phenomenon · claim-type · cross-domain-transfer · mechanism · claim-relation · replication-status · limitation — grounded in the full text| phenomenon | temporal lobe epileptogenesis— “Development of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) generally takes years after an initial insult during which maladaptation of hippocampal circuitries takes place.” | |
| claim-type | mechanism— “Our data demonstrate a critical role for perisomatic inhibition mediated by PV-containing interneurons, suggesting that their sustained silencing could be causally involved in the development of TLE.” | |
| method — evidence | — “We then performed telemetric EEG recordings for up to 57 d in freely moving mice injected with AAV-TeLC ( n = 25) or AAV-GFP ( n = 9) into the subiculum ( Fig. 3 ).” | |
| object of study — evidence | — “To demonstrate a possible causative role of defunct PV neurons in the generation of TLE, we permanently inhibited GABA release selectively from PV neurons of the ventral subiculum by injecting a viral vector expressing tetanus toxin light chain in male mice. Subsequently, mice were subjected to telemetric EEG recording and video monitoring.… | |
| research question — evidence | — “Interestingly, PV-containing interneurons are preferentially lost in the subiculum of patients with TLE even without Ammon's horn sclerosis ( Andrioli et al., 2007 ). Also in animal models of TLE, PV-containing interneurons of the subiculum selectively degenerate after an initial status epilepticus ( Dinocourt et al., 2003 ; Knopp et… | |
| contribution — evidence | — “In contrast to permanent silencing of PV neurons, transient inhibition of GABA release from PV neurons through the designer receptor hM4Di selectively expressed in PV-containing neurons transiently reduced the seizure threshold of the mice but induced neither acute nor recurrent seizures. Our data demonstrate a critical role for perisomatic… | |
| transfer | from molecular virology: a Cre-dependent viral construct carrying tetanus toxin light chain, used to make a silencing permanent rather than reversible— “To demonstrate a possible causative role of defunct PV neurons in the generation of TLE, we permanently inhibited GABA release selectively from PV neurons of the ventral subiculum by injecting a viral vector expressing tetanus toxin light chain in male mice. Subsequently, mice were subjected to telemetric EEG recording and video monitoring.… | transfers[0] |
| transfer | from chemogenetics: the designer-receptor system, imported specifically to supply the SHORT time course the toxin cannot give— “At this point, we asked whether already transient inhibition of GABA release from PV-containing interneurons would be sufficient to induce C-SWDs and SRSs. We therefore injected PV-cre mice into the ventral subiculum with AAV vector-expressing hM4Di receptors (AAV -hM4Di ), which are exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADD; Roth, 2016… | transfers[1] |
| transfer | from cannabinoid pharmacology: a CB1 agonist used not as a treatment but as a subtraction, to remove one inhibitory source so the other becomes visible— “However, when we applied the CB1 receptor agonist WIN 55,212–2 to suppress GABA release from non-PV, cholecystokinin (CCK)-containing basket cells we observed, consistent with a previous report on CA1 neurons ( Murray et al., 2011 ), that the amplitude of the WIN 55,212–2-insensitive component of the eIPSC (representing inhibition mediated by… | transfers[2] |
| transfer | from clinical neuropathology: the observation that these cells are preferentially lost in patients, which is the correlation the whole experiment tries to convert into a cause— “Interestingly, PV-containing interneurons are preferentially lost in the subiculum of patients with TLE even without Ammon's horn sclerosis ( Andrioli et al., 2007 ). Also in animal models of TLE, PV-containing interneurons of the subiculum selectively degenerate after an initial status epilepticus ( Dinocourt et al., 2003 ; Knopp et… | transfers[3] |
| mechanism | sustained loss of perisomatic feedforward inhibition from parvalbumin basket cells lowers the seizure threshold of subicular pyramidal cells, which then generates spike-wave clusters and spontaneous seizures— “We provide experimental evidence that selective permanent inhibition of PV-containing interneurons may reduce perisomatic feedforward inhibition in vivo , resulting in a decrease in seizure threshold with the development of C-SWDs and SRSs (i.e., epilepsy) without signs of neurodegeneration.” | mechanisms[0] |
| mechanism | compensatory readaptation of the disturbed circuit (e.g. sprouting of inhibitory terminals) gradually damps the seizure rate after several weeks— “One may consider a variety of mechanisms responsible for this, such as the fading of seizure frequency reflecting readaptation of the disturbed neuronal circuitry.” | mechanisms[1] |
| mechanism | tetanus toxin light chain cleaves synaptobrevin, so GABA release is permanently gone from the transduced cells while the cells themselves survive— “To demonstrate a possible causative role of defunct PV neurons in the generation of TLE, we permanently inhibited GABA release selectively from PV neurons of the ventral subiculum by injecting a viral vector expressing tetanus toxin light chain in male mice. Subsequently, mice were subjected to telemetric EEG recording and video monitoring.… | mechanisms[2] |
