standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| second reading | alternatives | an independent re-reading of a facet, recorded whether or not it agrees |
| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| concept edge | concept_edges | an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it |
| concept | concepts | an idea the paper works with, quoted where the paper uses it |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| contribution | contribution | what the paper claims to add |
| control | controls | an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| object of study | object_of_study | what the paper is about — the thing it investigates |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| research question | research_question | the question the paper sets itself |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
| transfer | transfers | a method or concept carried in from another field |
Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 15 relations here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| object_of_study | whether losing GABA release from parvalbumin interneurons in the ventral subiculum is by itself enough to produce temporal lobe epilepsy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | object_of_study | the paper's words | |
| research_question | whether a correlation seen in patients and models - selective loss of these cells - is causal, and whether the effect needs the silencing to be permanent Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | research_question | the paper's words | |
| contribution | permanent silencing produces spontaneous recurrent seizures with no neurodegeneration, while transient silencing of the same cells produces nothing unless an excitatory challenge is added Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | contribution | the paper's words | |
| claim_type | mechanism Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | temporal lobe epileptogenesis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | electrophysiology Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: electrophysiology | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[0] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[1] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | tetanus toxin light chain cleaves synaptobrevin, so GABA release is permanently gone from the transduced cells while the cells themselves survive Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | and the resulting loss of perisomatic feedforward inhibition lowers the seizure threshold enough that a subconvulsive dose precipitates convulsions and then lasting epilepsy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | these cells are described as crucial during excitatory challenge and transiently dispensable under basal conditions, which is why a short silencing does nothing on its own Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | with the later decline in seizure frequency attributed to unknown readaptation - inhibitory sprouting, reduced cannabinoid signaling, or compensation by untransduced cells Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[5] | 0.8 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | Vector expression was not confined to the subiculum, so silenced PV neurons elsewhere in the hippocampus may have contributed. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the attribution of the effect to subicular PV neurons: WE CANNOT EXCLUDE A CONTRIBUTION OF PV NEURONS SILENCED TO SOME EXTENT ALSO IN OTHER HIPPOCAMPAL SUBFIELDS | limitations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The absence of any change in overall evoked or miniature postsynaptic currents after silencing is unexplained. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the absence of change in evoked or miniature postsynaptic currents after silencing: THERE IS NO CLEAR EXPLANATION FOR THIS | limitations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Why seizure frequency declines after about five weeks is not known. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the decline in seizure frequency after about five weeks: THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS ARE UNCLEAR | limitations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The seizure frequency the model produces is modest in absolute terms - roughly one to two per week - but still ABOVE the range most patients with temporal lobe epilepsy experience. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the model's relevance to patients: THE FREQUENCY OF SRSs IS MODEST (APPROXIMATELY ONE TO TWO PER WEEK) BUT STILL BEYOND THE RANGE OF SEIZURE FREQUENCY IN MOST TLE PATIENTS · note: claim corrected 2026-08-20 by the project. The previous text read 'The seizure frequency obtained is low relative to most patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.', which REVERSES its own quote: the paper says the rate is modest 'BUT STILL BEYOND the range of seizure frequency in most TLE…'. limitations[6], grounded on the same sentence, already read it correctly, and the disagreement between the two is what exposed it. The quote, the anchor and the scope are unchanged. | limitations[3] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | the vector reached about 61% of parvalbumin cells and spilled beyond the subiculum, so a contribution from other subfields cannot be excluded Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the anatomical specificity of the manipulation: THE INJECTIONS WERE NOT EXCLUSIVELY RESTRICTED TO THE SUBICULUM, BUT OFTEN ALSO AFFECTED SOME PV-CONTAINING INTERNEURONS IN SECTOR CA1 AND THE PRESUBICULUM AND PARASUBICULUM | limitations[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | the standard synaptic measures showed nothing, and the paper says there is no clear explanation for that Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the mechanistic account of the behavioural effect: DESPITE THE SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS OF VECTOR INJECTIONS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF THE ANIMALS, NEITHER OVERALL eIPSCs OR EVOKED EPSCs NOR mIPSCs OR mEPSCs WERE AFFECTED IN SUBICULAR PYRAMIDAL CELLS | limitations[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | the seizure frequency the model produces is above what most patients with this epilepsy experience Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. duplicate