Repeated microinjections into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) impair extinction of conditioned place preference in mice

Groblewski, Cunningham · Behavioural Brain Research · 2012 · neuroscience · 10.1016/j.bbr.2012.01.059 · record Groblewski2012-repeated-microinjections-into-the-medial-pre
tag layer · index · concepts · authors · עברית

Where this record's text came from. faceted 2026-08 by reading the locally held text (xml); every evidence string verified as an exact substring of that text before merging. Claim type is 'null-result' for the intended comparison (bupivacaine did not differ from vehicle; neither group extinguished), but the paper is equally a methodological critique: its closing claim is that the microinjection procedure as performed is unsuitable for this paradigm, which is recorded under limitations rather than duplicated as the claim shape. Replication status is 'untested' in the sense of independent replication; the paper does report internal reproduction, stating that 'the results of Experiment 2 are similar to those in Experiment 1' and that an extended replicate of Experiment 1 with six days of extinction gave the same persistent CPP. Roughly a quarter of subjects were excluded a priori as non-learners or on histological criteria, which the paper states but does not frame as a limitation of its own conclusions. 2026-08-12 and 2026-08-15 schema-0.3 passes: every quote verified as an exact substring of the staged text and anchored at merge time; concept terms verified present; every edge endpoint an existing node.

6 quotations on this page contain a reference number where the paper printed a superscript. This journal style prints citations as raised numerals — parameters^12,13 — and the extraction flattened them into the line, so the sentence reads parameters 12 , 13 . The digits are citation markers and not part of what the author wrote. The quotes keep them for the same reason they keep every other extraction fault: a quote is reproduced exactly or it proves nothing.

How to read this page. The article itself is not reproduced here — this paper is not cleared for redistribution, so what follows is the tag layer alone. The evidence sentences are withheld with the article. The table at the foot lists every tag the record carries; each row names the facet it belongs to, and the whose words column says whether the tag records the paper's own wording or the tagger's sentence about the paper. Every tag links to each other paper in the corpus carrying it. The machine-readable edition of the same thing is the TEI file beside this one, where the tags live in standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.

Tags on this paper

Every tag the record carries, each linking to every other paper in the corpus that carries it. A tag appears here whether or not its words occur in the article — the spans below are only the ones a sentence in this paper licenses. Of the 16 concept tags on this paper, none is grounded in a quoted sentence. All carry the tagger's gloss of what the term means in this paper, which is not something the article can license.

medial prefrontal cortex conditioned place preference extinction bupivacaine microinjection vehicle No Sx prelimbic infralimbic guide cannula lesion nucleus accumbens basolateral amygdala complex conditioned stimuli histological criteria conditioned fear repeated cannula and injector insertion destroys tissue in Layers I-III of the mPFC on both sides of the midline, removing projection neurons that normally regulate the nucleus accumbens and basolateral amygdala, and the loss of that top-down regulation is what blocks extinction learning cumulative mechanical damage from implantation plus repeated infusions amounts to a partial lesion of a region already shown to be necessary for extinction, so the injection itself reproduces the lesion effect regardless of what is infused No Sx group injector-tip location ANOVA analysis of variance (ANOVA) two-way ANOVA with interaction term paired t-test paired t-tests Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons Bonferroni-adjusted within-subjects comparisons alpha level / significance threshold standard error of the mean mean (± SEM) behavioural-experiment

Legend

relation to other work	`claim_relations`	how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies
claim type	`claim_type`	the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null
concept edge	`concept_edges`	an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it
content tag	`content_tags`	a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper
control	`controls`	an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation
limitation	`limitations`	what the paper says its evidence cannot support
mechanism	`mechanisms`	how the reported effect is said to come about
method	`method`	how the paper produced its evidence
object of study	`object_of_study`	what the paper is about — the thing it investigates
phenomenon	`phenomenon`	the effect or regularity under study
sense	`senses`	a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it

The paper

The full text is not reproduced here. This article is not cleared for redistribution, so the page carries the tag layer only. Its evidence sentences are withheld; the grounding status remains with each tag, and the article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2012.01.059. The reading view exists for the papers whose licence permits it.