| mechanism | and the resulting loss of perisomatic feedforward inhibition lowers the seizure threshold enough that a subconvulsive dose precipitates convulsions and then lasting epilepsy— “We demonstrate that anatomically restricted inhibition of GABA release from PV-containing interneurons in the subiculum, notably without signs of neurodegeneration, induces recurrent C-SWDs that progress to SRSs in ∼73% of the mice. Recurrent C-SWDs reflect a permanent decrease in seizure threshold since a threshold dose of the GABA A… | mechanisms[3] |
| mechanism | these cells are described as crucial during excitatory challenge and transiently dispensable under basal conditions, which is why a short silencing does nothing on its own— “It is important to note that only irreversible silencing of PV neurons by TeLC expression, but not a transient inhibition (for ∼1 to 2 h) through the DREADD system, results in C-SWDs or SRSs. However, when transient inhibition of GABA release from PV cells of the ventral subiculum was coinciding with systemic application of a threshold dose… | mechanisms[4] |
| mechanism | with the later decline in seizure frequency attributed to unknown readaptation - inhibitory sprouting, reduced cannabinoid signaling, or compensation by untransduced cells— “It was striking, however, that the frequency of SRSs appeared to decline after several weeks. The underlying mechanisms are unclear. One may consider a variety of mechanisms responsible for this, such as the fading of seizure frequency reflecting readaptation of the disturbed neuronal circuitry. One such mechanism may include the sprouting of… | mechanisms[5] |
| builds-on | Andrioli et al. (2007), Knopp et al. (2008) and Drexel et al. (2011), reporting selective loss of subicular PV interneurons in TLE patients and animal models— “Our present experiments build on previous findings reporting selective losses in PV-containing interneurons in the subiculum of patients with TLE and in animal models of TLE ( Andrioli et al., 2007 ; Knopp et al., 2008 ; Drexel et al., 2011 ).” | claim_relations[0] |
| extends | Cammarota et al. (2013), Lee et al. (2014) and Toyoda et al. (2015) on the protective role of fast-spiking PV basket cells at seizure onset— “Our present experiments are in line with these findings by showing that focal silencing of PV neurons unilaterally in the ventral subiculum was sufficient to induce lasting SRSs in the absence of cellular signs of neurodegeneration.” | claim_relations[1] |
| replicates | Murray et al. (2011)— “This is rather surprising but is consistent with the previous data from the study by Murray et al. (2011) .” | claim_relations[2] |
| supports | the causal role of parvalbumin interneuron loss in the subiculum in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy— “Together, our experiments demonstrate a pivotal role of PV-containing basket cells for controlling the excitability of pyramidal neurons in the subiculum. We provide experimental evidence that selective permanent inhibition of PV-containing interneurons may reduce perisomatic feedforward inhibition in vivo , resulting in a decrease in seizure… | claim_relations[3] |
| qualifies | the reading that silencing these interneurons causes seizures - it does so only if the silencing is sustained— “In contrast to permanent silencing of PV neurons, transient inhibition of GABA release from PV neurons through the designer receptor hM4Di selectively expressed in PV-containing neurons transiently reduced the seizure threshold of the mice but induced neither acute nor recurrent seizures. Our data demonstrate a critical role for perisomatic… | claim_relations[4] |
| contradicts | the requirement that epilepsy in this model be accompanied by neurodegeneration— “We demonstrate that anatomically restricted inhibition of GABA release from PV-containing interneurons in the subiculum, notably without signs of neurodegeneration, induces recurrent C-SWDs that progress to SRSs in ∼73% of the mice. Recurrent C-SWDs reflect a permanent decrease in seizure threshold since a threshold dose of the GABA A… | claim_relations[5] |
| distinguishes-from | kindling by accumulated discharges as the source of the lowered seizure threshold— “From these experiments, the question arose of whether the decrease in seizure threshold was a consequence of silencing PV-containing interneurons or was induced (as in kindling) by repeated C-SWDs experienced over a prolonged period of time. We therefore challenged another group of… | claim_relations[6] |
| critiques | its own synaptic measurements, which showed no effect and are left without a clear explanation | claim_relations[7] |
| supports | the account in which both dendritic and perisomatic inhibition matter, rather than one alone Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[8] |
| sense | THE DURATION OF THE MANIPULATION IS THE VARIABLE, NOT ITS TARGET: permanent silencing of these cells produces recurrent seizures, and TRANSIENT inhibition OF THE SAME CELLS IN THE SAME PLACE lowers the threshold but induces neither acute nor recurrent seizures Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[0] |
| sense | stated again as the conclusion - ONLY SUSTAINED, BUT NOT TRANSIENT, inhibition of GABA release is capable of inducing seizures or epilepsy Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[1] |