of: limitations[3] · what this limits: the same scope as limitations[3] - the seizure rate is above the clinical range | limitations[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | the frequency of SRSs appeared to decline after several weeks, the underlying mechanisms are unclear, and one may consider a variety of mechanisms responsible for this Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the time course of the effect: THE FREQUENCY OF SRSs APPEARED TO DECLINE AFTER SEVERAL WEEKS. THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS ARE UNCLEAR | limitations[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | a Cre-dependent viral construct carrying tetanus toxin light chain, used to make a silencing permanent rather than reversible Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | the designer-receptor system, imported specifically to supply the SHORT time course the toxin cannot give Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | a CB1 agonist used not as a treatment but as a subtraction, to remove one inhibitory source so the other becomes visible Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | the observation that these cells are preferentially lost in patients, which is the correlation the whole experiment tries to convert into a cause Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | a matched GFP vector injected the same way, monitored for the same 6 to 8 weeks Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the injection of a vector as the cause - none of the AAV-GFP-injected mice exhibited C-SWDs or SRSs during the 6-8 week recording period · outcome: held | controls[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the transient-silencing drug given together with a threshold dose of the convulsant, in a separate group Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the reading that the transient manipulation simply failed to reduce GABA release - the null is a null about DURATION, not about whether anything happened · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the same threshold-dose challenge given 10 days after injection, to mice with only a few discharges and no seizures Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: kindling by repeated discharges as the source of the lowered threshold, since the threshold is already down before the discharges accumulate · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | a cannabinoid agonist applied to suppress release from the OTHER basket cell population before measuring Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the apparent absence of any synaptic effect - the manipulation is invisible until the competing inhibitory source is removed · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | double labeling of 2724 transduced neurons against GABA, parvalbumin and somatostatin in 25 mice Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: silencing of the wrong cell class as the explanation - though it also shows the classes overlap · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): partial | controls[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | an activity marker counted across the hippocampal formation and neighbouring cortices Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the possibility that the recorded events were local EEG artefacts rather than propagating seizures · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[5] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| concepts | GABA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: GABA | concepts[3] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | transient Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: transient | concepts[11] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | threshold Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: threshold | concepts[13] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | CNO Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: CNO | concepts[24] | the paper's words | |
| senses | THE DURATION OF THE MANIPULATION IS THE VARIABLE, NOT ITS TARGET: permanent silencing of these cells produces recurrent seizures, and TRANSIENT inhibition OF THE SAME CELLS IN THE SAME PLACE lowers the threshold but induces neither acute nor recurrent seizures Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | stated again as the conclusion - ONLY SUSTAINED, BUT NOT TRANSIENT, inhibition of GABA release is capable of inducing seizures or epilepsy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | AND THE NULL IS A NULL ONLY WITHOUT A PROBE: transient inhibition combined with a threshold dose of the convulsant produced discharges and acute seizures within two hours - these cells are CRUCIAL PROTECTORS DURING EXCITATORY CHALLENGE while TRANSIENTLY DISPENSABLE UNDER BASAL CONDITIONS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | with the control that makes the null readable at all - a separate group shows the drug DID impair GABA release, so the absence of seizures is about duration and not about whether the manipulation worked Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE STANDARD MEASURES ARE BLIND TO THE MANIPULATION AND THE PAPER SAYS SO: neither evoked nor miniature currents were affected despite the behavioral effect - THERE IS NO CLEAR EXPLANATION FOR THIS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the effect only appears once a competing source is pharmacologically removed - suppressing release from the OTHER basket cell population unmasks a reduction that the unsubtracted measure cannot see Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | measured as a difference of two subtractions - 33% reduction in controls against 59% in treated animals, where the raw amplitudes did not differ at all Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | A SELECTIVITY CLAIM WITH ITS OWN NUMBERS: 95.7% of transduced cells contained GABA, 83.2% parvalbumin and 23.7% somatostatin, from 2724 cells in 25 mice Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | AND THE CATEGORIES OVERLAP, SO THE SELECTIVE MANIPULATION IS NOT SELECTIVE TO ONE FUNCTION: 15 to 30% of parvalbumin neurons ALSO contain somatostatin, and those cells - a different circuit motif - WERE THEREFORE ALSO AFFECTED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | with the anatomical leak declared too - the injections were not exclusively restricted to the target, and