standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| concept edge | concept_edges | an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it |
| concept | concepts | an idea the paper works with, quoted where the paper uses it |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| control | controls | an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 1 relation here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| claim_type | existence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | spatial responsiveness of monkey hippocampal neurons Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | electrophysiology Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: electrophysiology | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[0] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[1] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Responses that changed independently of the apparatus movement resist interpretation. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the subset of neurons whose responses did not track the apparatus: IT IS DIFFICULT TO INTERPRET RESPONSIVENESS OF NEURONS THAT CHANGE IRRESPECTIVE OF MOVEMENT OF THE APPARATUS | limitations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Alternative explanations, such as suppression by stimuli not visible in the usual position, cannot be ruled out for the neurons whose responsiveness was extinguished. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the spatial interpretation of the responses: OTHER FACTORS MIGHT HAVE INFLUENCED THE RESPONSIVENESS, SUCH AS SUPPRESSION BY PARTICULAR STIMULI THAT COULD NOT BE SEEN IN THE USUAL POSITION | limitations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The directional bias of visual versus auditory responsiveness is not fully explained and may be an artefact of the training and recording set-up. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the visual-versus-auditory asymmetry: THE REASONS FOR THIS DISCRIMINATION ARE NOT ENTIRELY CLEAR, and the offered account is a plausibility argument about what is useful to the monkey | limitations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Where the conversion from retinotopic to egocentric or allocentric representation occurs is not resolved by these data. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: any claim about where the coordinate conversion happens: FURTHER STUDIES ARE NECESSARY TO INVESTIGATE SUCH COMPUTATION OR CONVERSION | limitations[3] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The largest of the three response groups is left unnamed and absent from the paper's key words. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: any use of the egocentric/allocentric dichotomy from this paper: of the 32 neurons tested by rotation, 11 followed the monkey and 9 remained fixed to the environment, while 12 - the largest group - were reversibly extinguished and received no label | limitations[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | The egocentric category is defined to include stimuli fixed to the restraining apparatus, not only to the body. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: any reading of these egocentric neurons as body-centred: the designation covers responses considered to represent relations to background stimuli on the monkey OR on the restraining device that rotated with it | limitations[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the left and right hemispheres were compared for the anterior-direction preference Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: that the directional preference is a hemispheric asymmetry rather than a spatial response - no significant left-right difference was found · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| concepts | egocentric Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: egocentric | concepts[0] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | allocentric Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: allocentric | concepts[1] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | restraining device Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: restraining device | concepts[2] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | directionally differentiating responsiveness Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | concepts[3] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | reversibly extinguished Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: reversibly extinguished | concepts[4] | the paper's words | |
| senses | egocentric, here - A LABEL FROM ONE ROTATION, AND WIDER THAN BODY-CENTRED: neurons are so designated because their response directions followed the rotation of the monkey, and the relations meant are to background stimuli on the monkey OR ON THE RESTRAINING DEVICE that rotated with it, so apparatus-fixed and body-fixed responses fall under one name Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | allocentric, here - THE COMPLEMENT OF THE SAME OPERATION: neurons whose response directions did not follow the rotation but remained constant relative to the environment; both categories are produced by a single manipulation, and 'were considered to represent' marks where the operation ends and the interpretation begins Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | the third group - THE LARGEST, AND UNNAMED: 12 of the 32 rotated neurons had their responses reversibly extinguished, against 11 egocentric and 9 allocentric, so the plurality of the sample falls outside the dichotomy that the key words carry Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | builds-on → O'Keefe and Conway, 1978 (rat hippocampus) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | replicates → Creutzfeldt, 1990; Vidyasagar et al., 1991 (hippocampal neurons activated by human actions) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | extends → Feigenbaum and Rolls (1991) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| concept_edges | egocentric —contrasted-with→ allocentric Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: whether the response direction followed the rotated monkey or stayed fixed to the environment · strength of the relation: 1 also in: egocentric · allocentric | concept_edges[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ANOVA Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ANOVA | content_tags.statistics[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | p-value Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: p-value | content_tags.statistics[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | chi-squared Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: chi-squared | content_tags.statistics[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | standard error of the mean Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: standard error of the mean | content_tags.statistics[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Only about one in ten hippocampal-formation neurons recorded (106 of 1,047) responded preferentially to stimuli coming from one or more particular directions. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Of the 106 direction-sensitive neurons, 49 responded to vision only, 35 to audition only, and 22 to both modalities. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Visually driven neurons preferred stimuli from the right anterior direction whereas auditory ones preferred stimuli from behind the monkey. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Moving the experimental apparatus, which the monkey could see, altered the responses of 36 of the 59 neurons tested that way. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | For 24 of the affected neurons the preferred direction stayed the same but the response in that direction was strongly weakened or reversibly abolished. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Rotating the monkey showed that 11 neurons carried their preferred direction with the animal, making them egocentric. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Nine neurons kept their preferred direction anchored to the room rather than to the animal, making them allocentric. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[6] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Twelve further neurons lost their directional selectivity altogether while the monkey was rotated, and regained it afterwards. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[7] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Response size depended on exactly where the visible apparatus stood, not merely on whether it was visible at all. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[8] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Stimulus-selective auditory neurons responded to complex experimenter-produced sounds - footsteps, a chair moving, a door opening, a data recorder being switched, board tapping and paper crumpling - rather than to pure tones. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[9] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Direction-sensitive neurons were found along the whole rostrocaudal axis of the hippocampal formation but were concentrated caudally. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[10] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Eye position and eye movement did not account for the visual responses of most of these neurons. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[11] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | In the 22 bimodal neurons the visual and auditory preferred directions coincided in only half of the cells (11 of 22). Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[12] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The subicular complex held a higher share of neurons whose directional responsiveness changed when the apparatus moved (8 of 10) than the dentate gyrus, CA3 or CA1, which were split roughly evenly. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[13] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | directionally differentiating responsiveness Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.definitions[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | background stimuli Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: background stimuli | content_tags.definitions[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | egocentric neurons Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: egocentric neurons | content_tags.definitions[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | allocentric neurons Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: allocentric neurons | content_tags.definitions[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | selective group Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: selective group | content_tags.definitions[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | neuronal response Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: neuronal response | content_tags.variables[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | intensity of computer-synthesized sounds Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.variables[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 106 (10.1%) — number and share of the 1,047 recorded neurons that showed direction-dependent responses Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 36 of 59 — neurons whose responsiveness changed when the experimental apparatus was moved Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 11 — egocentric neurons whose preferred direction followed the rotated monkey Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | nine — allocentric neurons whose preferred direction stayed fixed to the room Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 12 — neurons whose directional responsiveness disappeared reversibly during rotation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | n = 42 — neurons classed as stimulus-selective among the 81 tested with more than ten stimuli Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | about 80 dB — intensity at which computer-synthesized sounds were presented Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[6] | the tagger's words |
Tags that could not be placed in the text:
What was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.