The Relation Between Perception and Behavior, or How to Win a Game of Trivial Pursuit

Ap Dijksterhuis, Ad van Knippenberg · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · 1998 · social-psychology · 10.1037/0022-3514.74.4.865 · record dijksterhuis1998-behavior-priming
tag layer · index · concepts · authors · עברית
Where this record's text came from. faceted 2026-08 by reading the locally held text (pdftext); every evidence string verified as an exact substring of that text before merging. Replication status refers to independent external replication, of which the paper reports none; it does report an internal replication ('In Experiment 2, then, the results of Experiment 1 were replicated.'), which is noted here rather than coded as 'replicated'. Note also the authors' own caveat that their primes were supraliminal — participants were aware of the prime content but not of its link to the dependent measure. 2026-08-19 and 2026-08-25 schema-0.3 passes: every quote verified as an exact substring of the staged text and anchored at merge time; concept terms verified present; every edge endpoint an existing node.
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Other fields define these differently the same word, defined another way in another discipline
performance 5 fields · behavior 4 fields · perception 3 fields · priming 2 fields · statistical-significance 2 fields · variance 2 fields

Tags on this paper

Every tag the record carries, each linking to every other paper in the corpus that carries it. A tag appears here whether or not its words occur in the article — the spans below are only the ones a sentence in this paper licenses. Of the 6 concept tags on this paper, 3 are grounded in a quoted sentence. 3 carry the tagger's gloss of what the term means in this paper, which is not something the article can license.
behavioral priming social priming stereotype activation stereotype behavior perception professor priming activation performance ANOVA hypothesis-testing p-value statistical-significance statistical significance variance behavioural-experiment

Legend

relation to other workclaim_relationshow this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies
claim typeclaim_typethe shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null
concept edgeconcept_edgesan asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it
conceptconceptsan idea the paper works with, quoted where the paper uses it
content tagcontent_tagsa finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper
controlcontrolsan experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation
limitationlimitationswhat the paper says its evidence cannot support
methodmethodhow the paper produced its evidence
phenomenonphenomenonthe effect or regularity under study
sensesensesa distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it
transfertransfersa method or concept carried in from another field

The paper

The full text is not reproduced here. This article is not cleared for redistribution, so the page carries the tag layer only. Its evidence sentences are withheld; the grounding status remains with each tag, and the article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.74.4.865. The reading view exists for the papers whose licence permits it.

Every tag on this page

claim_relations 2 · claim_type 1 · concept_edges 2 · concepts 3 · content_tags 7 · controls 1 · limitations 4 · method 1 · phenomenon 1 · senses 4 · transfers 1

Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 2 relations here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.

