standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| concept edge | concept_edges | an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it |
| concept | concepts | an idea the paper works with, quoted where the paper uses it |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| control | controls | an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
| transfer | transfers | a method or concept carried in from another field |
Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 2 relations here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| claim_type | mechanism Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | racial priming by implicit racial appeals Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | behavioural-experiment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: behavioural-experiment | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[0] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[1] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[2] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The sample was a non-representative convenience sample of undergraduates, over-weighted toward liberals. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | It is unknown whether an adult sample would show the same effect. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Generalisation beyond crime to other racialised issue domains is untested. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| transfers | the paper takes Bower and Forgas's theory of emotional priming — a psychological account of mood-congruent recall — and uses it as the explanatory engine for a political-communication effect Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[0] | the tagger's words | |
| controls | a manipulation check on the campaign advertisements, coded from an open-ended 'how did the advertisement make you feel' by two trained research assistants, double-coded Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: that the anger and fear advertisements produced the emotions they were built to produce, rather than undifferentiated negative affect · outcome: partial | controls[0] | 0.85 | the tagger's words |
| concepts | anger Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: anger | concepts[0] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | fear Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: fear | concepts[1] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | racial priming Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: racial priming | concepts[2] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | racial attitudes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: racial attitudes | concepts[3] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | racial conservatives Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: racial conservatives | concepts[4] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | racial liberals Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: racial liberals | concepts[5] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| senses | negative emotion, as this paper refuses to use it - the charge is CONFLATION: most research on racial priming treats negative affect as one thing, and the paper's contribution is to show that two negative emotions from the same advertisement do different work. A category being used where a distinction was needed Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| senses | anger, in this account - not a stronger version of negative feeling but a SPECIFIC ROUTE: it is argued to be tightly linked in memory to whites' negative racial attitudes, so it reaches them where another negative emotion may not. The claim is about association, not intensity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| senses | racial conservative and racial liberal, as defined here by WHERE THEY LOCATE THE CAUSE: conservatives find fault in the moral character of blacks, liberals blame the racism and discrimination endured. The two are separated by an attribution rather than by a policy position, which is what lets one emotion move them in opposite directions Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | builds-on → Bower and Forgas (2001) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | builds-on → Banks and Valentino (2012) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | replicates → Banks and Valentino (2012) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| concept_edges | anger —distinct-from→ fear Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: WHICH ONE IS BOUND TO RACIAL ATTITUDES IN MEMORY - the paper's claim is that they are not interchangeable negatives, and that the difference is associative rather than a matter of degree · strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: THE DISTINCTION THE PAPER EXISTS TO DRAW, and it is drawn against its own field: the charge is that research on racial priming conflates the two under 'negative emotion'. | concept_edges[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | racial conservatives —contrasted-with→ racial liberals Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: WHERE EACH LOCATES THE CAUSE of black disadvantage - in moral character, or in racism and discrimination endured. An attributional difference, not a policy one · strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: Recorded because the paper's headline result depends on it: the same anger, from the same advertisement, moves these two groups in OPPOSITE directions on the same policies. also in: racial conservatives · racial liberals | concept_edges[2] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | regression Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: regression | content_tags.statistics[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | interaction term in linear regression Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.statistics[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Cronbach's alpha (intercoder/scale reliability) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.statistics[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | bootstrap Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: bootstrap | content_tags.statistics[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | confidence interval Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: confidence interval | content_tags.statistics[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | An implicit racial appeal that arouses anger significantly amplifies the effect of symbolic racism on opposition to racial policies among whites. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | An implicit racial appeal that arouses fear does not boost the effect of symbolic racism on racial policy opinions. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Among whites low in symbolic racism, anger moved policy opinion in the opposite direction, making racial liberals more supportive of racial policies. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The marginal effect of anger on racial policy opinion grows monotonically with symbolic racism while the marginal effect of fear stays flat across the same range. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The emotion manipulation worked: open-ended responses in the anger ad condition showed significantly more intense anger than both the control and the fear conditions. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Overall, the experiment shows anger is the emotional channel through which an implicit racial appeal primes symbolic racism. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | implicit racial appeal Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: implicit racial appeal | content_tags.definitions[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | symbolic racism (SR) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: symbolic racism (SR) | content_tags.definitions[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | racial priming Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: racial priming | content_tags.definitions[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | appraisal theory of emotion Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: appraisal theory of emotion | content_tags.definitions[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | anger Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: anger | content_tags.definitions[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | symbolic racism Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: symbolic racism | content_tags.variables[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | racial policy opinions Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: racial policy opinions | content_tags.variables[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | age Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: age | content_tags.variables[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 113 — total number of experimental subjects in wave 2, of whom 85 were white Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 65 percent — share of the student sample who were liberals (a stated limitation of the convenience sample) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 59 percent — retention/response rate from wave 1 (190 subjects) to wave 2 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | β = .44; p ≥ .001 — intensity of expressed anger in the anger-ad condition relative to control, in the manipulation check Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | β = .57; p ≥ .001 — intensity of expressed fear in the fear-ad condition relative to control Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[4] | the tagger's words |
Tags that could not be placed in the text:
What was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.