Every tag on this page

claim_relations 4 · claim_type 1 · concept_edges 9 · content_tags 37 · controls 1 · limitations 9 · mechanisms 8 · method 1 · object_of_study 1 · phenomenon 1 · senses 6

Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 9 relations here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.

facet	tag	field	conf.	whose words
object_of_study	The intra-mPFC microinjection procedure itself, and whether repeating it is compatible with studying extinction learning. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`object_of_study`		the paper's words
claim_type	null-result Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_type`		the paper's words
phenomenon	extinction of ethanol-induced conditioned place preference Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`phenomenon`		the paper's words
method	behavioural-experiment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: behavioural-experiment	`method`		the paper's words
mechanisms	mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: repeated cannula and injector insertion destroys tissue in Layers I-III of the mPFC on both sides of the midline, removing projection neurons that normally regulate the nucleus accumbens and basolateral amygdala, and the loss of that top-down regulation is what blocks extinction learning	`mechanisms[0]`		the tagger's words
mechanisms	mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: cumulative mechanical damage from implantation plus repeated infusions amounts to a partial lesion of a region already shown to be necessary for extinction, so the injection itself reproduces the lesion effect regardless of what is infused	`mechanisms[1]`		the tagger's words
mechanisms	The vehicle group could not serve as the control, because whatever impaired extinction affected vehicle and drug alike Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`mechanisms[2]`		the tagger's words
mechanisms	Only a group that never had the procedure could reveal it, which is why the no-surgery control was added in the second experiment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`mechanisms[3]`		the tagger's words
mechanisms	The proposed cause: the repeated procedure damages the very region it is delivering into, amounting to a partial lesion Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`mechanisms[4]`		the tagger's words
mechanisms	Because the cannula sat on the midline, the damage was bilateral rather than confined to one hemisphere Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`mechanisms[5]`		the tagger's words
mechanisms	The damaged layers contain projection neurons to accumbens and amygdala whose activity changes with drug cues, which is a route from local damage to the behavioural failure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`mechanisms[6]`		the tagger's words
mechanisms	Surgery and anaesthesia were ruled out by comparison with their own earlier study matched on strain, frame, coordinates, anaesthesia and surgeon Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`mechanisms[7]`		the tagger's words
limitations	The planned within-subject comparisons were run regardless of the interaction and are acknowledged as not statistically justified. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: every within-subject comparison reported: THIS METHOD OF ANALYSIS, ALTHOUGH NOT STATISTICALLY JUSTIFIED, WAS IMPLEMENTED BECAUSE OF THE NARROW DETECTION WINDOW AND INCREASED VARIABILITY inherent to the paradigm	`limitations[0]`		the tagger's words
limitations	The proposed explanation via damage to mPFC projection neurons is untested and needs confirmation. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the projection-damage explanation: FURTHER EXAMINATION OF THE EFFECTS OF THE MICROINJECTION PROCEDURE ON THESE SPECIFIC PROJECTIONS ... IS REQUIRED - proposed, not tested	`limitations[1]`		the tagger's words
limitations	As performed, the microinjection procedure cannot be used to test intra-mPFC pharmacological manipulations of EtOH-CPP extinction. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: any pharmacological use of this procedure: IRRESPECTIVE OF HOW EACH COMPONENT ... CONTRIBUTES TO THE OBSERVED EFFECT, AS CURRENTLY PERFORMED, THIS PROCEDURE IS NOT ADEQUATELY SUITED TO EXAMINE THE EFFECTS OF INTRA-mPFC PHARMACOLOGICAL MANIPULATIONS ON EXTINCTION	`limitations[2]`		the tagger's words
limitations	The authors state that their own analysis is not statistically justified, and say why they used it anyway Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. duplicate of: limitations[0] · what this limits: the same scope as limitations[0] - the within-subject comparisons are acknowledged as not statistically justified, with the reason given	`limitations[3]`		the tagger's words
limitations	Animals were removed for failing to acquire a preference and for histology, about a third of each experiment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the sample behind Experiment 1: A TOTAL OF 18 ANIMALS WERE REMOVED FROM ANALYSIS (9 SHOWED LESS THAN 50% PREFERENCE ON TEST 1 AND AN ADDITIONAL 9 WERE REMOVED FOR NOT MEETING HISTOLOGICAL CRITERIA)	`limitations[4]`		the tagger's words
limitations	Non-learners were excluded by an a priori rule, which is disclosed and defended by reference to prior practice Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the same scope as limitations[4], with the rule and its justification: WE DECIDED, A PRIORI, TO REMOVE ANIMALS THAT FAILED TO EXPRESS A PLACE PREFERENCE OF GREATER THAN 50% ON TEST 1	`limitations[5]`		the tagger's words
limitations	The strongest extra evidence - doubling extinction to six days - is reported as data not shown Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the strongest supporting evidence for the extinction claim, which is not shown: DESPITE DOUBLING THE NUMBER OF EXTINCTION TRIALS, WE FOUND THAT BOTH mPFC-INJECTED GROUPS CONTINUED TO EXHIBIT IMPAIRED EXTINCTION	`limitations[6]`		the tagger's words
limitations	The damage-to-projection account is offered as conceivable and explicitly not established Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the same scope as limitations[1] - the damage-to-projection account is offered as conceivable and explicitly not established	`limitations[7]`		the tagger's words