a contribution from other subfields CANNOT BE EXCLUDED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the coverage stated as a fraction rather than as success - 61.4% of parvalbumin interneurons at the injection site Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | A LATENT STATE REVEALED BY A PROBE: mice with discharges but no seizures were already primed, and a threshold dose converted every one of them - and they then had recurrent seizures for the following two weeks Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | AND A RIVAL EXPLANATION ELIMINATED BY MOVING THE PROBE EARLIER IN TIME: challenging at 10 days, before discharges could accumulate, shows the lowered threshold is not kindling by repeated discharges Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[12] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | EPILEPSY WITHOUT CELL LOSS, WHICH IS WHAT MAKES IT A MODEL OF THE NONLESIONAL CASE: recurrent seizures develop NOTABLY WITHOUT SIGNS OF NEURODEGENERATION Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[13] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | THE EFFECT FADES AND NOBODY KNOWS WHY: the seizure frequency declines after several weeks, THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS ARE UNCLEAR, and five candidate mechanisms are listed with none tested Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | and the model is declared out of range of the disease it models - the seizure frequency is BEYOND THE RANGE of most patients with this epilepsy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[15] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | AN INHIBITORY CELL CLASS THAT MAY BE EXCITATORY: axo-axonic cells, silenced along with the rest, MAY ALSO EXERT AN EXCITATORY FUNCTION through a locally reversed chloride gradient Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[16] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | with the competing account of the same disease quoted in full - a deficit in DENDRITIC feedback inhibition lowers the threshold, while augmented SOMATIC feedforward inhibition limits epileptiform activity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[17] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| alternatives | claim_type: mechanism Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading reaching the same value. Recorded: mechanism — note: a second reading reaching the same value from a different sentence. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.claim_type | the tagger's words | |
| alternatives | method: two silencing tools with different time courses applied to the same cells in the same place, so that duration is the manipulated variable Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: electrophysiology — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.method | the tagger's words | |
| alternatives | phenomenon: temporal lobe epilepsy developing over a silent phase after an initial insult, with the mechanism of the transition poorly understood Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: temporal lobe epileptogenesis — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.phenomenon | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | builds-on → Andrioli et al. (2007), Knopp et al. (2008) and Drexel et al. (2011), reporting selective loss of subicular PV interneurons in TLE patients and animal models Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | extends → Cammarota et al. (2013), Lee et al. (2014) and Toyoda et al. (2015) on the protective role of fast-spiking PV basket cells at seizure onset Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | replicates → Murray et al. (2011) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | supports → the causal role of parvalbumin interneuron loss in the subiculum in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: Quotation withheld | claim_relations[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | qualifies → the reading that silencing these interneurons causes seizures - it does so only if the silencing is sustained Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: only irreversible silencing of PV neurons by TeLC expression, but not a transient inhibition | claim_relations[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | contradicts → the requirement that epilepsy in this model be accompanied by neurodegeneration Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | distinguishes-from → kindling by accumulated discharges as the source of the lowered seizure threshold Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: THE AXIS IS WHICH CAUSE PRODUCED THE THRESHOLD DROP. 'Quotation withheld.' The manipulation and its own downstream consequence are confounded by design - the silencing produces the discharges, and the discharges could produce the threshold change - so the paper names the loop before testing it. | claim_relations[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | critiques → its own synaptic measurements, which showed no effect and are left without a clear explanation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: THE AXIS IS WHICH LEVEL THE EFFECT APPEARS AT. 'Despite the significant effects of vector injections on the behavior of the animals, neither overall eIPSCs or evoked EPSCs nor mIPSCs or mEPSCs were affected in subicular pyramidal cells ... This is rather surprising.' A behavioural effect with no matching synaptic effect, reported as unexplained - the paper declines to reconcile its own two levels and says so. | claim_relations[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | supports → the account in which both dendritic and perisomatic inhibition matter, rather than one alone Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[8] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | PV —causes→ GABA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: GABA release inhibited SELECTIVELY from PV neurons, permanently, by a viral tetanus toxin light chain
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the study inhibited GABA RELEASE FROM PV neurons; 'PV causes GABA' is loose. | concept_edges[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | permanent —contrasted-with→ transient Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: THE DURATION IS THE VARIABLE, NOT THE TARGET - transient inhibition of the SAME cells in the SAME place lowered the threshold but induced NEITHER acute NOR recurrent seizures | concept_edges[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | transient —causes→ threshold Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. direction on the measure: reduces · strength of the relation: 1