| sense | AND THE NULL IS A NULL ONLY WITHOUT A PROBE: transient inhibition combined with a threshold dose of the convulsant produced discharges and acute seizures within two hours - these cells are CRUCIAL PROTECTORS DURING EXCITATORY CHALLENGE while TRANSIENTLY DISPENSABLE UNDER BASAL CONDITIONS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[2] |
| sense | with the control that makes the null readable at all - a separate group shows the drug DID impair GABA release, so the absence of seizures is about duration and not about whether the manipulation worked Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[3] |
| sense | THE STANDARD MEASURES ARE BLIND TO THE MANIPULATION AND THE PAPER SAYS SO: neither evoked nor miniature currents were affected despite the behavioral effect - THERE IS NO CLEAR EXPLANATION FOR THIS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[4] |
| sense | and the effect only appears once a competing source is pharmacologically removed - suppressing release from the OTHER basket cell population unmasks a reduction that the unsubtracted measure cannot see Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[5] |
| sense | measured as a difference of two subtractions - 33% reduction in controls against 59% in treated animals, where the raw amplitudes did not differ at all Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[6] |
| sense | A SELECTIVITY CLAIM WITH ITS OWN NUMBERS: 95.7% of transduced cells contained GABA, 83.2% parvalbumin and 23.7% somatostatin, from 2724 cells in 25 mice Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[7] |
| sense | AND THE CATEGORIES OVERLAP, SO THE SELECTIVE MANIPULATION IS NOT SELECTIVE TO ONE FUNCTION: 15 to 30% of parvalbumin neurons ALSO contain somatostatin, and those cells - a different circuit motif - WERE THEREFORE ALSO AFFECTED Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[8] |
| sense | with the anatomical leak declared too - the injections were not exclusively restricted to the target, and a contribution from other subfields CANNOT BE EXCLUDED Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[9] |
| sense | and the coverage stated as a fraction rather than as success - 61.4% of parvalbumin interneurons at the injection site Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[10] |
| sense | A LATENT STATE REVEALED BY A PROBE: mice with discharges but no seizures were already primed, and a threshold dose converted every one of them - and they then had recurrent seizures for the following two weeks Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[11] |
| sense | AND A RIVAL EXPLANATION ELIMINATED BY MOVING THE PROBE EARLIER IN TIME: challenging at 10 days, before discharges could accumulate, shows the lowered threshold is not kindling by repeated discharges Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[12] |
| sense | EPILEPSY WITHOUT CELL LOSS, WHICH IS WHAT MAKES IT A MODEL OF THE NONLESIONAL CASE: recurrent seizures develop NOTABLY WITHOUT SIGNS OF NEURODEGENERATION Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[13] |
| sense | THE EFFECT FADES AND NOBODY KNOWS WHY: the seizure frequency declines after several weeks, THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS ARE UNCLEAR, and five candidate mechanisms are listed with none tested Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[14] |
| sense | and the model is declared out of range of the disease it models - the seizure frequency is BEYOND THE RANGE of most patients with this epilepsy Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[15] |
| sense | AN INHIBITORY CELL CLASS THAT MAY BE EXCITATORY: axo-axonic cells, silenced along with the rest, MAY ALSO EXERT AN EXCITATORY FUNCTION through a locally reversed chloride gradient Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[16] |
| sense | with the competing account of the same disease quoted in full - a deficit in DENDRITIC feedback inhibition lowers the threshold, while augmented SOMATIC feedforward inhibition limits epileptiform activity Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[17] |
| control | a matched GFP vector injected the same way, monitored for the same 6 to 8 weeks — held Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. — rules out the injection of a vector as the cause - none of the AAV-GFP-injected mice exhibited C-SWDs or SRSs during the 6-8 week recording period Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[0] |
| control | the transient-silencing drug given together with a threshold dose of the convulsant, in a separate group — held — rules out the reading that the transient manipulation simply failed to reduce GABA release - the null is a null about DURATION, not about whether anything happened Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[1] |
| control | the same threshold-dose challenge given 10 days after injection, to mice with only a few discharges and no seizures — held — rules out kindling by repeated discharges as the source of the lowered threshold, since the threshold is already down before the discharges accumulate Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[2] |