limitations	No group-by-test interaction reached significance in either experiment, so the key contrast rests on the planned within-group comparisons Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the central group contrast: THE INITIAL 2-WAY ANOVA REVEALED A MAIN EFFECT OF TEST [F(1,40) = 9.3, p < .005] BUT NOT GROUP, AND NO SIGNIFICANT GROUP x TEST INTERACTION (p's > .05), so the effect rests on the planned comparisons	`limitations[8]`		the tagger's words
controls	an additional group given NO SURGERY AT ALL (the No Sx group), alongside the vehicle-infused and drug-infused groups Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the handling involved in the microinjection procedure - being restrained and manipulated - as the cause of the change in extinction learning, which a vehicle control alone cannot separate because it is handled too · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held	`controls[0]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	control - VEHICLE: everything but the drug, which is the standard control and here shares the confound Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[0]`	1.0	the tagger's words
senses	control - NO PROCEDURE AT ALL: no surgery, no cannula, no injection, and the only group in which extinction occurred Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[1]`	1.0	the tagger's words
senses	the manipulation - as intended: reversible pharmacological inactivation of a region during extinction trials Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[2]`	1.0	the tagger's words
senses	the manipulation - as delivered: cumulative mechanical damage from repeating the delivery, which is a lesion and not an inactivation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[3]`	1.0	the tagger's words
senses	extinction procedure - single-session, as in conditioned fear, where one injection suffices and this problem never arises Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[4]`		the tagger's words
senses	extinction procedure - multi-day, as required for ethanol place preference, where the injections must be repeated and the damage accumulates Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[5]`	1.0	the tagger's words
claim_relations	extends → Groblewski et al. mPFC lesion findings [1] and the rat bupivacaine microinjection procedure [2] Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[0]`		the tagger's words
claim_relations	builds-on → Groblewski et al. (2011) [1] electrode-insertion control result Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[1]`		the tagger's words
claim_relations	extends → Groblewski et al. on mPFC lesions impairing extinction of ethanol place preference Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_relations[2]`		the tagger's words
claim_relations	critiques → the repeated intra-mPFC microinjection procedure as a tool for multi-day extinction studies Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: THE AXIS IS THE NUMBER OF INJECTIONS, AND MINIMISING IT DOES NOT HELP. 'the damage caused by intra-mPFC injections even when the number of injections was minimized, was sufficient enough to impair extinction - an effect that persisted despite extended extinction training.' The critique of the procedure is dosed: it survives the obvious remedy.	`claim_relations[3]`		the tagger's words
concept_edges	microinjection —causes→ lesion Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 0.9 Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the tissue damage 'MAY HAVE BEEN sufficient' to amount to a lesion; causes is hedged. also in: microinjection · lesion	`concept_edges[0]`		the tagger's words
concept_edges	microinjection —causes→ extinction Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 also in: microinjection · extinction	`concept_edges[1]`		the tagger's words
concept_edges	medial prefrontal cortex —causes→ extinction Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 also in: medial prefrontal cortex · extinction	`concept_edges[2]`		the tagger's words
concept_edges	EVIDENCE CORRECTED (RE-GROUNDED) · vehicle —contrasted-with→ No Sx Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. EVIDENCE CORRECTED: RE-GROUNDED. The old span named only the No Sx group. This sentence names both and carries the contrast with its direction - 'the No Sx, BUT NOT Vehicle or Bupivacaine, group…'. — strength of the relation: 1 also in: vehicle · No Sx	`concept_edges[3]`		the tagger's words
concept_edges	prelimbic —part-of→ medial prefrontal cortex Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 also in: prelimbic · medial prefrontal cortex	`concept_edges[5]`		the tagger's words
concept_edges	infralimbic —part-of→ medial prefrontal cortex Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 also in: infralimbic · medial prefrontal cortex	`concept_edges[6]`		the tagger's words
concept_edges	guide cannula —part-of→ microinjection Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but a guide cannula was IMPLANTED for the microinjections; part-of is loose. also in: guide cannula · microinjection	`concept_edges[7]`		the tagger's words
concept_edges	conditioned place preference —operationalised-as→ conditioned stimuli Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the conditioned stimuli were the tactile cues of the place-preference task; operationalised-as is loose. also in: conditioned place preference · conditioned stimuli	`concept_edges[9]`		the tagger's words
concept_edges	conditioned fear —contrasted-with→ conditioned place preference Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: THE AXIS IS HOW MUCH TRAINING EXTINCTION TAKES. 'Quotation withheld' Both are extinction; they differ on the schedule needed, which is why a procedure validated on one can fail on the other for reasons that have nothing to do with the mechanism. · strength of the relation: 1 also in: conditioned fear · conditioned place preference	`concept_edges[10]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ANOVA	`content_tags.statistics[0]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	two-way ANOVA with interaction term Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: two-way ANOVA with interaction term	`content_tags.statistics[1]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	paired t-test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: paired t-test	`content_tags.statistics[2]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons	`content_tags.statistics[3]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	alpha level / significance threshold Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: alpha level / significance threshold	`content_tags.statistics[4]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	standard error of the mean Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: standard error of the mean	`content_tags.statistics[5]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Neither the vehicle nor the bupivacaine group showed significant extinction of ethanol place preference. