standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| second reading | alternatives | an independent re-reading of a facet, recorded whether or not it agrees |
| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| concept edge | concept_edges | an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| contribution | contribution | what the paper claims to add |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| object of study | object_of_study | what the paper is about — the thing it investigates |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| research question | research_question | the question the paper sets itself |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
| transfer | transfers | a method or concept carried in from another field |
Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 2 relations here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.
This record holds no controls. A layer is empty when the tagger recorded nothing in it — which is not the same as the paper having nothing to record.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| object_of_study | how allocentric spatial maps in entorhinal cortex and hippocampus are converted into body-centred signals that can guide movement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | object_of_study | the paper's words | |
| research_question | which structure performs the transformation from map coordinates to egocentric motor output Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | research_question | the paper's words | |
| contribution | proposes posterior parietal cortex as the site of that transformation, and assembles the primate and rodent evidence for it Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | contribution | the paper's words | |
| claim_type | mechanism Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | spatial navigation in rodents Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | review Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: review | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. status: the paper's own words: We propose here that | mechanisms[0] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[1] | the tagger's words | |
| mechanisms | PPC neurons multiply world-referenced by body-referenced signals, which is what a coordinate transformation requires Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | grid cells are argued to rest on path integration because a periodic firing pattern persists through constantly changing speed and direction Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | grids keep their relative geometry across environments, unlike place fields which remap Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | path integration drifts without recalibration against landmarks, which is why both mechanisms are needed Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | self-motion generates the firing but external cues anchor where it occurs Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | PPC delay activity tracks the movement to be made rather than the target location, switching when the required effector changes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | Whether PPC deficits actually reflect a failure to transform self-location into locomotor action is not established by the existing evidence. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the central proposal of the review: WHETHER THEY DO REMAINS OPEN; AT PRESENT, THE EVIDENCE IS AMBIGUOUS | limitations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The direct medial entorhinal projection to PPC is weak and may not carry usable location information. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the anatomical route the account depends on: THIS CONNECTION IS RELATIVELY WEAK, AND IT IS UNCERTAIN WHETHER IT IS ABLE TO CONVEY LOCATION INFORMATION | limitations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | It is unknown whether medial entorhinal output actually targets the PPC neurons involved in action preparation. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the link from grid-cell coding to action preparation: IT HAS NOT BEEN DETERMINED WHETHER THE MEDIAL ENTORHINAL OUTPUT targets the relevant PPC neurons | limitations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Which of the candidate hippocampal-entorhinal to PPC routes actually carries the signal is unresolved. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: any claim identifying which pathway carries the signal: THE RELATIVE CONTRIBUTIONS OF THE VARIOUS PATHWAYS REMAIN UNCERTAIN | limitations[3] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The whole account is at an early stage. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the maturity of the whole account: WE ARE JUST BEGINNING TO SCRATCH THE SURFACE OF THIS MULTITUDE OF NAVIGATIONAL CONTROL PATHWAYS | limitations[4] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | in most lesion studies navigation impairments cannot be separated from memory impairments Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: every lesion-based navigation claim cited: THE IMPAIRMENTS IN NAVIGATION CAN UNFORTUNATELY NOT BE DISTINGUISHED FROM EFFECTS ON MEMORY | limitations[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | the exact anatomical definition of rodent PPC remains a subject of debate Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: every result attributed to rodent PPC: AN EXACT ANATOMICAL DEFINITION FOR THE PPC IN RODENTS REMAINS A SUBJECT OF DEBATE - the region quantified over is not agreed | limitations[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | whether to include parts of Oc2 is still controversial Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the extent of that region specifically: WHETHER OR NOT TO INCLUDE PARTS OF OC2 IN THE PPC ... IS STILL CONTROVERSIAL | limitations[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | head restraint in the primate work prevents any analysis of PPC during free locomotion Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the transfer of the primate PPC findings to navigation: MOVEMENT RESTRICTIONS INHERENT TO THE HEAD-RESTRAINED SYSTEM PREVENT AN ANALYSIS during free locomotion | limitations[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | a study contradicting the hippocampal path-integration account is set aside on the grounds that a dragged food cup may have left odour trails Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the standing of the evidence against the path-integration hypothesis: WE SUGGEST THAT THE STUDY IS NOT DECISIVE IN NEGATING THE HYPOTHESIS, on the stated ground that odour trails may have been available | limitations[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | the multiplicative gain-field mechanism for coordinate transformation, imported as the account of how a rodent map becomes motor output Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| transfers | the dorsal and ventral stream distinction and the deficits of parietal patients, used to motivate PPC's spatial role Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | transfers[1] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| senses | parietal cortex is defined in the first line of the definition box by an overlying BONE, then immediately refined by cytoarchitecture, myeloarchitecture, neurochemistry and connectivity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | PPC is delimited by what it is between and by which thalamic inputs it lacks - a definition by exclusion and by neighbours rather than by intrinsic property Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | place cells remap between environments while grid cells keep their relative geometry - the distinction that makes one a map of a place and the other a metric Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | the primate PPC literature shifted from a general spatial framework to multiple action-specific representations, so PPC function means something different before and after that shift Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| alternatives | claim_type: mechanism Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading reaching the same value. Recorded: mechanism — note: a second reading reaching the same value from a different sentence. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.claim_type | the tagger's words | |