| control | a cannabinoid agonist applied to suppress release from the OTHER basket cell population before measuring — held — rules out the apparent absence of any synaptic effect - the manipulation is invisible until the competing inhibitory source is removed Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[3] |
| control | double labeling of 2724 transduced neurons against GABA, parvalbumin and somatostatin in 25 mice — partial — rules out silencing of the wrong cell class as the explanation - though it also shows the classes overlap Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[4] |
| control | an activity marker counted across the hippocampal formation and neighbouring cortices — held — rules out the possibility that the recorded events were local EEG artefacts rather than propagating seizures Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[5] |
| differs in | the causal role of parvalbumin interneuron loss in the subiculum in the development of temporal lobe epilepsy — only sustained, but not transient, inhibition of GABA release from PV-containing neurons is capable of inducing seizures/epilepsy Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[3] |
| differs in | the reading that silencing these interneurons causes seizures - it does so only if the silencing is sustained — only irreversible silencing of PV neurons by TeLC expression, but not a transient inhibition Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[4] |
| differs in | kindling by accumulated discharges as the source of the lowered seizure threshold — THE AXIS IS WHICH CAUSE PRODUCED THE THRESHOLD DROP. 'the question arose of whether the decrease in seizure threshold was a consequence of silencing PV-containing interneurons or was induced (as in kindling) by repeated C-SWDs experienced over a prolonged period of time.' The manipulation and its own downstream consequence are confounded by design - the silencing produces the discharges, and the discharges could produce the threshold change - so the paper names the loop before testing it. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[6] |
| differs in | its own synaptic measurements, which showed no effect and are left without a clear explanation — THE AXIS IS WHICH LEVEL THE EFFECT APPEARS AT. 'Despite the significant effects of vector injections on the behavior of the animals, neither overall eIPSCs or evoked EPSCs nor mIPSCs or mEPSCs were affected in subicular pyramidal cells ... This is rather surprising.' A behavioural effect with no matching synaptic effect, reported as unexplained - the paper declines to reconcile its own two levels and says so. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[7] |
| audit | PV —causes→ GABA — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the study inhibited GABA RELEASE FROM PV neurons; 'PV causes GABA' is loose. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[0] |
| note | PV —causes→ GABA — GABA release inhibited SELECTIVELY from PV neurons, permanently, by a viral tetanus toxin light chain Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[0] |
| note | permanent —contrasted-with→ transient — THE DURATION IS THE VARIABLE, NOT THE TARGET - transient inhibition of the SAME cells in the SAME place lowered the threshold but induced NEITHER acute NOR recurrent seizures Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| audit | transient —causes→ threshold — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span is cut before the threshold claim completes. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| effect direction | transient —causes→ threshold — reduces Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| differs in | TeLC —contrasted-with→ DREADD — THE AXIS IS PERMANENCE OF THE SILENCING, WITH THE TRANSIENT DURATION GIVEN. 'only irreversible silencing of PV neurons by TeLC expression, but not A TRANSIENT INHIBITION (FOR ~1 TO 2 H) through the DREADD system, results in C-SWDs or SRSs.' Both tools silence the same cells; the phenotype appears only for the irreversible one, so the result is about DURATION rather than about PV neurons - and a study using DREADDs would have found nothing and concluded differently. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[8] |
| note | TeLC —contrasted-with→ DREADD — and the null turns positive with a probe - transient inhibition PLUS a threshold dose gave discharges and acute seizures, so these cells are CRUCIAL PROTECTORS DURING EXCITATORY CHALLENGE and TRANSIENTLY DISPENSABLE UNDER BASAL CONDITIONS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[8] |
| effect direction | CNO —causes→ GABA — reduces Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[10] |
| note | CNO —causes→ GABA — THE CONTROL THAT MAKES THE NULL READABLE - a separate group shows the drug DID impair GABA release, so the absence of seizures is about duration, not about whether anything happened Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[10] |
| audit | PTZ —causes→ seizure — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but PTZ is the convulsant challenge; the span shown is about verifying inhibition. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[11] |
| note | basket cell —causes→ eIPSC — the effect appears only once a COMPETING SOURCE is pharmacologically removed - suppressing release from the OTHER basket cell population unmasks a reduction the unsubtracted measure cannot see Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[14] |