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[0]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	In the second experiment only the no-surgery group showed a significant drop in place preference. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[1]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	The experiments suggest some component of the microinjection procedure, not merely the handling, interfered with extinction. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[2]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Doubling the extinction trials did not rescue extinction: both injected groups kept showing place preference. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[3]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	The authors conclude the repeated intra-mPFC microinjection technique, as performed, is unsuitable for studying extinction of ethanol place preference in mice. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[4]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	Surgery and anaesthesia alone are ruled out as the cause, since a single electrode insertion at the same coordinates in earlier work left extinction intact. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[5]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	vehicle and bupivacaine groups both failed to extinguish Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[6]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	in the second experiment only the unoperated group extinguished Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[7]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	handling alone does not explain it, since the no-surgery group was handled and still extinguished Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[8]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	the tissue damage was substantial and limited mainly to layers I-III of the mPFC Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[9]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	doubling the extinction training did not rescue it Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[10]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	surgery and anaesthesia were ruled out by a matched earlier study in which a single electrode insertion did not impair extinction Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.findings[11]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	bupivacaine Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: bupivacaine	`content_tags.definitions[1]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	bupivacaine Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: bupivacaine	`content_tags.definitions[2]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	extinction Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: extinction	`content_tags.definitions[3]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	No Sx group Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: No Sx group	`content_tags.variables[3]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	injector-tip location Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: injector-tip location	`content_tags.variables[9]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	n=108 — total number of adult male DBA/2J mice used across the experiments Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[0]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	F (1,33) = 4.3, p < .05 — main effect of Test on percent time on the ethanol-paired floor in Experiment 1 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[1]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	F (1,40) = 9.3, p < .005 — main effect of Test on place preference in Experiment 2 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[2]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	t (11) = 2.5 p < .05 — the only significant within-group preference reduction, found in the No-Surgery group Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[3]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	18 — animals excluded from Experiment 1, split between failure to show preference and failed histology Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[4]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	less than 25% — share of subjects that failed to acquire a place preference after two conditioning trials Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[5]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	.05 — the alpha level adopted for all statistical tests Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[6]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	0.2 μL over 2 min (0.1 μL/min) — volume and rate of each intra-mPFC infusion of vehicle or bupivacaine Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[7]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	n=108 — total mice across both experiments before exclusions Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[8]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	18 animals removed — exclusions in Experiment 1 - nine non-learners and nine on histology Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[9]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	16 animals removed — the equivalent in Experiment 2 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[10]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	0.2 μL over 2 min — the injection volume and rate, chosen to inactivate most of the target subregions Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[11]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	>90% of neuronal activation — the intended coverage of the inactivation, from prior diffusion studies Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[12]`		the tagger's words
content_tags	2 g/kg — the ethanol dose paired with the floor cue Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`content_tags.quantities[13]`		the tagger's words

Interpretive choices

Tags that could not be placed in the text:

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What was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.