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span is cut before the threshold claim completes. | concept_edges[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | TeLC —contrasted-with→ DREADD Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: THE AXIS IS PERMANENCE OF THE SILENCING, WITH THE TRANSIENT DURATION GIVEN. 'only irreversible silencing of PV neurons by TeLC expression, but not A TRANSIENT INHIBITION (FOR ~1 TO 2 H) through the DREADD system, results in C-SWDs or SRSs.' Both tools silence the same cells; the phenotype appears only for the irreversible one, so the result is about DURATION rather than about PV neurons - and a study using DREADDs would have found nothing and concluded differently. · strength of the relation: 1 · note: and the null turns positive with a probe - transient inhibition PLUS a threshold dose gave discharges and acute seizures, so these cells are CRUCIAL PROTECTORS DURING EXCITATORY CHALLENGE and TRANSIENTLY DISPENSABLE UNDER BASAL CONDITIONS | concept_edges[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | CNO —causes→ GABA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. direction on the measure: reduces · strength of the relation: 1 · note: THE CONTROL THAT MAKES THE NULL READABLE - a separate group shows the drug DID impair GABA release, so the absence of seizures is about duration, not about whether anything happened | concept_edges[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | PTZ —causes→ seizure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but PTZ is the convulsant challenge; the span shown is about verifying inhibition. | concept_edges[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | basket cell —causes→ eIPSC Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: the effect appears only once a COMPETING SOURCE is pharmacologically removed - suppressing release from the OTHER basket cell population unmasks a reduction the unsubtracted measure cannot see also in: basket cell · eIPSC | concept_edges[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | TeLC —causes→ eIPSC Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: a difference of two subtractions - 33% reduction in controls against 59% in treated animals, where the raw amplitudes did not differ at all
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but TeLC-injected mice showed a larger WIN-induced eIPSC reduction (59% against 33%); causes is indirect and drops the comparison. | concept_edges[16] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | TeLC —causes→ EEG Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: 88% showed clustered discharges by day 16 and 64% at least one spontaneous seizure by day 28; NONE of the control-vector mice showed either
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but AAV-TeLC injection produced spike-wave discharges and seizures SEEN IN the EEG; 'causes EEG' is loose. | concept_edges[22] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | neurodegeneration —distinct-from→ epilepsy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: EPILEPSY WITHOUT CELL LOSS, which is what makes it a model of the nonlesional case - NOTABLY WITHOUT SIGNS OF NEURODEGENERATION
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but epilepsy was induced 'notably WITHOUT signs of neurodegeneration'; distinct-from is loose. also in: neurodegeneration · epilepsy | concept_edges[23] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | permanent —causes→ seizure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span says restricted inhibition induces recurrent discharges progressing to seizures; 'permanent' is a fragment endpoint. | concept_edges[24] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | threshold —operationalised-as→ PTZ Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: A LATENT STATE REVEALED BY A PROBE - a threshold dose converted every primed mouse, and they then had recurrent seizures for the following two weeks
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but PTZ was used to test seizure threshold; operationalised-as is loose. | concept_edges[25] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | basket cell —causes→ pyramidal Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span says basket cells exert feedforward inhibition on pyramidal cells; causes 'pyramidal' drops 'inhibition'. also in: basket cell · pyramidal | concept_edges[35] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | PV —part-of→ subiculum Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: the correlation the experiment tries to convert into a cause - PV interneurons preferentially lost in the subiculum of patients EVEN WITHOUT sclerosis
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span says PV interneurons are lost in the subiculum; part-of is loose. | concept_edges[36] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | pyramidal —part-of→ subiculum Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but pyramidal neurons of the subiculum; part-of is loose. | concept_edges[43] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Fisher's exact test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Fisher's exact test | content_tags.statistics[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Kruskal-Wallis test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Kruskal-Wallis test | content_tags.statistics[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ANOVA | content_tags.statistics[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | t-test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: t-test | content_tags.statistics[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | statistical-significance Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: statistical-significance | content_tags.statistics[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | standard error of the mean Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: standard error of the mean | content_tags.statistics[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA | content_tags.statistics[6] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Kruskal–Wallis test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Kruskal–Wallis test | content_tags.statistics[7] | 0.8 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | eighty-eight percent of the mice presented clusters of spike-wave discharges (C-SWDs) and 64% showed spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The epilepsy developed without any detectable loss of parvalbumin or GABA neurons, i.e. without neurodegeneration. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Transient chemogenetic silencing of PV neurons for 1-2 h induced no discharge clusters or seizures over the following 5 days. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Inhibiting GABA release from subicular/CA1 PV interneurons is by itself sufficient to lower the seizure threshold. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The manipulation selectively cut the parvalbumin-mediated component of inhibition onto subicular pyramidal cells while leaving cholecystokinin-basket-cell inhibition intact. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Seizure frequency did not grow indefinitely but fell back after about five weeks. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | A PTZ dose provoked acute tonic-clonic seizures in all TeLC-injected mice but in only one of seven GFP controls and none of five wild-type mice. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | THE DURATION OF THE MANIPULATION IS THE VARIABLE, NOT ITS TARGET: transient inhibition of the SAME cells in the SAME place lowered the seizure threshold but induced NEITHER acute NOR recurrent seizures Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | ONLY SUSTAINED, BUT NOT TRANSIENT, inhibition of GABA release from these neurons is capable of inducing seizures or epilepsy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | AND THE NULL IS A NULL ONLY WITHOUT A PROBE: transient inhibition plus a threshold dose gave discharges and acute seizures - these cells are crucial protectors during excitatory challenge and TRANSIENTLY DISPENSABLE under basal conditions Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | with the control that makes the null readable - a separate group shows the drug DID impair GABA release Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | THE STANDARD MEASURES ARE BLIND TO THE MANIPULATION: neither evoked nor miniature currents were affected despite the behavioral effect, and THERE IS NO CLEAR EXPLANATION FOR THIS Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | and the effect appears only once a competing source is pharmacologically removed Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[12] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | measured as a difference of two subtractions - 33% reduction in controls against 59% in treated animals Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[13] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | A SELECTIVITY CLAIM WITH ITS OWN NUMBERS: 95.7% of transduced cells contained GABA, 83.2% parvalbumin and 23.7% somatostatin, from 2724 cells in 25 mice Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | AND THE CATEGORIES OVERLAP: 15 to 30% of parvalbumin neurons also contain somatostatin, and those cells WERE THEREFORE ALSO AFFECTED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[15] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | with the anatomical leak declared - the injections were not exclusively restricted to the target and a contribution from other subfields CANNOT BE EXCLUDED Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[16] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | and the coverage stated as a fraction rather than as success - 61.4% of parvalbumin interneurons at the injection site Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[17] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 22 of the 25 mice (88%) exhibited unprovoked C-SWDs, and NONE of the AAV-GFP-injected mice exhibited C-SWDs or SRSs during the 6-8 week recording period Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[18] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | EPILEPSY WITHOUT CELL LOSS: recurrent seizures develop NOTABLY WITHOUT SIGNS OF NEURODEGENERATION, which is what makes it a model of the nonlesional case Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[19] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | A LATENT STATE REVEALED BY A PROBE: mice with discharges but no seizures were already primed, and a threshold dose converted every one of them Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[20] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | AND A RIVAL ELIMINATED BY MOVING THE PROBE EARLIER IN TIME: challenging at 10 days shows the lowered threshold is not kindling by accumulated discharges Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[21] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | seizure frequency declined after several weeks, the mechanisms are unclear, and several candidate explanations are listed Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[22] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | and the model is declared out of range of the disease it models - the seizure frequency is BEYOND THE RANGE of most patients Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[23] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | axo-axonic cells may also exert an excitatory function through a locally reversed chloride gradient at their synapses Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[24] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | with the competing account quoted in full - a deficit in DENDRITIC feedback inhibition lowers the threshold while augmented SOMATIC feedforward inhibition limits epileptiform activity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. WHOSE RESULT THIS IS: Cossart et al. (2001) proposed - THE EVIDENCE FOR THIS ROW ATTRIBUTES THE WORK TO SOMEBODY ELSE. The cited name is the subject of a result verb and the sentence carries no first-person marker, so the finding, quantity or definition is the CITED author's rather than this record's. The claim is true and the quote is verbatim - what is wrong is whose result the corpus says it is. Nothing edited, nothing withdrawn: the row is marked so a page can name the source. Where the record is a commentary or review, its claim relations layer usually already names the paper being discussed - the record knows at one layer and