| alternatives | method: narrative review across rodent and primate literatures, with an explicit proposal and a boxed treatment of how the target region is defined Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: review — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.method | the tagger's words | |
| alternatives | phenomenon: path integration and goal-directed navigation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value. Recorded: spatial navigation in rodents — note: a second reading, verbatim-verified, disagreeing with the value on the record. Not applied - a person decides. | alternatives.phenomenon | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | extends → previous models in which parietal cortex mediates translation between external and first-person spatial representations (ref. 32) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | builds-on → O'Keefe and Dostrovsky (1971) (ref. 4) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | contradicts → the study reporting that rats with partial hippocampal lesions returned to the start position (ref. 30) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| claim_relations | extends → models proposing that parietal cortex translates between external and first-person spatial representations Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | qualifies → the study reporting intact path integration after partial hippocampal lesions Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | supports → the cognitive map account of hippocampal place cells Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[5] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | supports → the intention account of primate PPC delay activity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | grid cells —distinct-from→ place cells Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. differs in: THE AXIS IS DEPENDENCE ON THE PARTICULAR ENVIRONMENT. 'Quotation withheld.' Both are spatially tuned; only one re-maps, so a result obtained in a single environment cannot distinguish them at all - the distinction exists only across environments. · strength of the relation: 1 · note: grids keep relative geometry across environments; place fields do not also in: grid cells · place cells | concept_edges[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | PPC —distinct-from→ somatosensory cortex Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 · note: distinguished by which thalamic inputs it LACKS, plus callosal connections - definition by exclusion also in: PPC · somatosensory cortex | concept_edges[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | The paper's central claim is that the posterior parietal cortex converts the world-centred position signal carried by place cells and grid cells into the body-centred coordinates that locomotion requires. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Rats with PPC lesions cannot return directly to a refuge on a curtained circular arena on the basis of their outbound movements. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Rat PPC cells fire for conjunctions of a particular movement with a particular place - for instance only during outward forward running, or only during left turns at the end of an arm. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | PPC firing fields rescale with the size of a maze segment even when hippocampal place fields do not, a dissociation implying PPC does not code perceived space. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | No direct connections reach PPC from dentate gyrus, hippocampus or subiculum; the dorsal lateral band of medial entorhinal cortex projects to it directly. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Retrosplenial cortex damage causes strong, lasting disruption of spatial navigation, in the water maze and in path integration back to a home base in darkness. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | the entorhinal-hippocampal circuit alone cannot convert spatial information into goal-oriented motor output Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | a multiplicative mechanism is what is needed to translate the allocentric entorhinal representation into goal-directed movement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | PPC cells are thought to form a distributed representation of movement plans or intentions toward specific goal locations Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 77% of neurons in a medial PPC region responded to conjunctions of movement and location during virtual navigation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[9] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | grid fields keep their relative shift and rotation across environments, unlike place fields Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[10] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | place and grid firing persists without external cues but is anchored by them Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[11] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | grid cell Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: grid cell | content_tags.definitions[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | cognitive map Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: cognitive map | content_tags.definitions[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | posterior parietal cortex (PPC) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: posterior parietal cortex (PPC) | content_tags.definitions[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | path integration Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: path integration | content_tags.definitions[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | parietal cortex Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: parietal cortex | content_tags.definitions[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | PPC Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: PPC | content_tags.definitions[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | place field Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: place field | content_tags.definitions[7] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | grid Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: grid | content_tags.definitions[8] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 77% — proportion of medial-PPC neurons in monkeys responding to conjunctions of specific movements with specific locations during virtual navigation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ≈2–6 mm posterior to bregma and 2–5 mm lateral — stereotaxic extent of the rat cortical area targeted in most PPC lesion studies Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | about 2 to 6 mm posterior to bregma and 2 to 5 mm lateral — where most rat PPC lesion studies have focused - compare Bucci2009, which gives 3.5 to 5.0 posterior and 1.0 or 1.5 to 5.0 lateral for the same region Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | four published delineations, in red, yellow, magenta and blue — the number of incompatible published boundaries for rat parietal cortex, drawn on one brain in Figure 3 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 77% — neurons responding to movement-location conjunctions in virtual navigation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | four areas 7a, b, m and ip — the macaque subdivision whose applicability to rat is disputed Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[5] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | error in initial heading Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: error in initial heading | content_tags.variables[1] | 0.8 | the tagger's words |
Tags that could not be placed in the text:
What was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.