| audit | TeLC —causes→ eIPSC — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but TeLC-injected mice showed a larger WIN-induced eIPSC reduction (59% against 33%); causes is indirect and drops the comparison. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[16] |
| note | TeLC —causes→ eIPSC — a difference of two subtractions - 33% reduction in controls against 59% in treated animals, where the raw amplitudes did not differ at all Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[16] |
| audit | TeLC —causes→ EEG — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but AAV-TeLC injection produced spike-wave discharges and seizures SEEN IN the EEG; 'causes EEG' is loose. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[22] |
| note | TeLC —causes→ EEG — 88% showed clustered discharges by day 16 and 64% at least one spontaneous seizure by day 28; NONE of the control-vector mice showed either Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[22] |
| audit | neurodegeneration —distinct-from→ epilepsy — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but epilepsy was induced 'notably WITHOUT signs of neurodegeneration'; distinct-from is loose. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[23] |
| note | neurodegeneration —distinct-from→ epilepsy — EPILEPSY WITHOUT CELL LOSS, which is what makes it a model of the nonlesional case - NOTABLY WITHOUT SIGNS OF NEURODEGENERATION Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[23] |
| audit | permanent —causes→ seizure — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span says restricted inhibition induces recurrent discharges progressing to seizures; 'permanent' is a fragment endpoint. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[24] |
| audit | threshold —operationalised-as→ PTZ — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but PTZ was used to test seizure threshold; operationalised-as is loose. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[25] |
| note | threshold —operationalised-as→ PTZ — A LATENT STATE REVEALED BY A PROBE - a threshold dose converted every primed mouse, and they then had recurrent seizures for the following two weeks Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[25] |
| audit | basket cell —causes→ pyramidal — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span says basket cells exert feedforward inhibition on pyramidal cells; causes 'pyramidal' drops 'inhibition'. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[35] |
| audit | PV —part-of→ subiculum — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span says PV interneurons are lost in the subiculum; part-of is loose. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[36] |
| note | PV —part-of→ subiculum — the correlation the experiment tries to convert into a cause - PV interneurons preferentially lost in the subiculum of patients EVEN WITHOUT sclerosis Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[36] |
| audit | pyramidal —part-of→ subiculum — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but pyramidal neurons of the subiculum; part-of is loose. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[43] |
| outcome | control — held Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[0] |
| outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation) | control — held | controls[1] |
| outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation) | control — held | controls[2] |
| outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation) | control — held | controls[3] |
| outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation) | control — partial | controls[4] |
| outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation) | control — held | controls[5] |
| for which use | limitation — the attribution of the effect to subicular PV neurons: WE CANNOT EXCLUDE A CONTRIBUTION OF PV NEURONS SILENCED TO SOME EXTENT ALSO IN OTHER HIPPOCAMPAL SUBFIELDS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| for which use | limitation — the absence of change in evoked or miniature postsynaptic currents after silencing: THERE IS NO CLEAR EXPLANATION FOR THIS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
| for which use | limitation — the decline in seizure frequency after about five weeks: THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS ARE UNCLEAR Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[2] |
| for which use | limitation — the model's relevance to patients: THE FREQUENCY OF SRSs IS MODEST (APPROXIMATELY ONE TO TWO PER WEEK) BUT STILL BEYOND THE RANGE OF SEIZURE FREQUENCY IN MOST TLE PATIENTS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
| note | limitation — claim corrected 2026-08-20 by the project. The previous text read 'The seizure frequency obtained is low relative to most patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.', which REVERSES its own quote: the paper says the rate is modest 'BUT STILL BEYOND the range of seizure frequency in most TLE…'. limitations[6], grounded on the same sentence, already read it correctly, and the disagreement between the two is what exposed it. The quote, the anchor and the scope are unchanged. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