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facettagfieldconf.whose words
claim_typeexistence
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claim_typethe paper's words
phenomenonbehavioural priming by stereotype and trait activation
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phenomenonthe paper's words
methodbehavioural-experiment
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methodthe paper's words
limitationsThe explanatory model of how a primed trait produces specific performance-improving behaviours is crude and unrefined
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limitations[0]the tagger's words
limitationsAlternative explanations of the findings cannot be ruled out with the data collected
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limitations[1]the tagger's words
limitationsThe post hoc account of why secretary-primed participants worked faster was not testable, because the relevant stereotype attributes were never pilot-tested
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limitations[2]the tagger's words
limitationsThe candidate mediating behaviours (concentration, strategy use, feeling of knowing) are speculative and were not measured
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limitations[3]the tagger's words
transfersthe 42-item general knowledge instrument taken wholesale from Trivial Pursuit (1984/1987) and used as the dependent measure for primed intelligent behaviour
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transfers[0]0.85the tagger's words
controlsthree conditions - professor prime, secretary prime and NO prime - so that the secretary prime serves as a content control and the no-prime condition as a baseline
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eliminates: that any prime produces the effect, and that the effect is not simply a change from baseline · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held
controls[0]0.95the tagger's words
conceptsstereotype
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
also in: stereotype
concepts[3]0.95the paper's words
conceptsbehavior
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
also in: behavior
concepts[4]0.95the paper's words
conceptsperception
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
also in: perception
concepts[5]0.95the paper's words
sensesA DOSE-RESPONSE ON PRIME DURATION, MEASURED ON BEHAVIOUR: `the magnitude of the behavioral effects simply mirrored the magnitude of the perceptual input. In Experiments 2 and 3, participants who were primed for 9 min showed stronger behavioral effects than participants who were primed for 2 min.` Nine minutes against two, read off general-knowledge performance. srull-wyer1979 doses by FREQUENCY of activation and measures a judgement; this doses by DURATION and measures what someone does - and the two papers are 19 years and one dependent-variable class apart
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senses[0]0.95the tagger's words
sensesAND THE INFERENCE DRAWN FROM THE DOSE IS THE STEP WORTH RECORDING SEPARATELY: `These results underscore the fact that the process under consideration can be characterized as rather PASSIVE.` Dose-dependence is taken as evidence of passivity - if the effect size simply tracks the amount of input, then no decision, strategy or correction is intervening to modulate it. That is a real argument and not an obvious one, and it is a different kind of claim from the measurement it rests on: the dose-response was measured, the passivity is inferred from its linearity
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senses[1]0.95the tagger's words
sensesA CONCEPTUAL REPLICATION WITH EVERYTHING CHANGED AT ONCE: `Quotation withheld.` Three things varied simultaneously. That buys generality and spends diagnosticity - a FAILURE would not have said which of the three was responsible, and a success cannot say which mattered. In a corpus that holds several papers on when priming effects replicate, the shape of a replication is worth recording as plainly as its outcome
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
senses[2]0.95the tagger's words
sensesAND THE PAPER PLACES ITSELF IN THE ACCESSIBILITY LINEAGE EXPLICITLY: `Quotation withheld.` Both of those are in this corpus - higgins1977 and srull-wyer1979, tagged earlier tonight. The claimed step is from judgement to BEHAVIOUR while keeping the same mechanism, so the 1977-79 accessibility work is not merely cited but load-bearing: if accessibility does not drive judgement, this paper has no base to extend from
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senses[3]0.95the tagger's words
claim_relationsbuilds-on → Bargh, Chen, and Burrows (1996)
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claim_relations[0]the tagger's words
claim_relationsreplicates → Bargh, Chen, and Burrows (1996)
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claim_relations[1]the tagger's words
concept_edgesstereotype —causes→ behavior
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direction on the measure: increases · strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: THE PAPER'S CENTRAL CLAIM, and 'corresponding with specific attributes' is the part that matters and is in the quote: the effect is not general arousal or mood but takes the CONTENT of the stereotype - professors improve general knowledge, hooligans reduce it. Weight 0.9: this is the discussion's opening summary of four experiments.
also in: stereotype · behavior
concept_edges[0]0.95the tagger's words
concept_edgesperception —causes→ behavior
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
direction on the measure: increases · strength of the relation: 0.85 · note: 'THE AUTHORS EXPLAIN…' IS THE HEDGE AND IT IS THE FIRST CLAUSE OF THE QUOTE. This is the paper's interpretation of its own four experiments, not a measured quantity - the measured thing is the duration dose-response (first sense), and 'direct and pervasive' is what the authors conclude from it. Weight 0.85 for that gap. Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the claim is how 'the authors explain their results'; attributed.
also in: perception · behavior
concept_edges[1]0.95the tagger's words
content_tagspriming an intelligent category improves later general-knowledge performance
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
content_tags.findings[0]the tagger's words
content_tagspriming an unintelligent category impairs later performance (behavioral priming)
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
content_tags.findings[1]the tagger's words
content_tagsANOVA
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about this quote: QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted.
also in: ANOVA
content_tags.statistics[0]the tagger's words
content_tagshypothesis-testing
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content_tags.statistics[1]the tagger's words
content_tagsp-value
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also in: p-value
content_tags.statistics[2]the tagger's words
content_tagsstatistical-significance
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
about this quote: QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted.
content_tags.statistics[3]the tagger's words
content_tagsvariance
Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.
about this quote: QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted.
also in: variance
content_tags.statistics[4]the tagger's words

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