forgets at another. | content_tags.findings[25] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the transition from a normal to an epileptic brain takes years, and its cellular and molecular mechanisms are STILL POORLY UNDERSTOOD Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[26] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | ΔFosB was only barely expressed in controls and in mice that exhibited only C-SWDs, and prominently labeled neurons in the hippocampus, subiculum, and entorhinal and perirhinal cortices after frequent SRSs Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[27] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | with the human parallel stated - AS IN PATIENTS WITH NONLESIONAL TLE, these mice developed epilepsy without signs of neurodegeneration Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[28] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | and activating EITHER dendritic or perisomatic inhibition suppressed epileptiform activity, with all GABA neurons together more effective than either Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[29] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | seizure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: seizure | content_tags.definitions[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | C-SWDs Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: C-SWDs | content_tags.definitions[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | DREADD (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.definitions[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | tetanus toxin light chain Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: tetanus toxin light chain | content_tags.definitions[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | TeLC Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: TeLC | content_tags.definitions[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | DREADD Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: DREADD | content_tags.definitions[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | feedforward Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: feedforward | content_tags.definitions[6] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | threshold Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: threshold | content_tags.definitions[7] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | seizure threshold Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: seizure threshold | content_tags.variables[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | GFP vector Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: GFP vector | content_tags.variables[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | threshold Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: threshold | content_tags.variables[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | frequency Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: frequency | content_tags.variables[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | expression Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: expression | content_tags.variables[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | transient Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: transient | content_tags.variables[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 88% — proportion of vector-injected mice showing unprovoked clusters of spike-wave discharges by day 16 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 64% — proportion of TeLC-injected mice that went on to develop spontaneous recurrent seizures Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 61.4 ± 2.43% — fraction of parvalbumin interneurons at the injection site that expressed the silencing construct Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 89.5% — share of spontaneous seizures that were immediately preceded by a preictal discharge cluster Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 24.6 ± 0.62 s — average duration of a spontaneous recurrent seizure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 40.0 ± 9.07 per month/mouse — rate of discharge clusters per mouse per month Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | F (1,20) = 4.72, p = 0.0419 — group effect on the cannabinoid-insensitive (parvalbumin-mediated) component of the evoked IPSC Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 33% / 59% — reduction of evoked IPSC amplitude by the CB1 agonist in control versus silenced mice Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[7] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ∼73% — share of mice in which discharge clusters progressed to spontaneous recurrent seizures Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[8] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | p = 0.0047 — significance of the difference in acute pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions between silenced mice and controls Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[9] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 61.4 ± 2.43% — of the target cells actually reached by the vector - the manipulation's coverage stated as a fraction, so 'selective silencing' in the title means silencing three cells in five Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 95.7 ± 0.68%, 83.2 ± 1.27%, and 23.7 ± 1.61% — of transduced cells containing GABA, parvalbumin and somatostatin - the third number is the one that shows the target category is not one functional class Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 15–30% — of parvalbumin neurons that also contain somatostatin, so a manipulation aimed at one circuit motif necessarily hits another Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[12] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 33% ... 59% — the reduction in the amplitude of eIPSCs by WIN 55,212-2 in AAV-GFP-injected mice and in mice injected with AAV-TeLC Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[13] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | one to two per week — the seizure frequency the model produces, stated as being ABOVE what most patients experience - a model's severity reported against its target rather than on its own Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[14] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
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What was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.