| for which use | limitation — the anatomical specificity of the manipulation: THE INJECTIONS WERE NOT EXCLUSIVELY RESTRICTED TO THE SUBICULUM, BUT OFTEN ALSO AFFECTED SOME PV-CONTAINING INTERNEURONS IN SECTOR CA1 AND THE PRESUBICULUM AND PARASUBICULUM Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[4] |
| for which use | limitation — the mechanistic account of the behavioural effect: DESPITE THE SIGNIFICANT EFFECTS OF VECTOR INJECTIONS ON THE BEHAVIOR OF THE ANIMALS, NEITHER OVERALL eIPSCs OR EVOKED EPSCs NOR mIPSCs OR mEPSCs WERE AFFECTED IN SUBICULAR PYRAMIDAL CELLS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[5] |
| duplicate of | limitation — limitations[3] Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[6] |
| for which use | limitation — the same scope as limitations[3] - the seizure rate is above the clinical range Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[6] |
| for which use | limitation — the time course of the effect: THE FREQUENCY OF SRSs APPEARED TO DECLINE AFTER SEVERAL WEEKS. THE UNDERLYING MECHANISMS ARE UNCLEAR Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[7] |
| replication | untested | |
| limitation | Vector expression was not confined to the subiculum, so silenced PV neurons elsewhere in the hippocampus may have contributed. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| limitation | The absence of any change in overall evoked or miniature postsynaptic currents after silencing is unexplained. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
| limitation | Why seizure frequency declines after about five weeks is not known. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[2] |
| limitation | The seizure frequency the model produces is modest in absolute terms - roughly one to two per week - but still ABOVE the range most patients with temporal lobe epilepsy experience. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
| limitation | the vector reached about 61% of parvalbumin cells and spilled beyond the subiculum, so a contribution from other subfields cannot be excluded Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[4] |
| limitation | the standard synaptic measures showed nothing, and the paper says there is no clear explanation for that Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[5] |
| limitation | the seizure frequency the model produces is above what most patients with this epilepsy experience Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[6] |
| limitation | the frequency of SRSs appeared to decline after several weeks, the underlying mechanisms are unclear, and one may consider a variety of mechanisms responsible for this Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[7] |
finding · quantity · variable · definition · key-term — grounded in the full text| finding | eighty-eight percent of the mice presented clusters of spike-wave discharges (C-SWDs) and 64% showed spontaneous recurrent seizures (SRSs) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[0] |
| finding | The epilepsy developed without any detectable loss of parvalbumin or GABA neurons, i.e. without neurodegeneration. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[1] |
| finding | Transient chemogenetic silencing of PV neurons for 1-2 h induced no discharge clusters or seizures over the following 5 days. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[2] |
| finding | Inhibiting GABA release from subicular/CA1 PV interneurons is by itself sufficient to lower the seizure threshold. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[3] |
| finding | The manipulation selectively cut the parvalbumin-mediated component of inhibition onto subicular pyramidal cells while leaving cholecystokinin-basket-cell inhibition intact. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[4] |
| finding | Seizure frequency did not grow indefinitely but fell back after about five weeks. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[5] |
| finding | A PTZ dose provoked acute tonic-clonic seizures in all TeLC-injected mice but in only one of seven GFP controls and none of five wild-type mice. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[6] |
| finding | THE DURATION OF THE MANIPULATION IS THE VARIABLE, NOT ITS TARGET: transient inhibition of the SAME cells in the SAME place lowered the seizure threshold but induced NEITHER acute NOR recurrent seizures Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[7] |
| finding | ONLY SUSTAINED, BUT NOT TRANSIENT, inhibition of GABA release from these neurons is capable of inducing seizures or epilepsy Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[8] |
| finding | AND THE NULL IS A NULL ONLY WITHOUT A PROBE: transient inhibition plus a threshold dose gave discharges and acute seizures - these cells are crucial protectors during excitatory challenge and TRANSIENTLY DISPENSABLE under basal conditions Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[9] |
| finding | with the control that makes the null readable - a separate group shows the drug DID impair GABA release Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[10] |
| finding | THE STANDARD MEASURES ARE BLIND TO THE MANIPULATION: neither evoked nor miniature currents were affected despite the behavioral effect, and THERE IS NO CLEAR EXPLANATION FOR THIS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[11] |
