrasted against difficult non-math still produced the same sites Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[18] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | CONTROL NULL: contrasting difficult against easy statements within each domain revealed no significant sites at all Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[19] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | ORTHOGONAL REPLICATION: the meaningful-versus-meaningless math contrast, which holds words constant, reproduced the whole result Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[20] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | CONTENT REANALYSIS: excluding statements with any indirect numerical reference left the activation virtually unchanged Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[21] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | HAZARD NAMED ABOUT THEIR OWN RESULT: group-level overlap can arise from intersubject averaging, so the overlap was retested within subjects Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[22] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the within-subject pattern analyses confirmed that advanced math, arithmetic and numeral viewing share cortical sites in trained individuals Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[23] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | visual number form area Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: visual number form area | content_tags.definitions[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | multiple demand system Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: multiple demand system | content_tags.definitions[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | immediacy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: immediacy | content_tags.definitions[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | multiple demand system Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: multiple demand system | content_tags.definitions[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | VNFA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: VNFA | content_tags.definitions[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | core knowledge Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: core knowledge | content_tags.definitions[5] | 0.7 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | task difficulty Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: task difficulty | content_tags.variables[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | meaningless Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: meaningless | content_tags.variables[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | imageability Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: imageability | content_tags.variables[9] | 0.7 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | topology Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: topology | content_tags.variables[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 15 and 15 — sample size: professional mathematicians and academically matched humanities controls scanned with fMRI Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 63% and 65% correct — mathematicians' accuracy on math and on nonmath statements, showing the two problem types were matched in objective difficulty Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 37% correct, chance level = 33%; P = 0.014 — control subjects' accuracy on mathematical statements, barely above chance Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ∼15 s — duration for which the fMRI signal stayed elevated in the math network after a mathematical statement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 52.4 ± 3.4 versus 40.0 ± 4.5; t = 2.4, P = 0.03 — mathematicians' subjective difficulty ratings (0–100 scale) for math versus nonmath statements Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | t = 4.72 — whole-brain effect size for reduced face responses in right inferior temporal cortex in mathematicians relative to controls Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 72 and 18 — number of mathematical statements (18 per domain) and of nonmathematical statements presented in the auditory runs Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 15 and 15 — professional mathematicians and non-mathematician controls of equal academic standing Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 63% and 65% — mathematicians' accuracy on math and non-math, the basis for calling the two matched in difficulty Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 37% against 33% chance — controls' accuracy on mathematical statements Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 52.4 against 40.0 — subjective difficulty for math and non-math on a 0-100 scale, the only difficulty difference found Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | about 15 s — how long the math network stayed active after a statement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[11] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
Tags that could not be placed in the text:
What was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.