standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| concept edge | concept_edges | an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it |
| concept | concepts | an idea the paper works with, quoted where the paper uses it |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| control | controls | an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 2 relations here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| claim_type | existence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | ambipolar electric field effect in few-layer graphene Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | experiment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: experiment | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | an observed shift could be due to unintentional doping by absorbed gas molecules Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the observed gate-voltage shift: Quotation withheld | limitations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The zero-gate-voltage hole doping may be an artefact of adsorbed gas molecules rather than intrinsic. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the same scope as limitations[0] - the zero-gate-voltage hole doping may be adsorbate, not intrinsic | limitations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The authors cannot explain why the measured behaviour fits a simple free-electron model when graphene is expected to have linear dispersion and massless carriers. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the free-electron description of the transport data: GRAPHENE IS EXPECTED TO HAVE THE LINEAR ENERGY DISPERSION AND CARRIERS WITH ZERO MASS, AND THE REASON WHY THE OBSERVED BEHAVIOR IS SO WELL DESCRIBED BY THE SIMPLEST FREE-ELE[ctron model is unclear] - the fit is unexplained, not the failure | limitations[2] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The transistor's on-off resistance ratio is modest and this is a fundamental limit for a gapless material. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the device application claim: GRAPHENE TRANSISTORS SHOW A RATHER MODEST ON-OFF RESISTANCE RATIO ... BUT THIS IS A FUNDAMENTAL LIMITATION FOR ANY MAT[erial without a gap] | limitations[3] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The devices differ in the one variable that defines the material - the number of layers - and that number is inferred from the measurement rather than known. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the band overlap reported here as a property of the material: it varied from 4 to 20 meV across samples, which the authors attribute to a different number of graphene layers involved, inferred rather than independently established | limitations[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | The headline mobility is the top of a sample-to-sample range, and mobility is stated to be limited by defect scattering rather than intrinsic. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the mobility figure quoted from this paper: measured values varied from sample to sample between 3,000 and 10,000, and were practically independent of temperature, which the authors read as still being limited by scattering on defects | limitations[5] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | What is measured is few-layer graphene of one, two or three atomic layers reported together, not single-layer graphene. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: these results as measurements of single-layer graphene: the reported devices contained just 1, 2 or 3 atomic layers and all of them are reported as exhibiting essentially identical electronic properties | limitations[6] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | the observed reduction in the energy gap checked against the theoretical expectation that single-layer graphene is a zero-gap semiconductor Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: the measured gap being an artefact of the film thickness or the substrate rather than the band structure the paper is claiming · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[0] | 0.85 | the tagger's words |
| concepts | graphene Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: graphene | concepts[0] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | field effect Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: field effect | concepts[2] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | few-layer graphene Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: few-layer graphene | concepts[4] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | 2D semimetal Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: 2D semimetal | concepts[5] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | band overlap Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: band overlap | concepts[6] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | carrier mobilities Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: carrier mobilities | concepts[7] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | field effect Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. duplicate of: concepts[2] also in: field effect | concepts[8] | the paper's words | |
| senses | graphene - A NAME IN USE BEFORE ITS REFERENT EXISTED: a hypothetical single layer, employed to describe the properties of graphite, fullerenes and nanotubes, while planar graphene itself was presumed not to exist in the free state Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | graphene - AS MEASURED IN THIS PAPER: few-layer graphene, devices of one, two or three atomic layers pooled together, which is not the sense the word now carries Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | carrier mobility - MEASURED TWO INDEPENDENT WAYS AND AGREEING: from the field effect and from magnetoresistance, which is the rarer and stronger case of two operationalisations converging Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | contradicts → the prior consensus (refs 5-14) that planar graphene cannot exist in the free state Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| concept_edges | few-layer graphene —is-a→ 2D semimetal Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the span writes 'FLG'; endpoint abbreviated. also in: few-layer graphene · 2D semimetal | concept_edges[0] | the tagger's words | |
| concept_edges | carrier mobilities —operationalised-as→ field effect Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. strength of the relation: 1 also in: carrier mobilities · field effect | concept_edges[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | ≈10,000 — room-temperature charge-carrier mobility in graphene films Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. about this quote: QUOTE REPAIRED: the extractor split a hyphen-space and the quote was recorded faithfully with the damage in it, which made it unanchorable. The repaired string is an EXACT SUBSTRING of the staged text - that is why it was accepted, not because a rule produced it. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted. | content_tags.quantities[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | up to 10^13 — electron/hole concentrations inducible by gate voltage Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | The films are a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny band overlap and a strong ambipolar electric-field effect: electrons and holes can be induced by applying gate voltage. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. about this quote: QUOTE REPAIRED: the extractor split a hyphen-space and the quote was recorded faithfully with the damage in it, which made it unanchorable. The repaired string is an EXACT SUBSTRING of the staged text - that is why it was accepted, not because a rule produced it. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted. | content_tags.findings[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Graphene forms an all-metallic field-effect transistor exhibiting ballistic transport at submicron distances even at room temperature. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | gate voltage Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: gate voltage | content_tags.variables[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | graphene Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: graphene | content_tags.definitions[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | few-layer graphene (FLG) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: few-layer graphene (FLG) | content_tags.definitions[1] | the tagger's words |
Tags that could not be placed in the text:
content_tags.quantities[2] — quotation withheld — the page has already reproduced as much of this paper as the rights budget allowsWhat was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.