| finding | and the effect appears only once a competing source is pharmacologically removed Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[12] |
| finding | measured as a difference of two subtractions - 33% reduction in controls against 59% in treated animals Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[13] |
| finding | A SELECTIVITY CLAIM WITH ITS OWN NUMBERS: 95.7% of transduced cells contained GABA, 83.2% parvalbumin and 23.7% somatostatin, from 2724 cells in 25 mice Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[14] |
| finding | AND THE CATEGORIES OVERLAP: 15 to 30% of parvalbumin neurons also contain somatostatin, and those cells WERE THEREFORE ALSO AFFECTED Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[15] |
| finding | with the anatomical leak declared - the injections were not exclusively restricted to the target and a contribution from other subfields CANNOT BE EXCLUDED Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[16] |
| finding | and the coverage stated as a fraction rather than as success - 61.4% of parvalbumin interneurons at the injection site Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[17] |
| finding | 22 of the 25 mice (88%) exhibited unprovoked C-SWDs, and NONE of the AAV-GFP-injected mice exhibited C-SWDs or SRSs during the 6-8 week recording period Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[18] |
| finding | EPILEPSY WITHOUT CELL LOSS: recurrent seizures develop NOTABLY WITHOUT SIGNS OF NEURODEGENERATION, which is what makes it a model of the nonlesional case Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[19] |
| finding | A LATENT STATE REVEALED BY A PROBE: mice with discharges but no seizures were already primed, and a threshold dose converted every one of them Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[20] |
| finding | AND A RIVAL ELIMINATED BY MOVING THE PROBE EARLIER IN TIME: challenging at 10 days shows the lowered threshold is not kindling by accumulated discharges Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[21] |
| finding | seizure frequency declined after several weeks, the mechanisms are unclear, and several candidate explanations are listed Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[22] |
| finding | and the model is declared out of range of the disease it models - the seizure frequency is BEYOND THE RANGE of most patients Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[23] |
| finding | axo-axonic cells may also exert an excitatory function through a locally reversed chloride gradient at their synapses Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[24] |
| finding | with the competing account quoted in full - a deficit in DENDRITIC feedback inhibition lowers the threshold while augmented SOMATIC feedforward inhibition limits epileptiform activity Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[25] |
| finding | the transition from a normal to an epileptic brain takes years, and its cellular and molecular mechanisms are STILL POORLY UNDERSTOOD Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[26] |
| finding | ΔFosB was only barely expressed in controls and in mice that exhibited only C-SWDs, and prominently labeled neurons in the hippocampus, subiculum, and entorhinal and perirhinal cortices after frequent SRSs Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[27] |
| finding | with the human parallel stated - AS IN PATIENTS WITH NONLESIONAL TLE, these mice developed epilepsy without signs of neurodegeneration Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[28] |
| finding | and activating EITHER dendritic or perisomatic inhibition suppressed epileptiform activity, with all GABA neurons together more effective than either Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[29] |
| quantity | 88% — proportion of vector-injected mice showing unprovoked clusters of spike-wave discharges by day 16 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[0] |
| quantity | 64% — proportion of TeLC-injected mice that went on to develop spontaneous recurrent seizures Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[1] |
| quantity | 61.4 ± 2.43% — fraction of parvalbumin interneurons at the injection site that expressed the silencing construct Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[2] |
| quantity | 89.5% — share of spontaneous seizures that were immediately preceded by a preictal discharge cluster Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[3] |
| quantity | 24.6 ± 0.62 s — average duration of a spontaneous recurrent seizure Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[4] |
| quantity | 40.0 ± 9.07 per month/mouse — rate of discharge clusters per mouse per month Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[5] |
| quantity | F (1,20) = 4.72, p = 0.0419 — group effect on the cannabinoid-insensitive (parvalbumin-mediated) component of the evoked IPSC Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[6] |
| quantity | 33% / 59% — reduction of evoked IPSC amplitude by the CB1 agonist in control versus silenced mice Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[7] |
| quantity | ∼73% — share of mice in which discharge clusters progressed to spontaneous recurrent seizures Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[8] |
| quantity | p = 0.0047 — significance of the difference in acute pentylenetetrazole-induced convulsions between silenced mice and controls Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[9] |
| quantity | 61.4 ± 2.43% — of the target cells actually reached by the vector - the manipulation's coverage stated as a fraction, so 'selective silencing' in the title means silencing three cells in five Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[10] |
| quantity | 95.7 ± 0.68%, 83.2 ± 1.27%, and 23.7 ± 1.61% — of transduced cells containing GABA, parvalbumin and somatostatin - the third number is the one that shows the target category is not one functional class Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[11] |
| quantity | 15–30% — of parvalbumin neurons that also contain somatostatin, so a manipulation aimed at one circuit motif necessarily hits another Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[12] |
| quantity | 33% ... 59% — the reduction in the amplitude of eIPSCs by WIN 55,212-2 in AAV-GFP-injected mice and in mice injected with AAV-TeLC Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[13] |
| quantity | one to two per week — the seizure frequency the model produces, stated as being ABOVE what most patients experience - a model's severity reported against its target rather than on its own Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[14] |
| variable | seizure threshold (dependent) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[3] |
| variable | GFP vector (control) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[5] |
| variable | threshold Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[6] |
| variable | frequency Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[7] |
| variable | expression Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[8] |
| variable | transient Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[9] |
| definition | seizure Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[0] |
| definition | C-SWDs Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[1] |
| definition | DREADD (designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[2] |
| definition | tetanus toxin light chain Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[3] |
| definition | TeLC Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[4] |
| definition | DREADD Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[5] |
| definition | feedforward Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[6] |
| definition | threshold Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[7] |
| key-terms | PV, parvalbumin, interneuron, GABA, subiculum, seizure, epilepsy, TeLC, DREADD, silencing, inhibition, transient, permanent, threshold, PTZ, basket cell, somatostatin, pyramidal, eIPSC, neurodegeneration, vector, specificity, hippocampus, EEG, CNO, feedforward, dendritic, axo-axonic, challenge, kindling, frequency, expression |
| concept | GABA — not defined in this paper's own words; what stops being released Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[3] |
| concept | transient — not defined in this paper's own words; one value of the manipulated variable Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[11] |
| concept | threshold — not defined in this paper's own words; what falls in both conditions Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[13] |
| concept | CNO — not defined in this paper's own words; what activates the transient silencer Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[24] |
| Fisher's exact test | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[0] |
| Kruskal-Wallis test | as written: Kruskal–Wallis test with Dunn's multiple-comparison post hoc test Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[1] |
| ANOVA F | as written: Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[2] |
| t-test t | as written: unpaired Student's t test Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[3] |
| statistical-significance | as written: A p value of <0.05 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[4] |
| standard error of the mean SEM | as written: mean ± SEM Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[5] |
| Two-way repeated-measures ANOVA | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[6] |
| Kruskal–Wallis test | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[7] |
| claim type | mechanism — a second reading reaching the same value; recorded: mechanism Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.claim_type |
| method | two silencing tools with different time courses applied to the same cells in the same place, so that duration is the manipulated variable — a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value; recorded: electrophysiology Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.method |
| phenomenon | temporal lobe epilepsy developing over a silent phase after an initial insult, with the mechanism of the transition poorly understood — a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value; recorded: temporal lobe epileptogenesis Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.phenomenon |
When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.
Tag layer © the Meta-Tagging Project, CC BY 4.0. The paper text is © its authors/publisher
and is linked, not reproduced. Excerpts shown are short quotations for identification and verification.
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