Re-epithelialization and immune cell behaviour in an ex vivo human skin model

Ana Rakita, Nenad Nikolić, Michael Mildner, Johannes Matiasek, Adelheid Elbe‐Bürger · Scientific Reports · 2020 · medicine · 10.1038/s41598-019-56847-4 · record rakita2020-re-epithelialization-and-immune-ce
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Tags on this paper

Every tag the record carries, each linking to every other paper in the corpus that carries it. A tag appears here whether or not its words occur in the article — the spans below are only the ones a sentence in this paper licenses. Of the 29 concept tags on this paper, all 29 are grounded in a quoted sentence. 16 carry the tagger's gloss of what the term means in this paper, which is not something the article can license.

negative pressure basement membrane blister roof keratinocytes re-epithelialization animal model separation technique suction epidermis dermis abdominal skin 3 R principle cornification wound re-epithelialization terminal differentiation program Hemidesmosomes desmosomes epithelial wound regeneration dermal efflux suction blister fluid MMP-9 detaching basal keratinocytes wound closure VEGF release angiogenesis removal of dermal cells slight delay of re-epithelialization Topical negative pressure ideal wound healing environment EACH SEPARATION METHOD DAMAGES A DIFFERENT THING, WHICH IS WHY NONE IS GENERAL: heat harms epidermis and dermis, chemicals disturb the electrolyte equilibrium, enzymes kill components - and mechanical force is chosen because it changes nothing chemically THE MODEL'S WHOLE POINT IS WHAT IT LEAVES INTACT: the basement membrane survives blister roof removal and no keratinocytes remain in the wound bed, so closure afterwards must come from the edges EX VIVO IS SLOWER THAN IN VIVO AND THE PAPER SAYS WHY: culture lacks factors that arriving cells from the circulation would supply, and the dermal cells have been removed experiment

Method, as described: negative pressure applied to ex vivo human skin, blister roof removed, cultured at an air-liquid interphase

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claim type	`claim_type`	the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null
concept edge	`concept_edges`	an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it
concept	`concepts`	an idea the paper works with, quoted where the paper uses it
contribution	`contribution`	what the paper claims to add
control	`controls`	an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation
limitation	`limitations`	what the paper says its evidence cannot support
mechanism	`mechanisms`	how the reported effect is said to come about
method	`method`	how the paper produced its evidence
object of study	`object_of_study`	what the paper is about — the thing it investigates
phenomenon	`phenomenon`	the effect or regularity under study
research question	`research_question`	the question the paper sets itself
sense	`senses`	a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it

The paper

The full text is not reproduced here. This article is not cleared for redistribution, so the page carries the tag layer only. Its evidence sentences are withheld; the grounding status remains with each tag, and the article itself is at https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56847-4. The reading view exists for the papers whose licence permits it.

Every tag on this page

claim_type 1 · concept_edges 4 · concepts 29 · contribution 1 · controls 1 · limitations 5 · mechanisms 3 · method 1 · object_of_study 1 · phenomenon 1 · research_question 1 · senses 18

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facet	tag	field	conf.	whose words
object_of_study	re-epithelialization and immune cell behaviour in an ex vivo human skin wound made by suction Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`object_of_study`		the paper's words
research_question	whether a human ex vivo wound can be made without disrupting the dermal compartment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`research_question`		the paper's words
contribution	a suction-blister wound model in which the basement membrane survives and the wound bed starts free of keratinocytes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`contribution`		the paper's words
claim_type	method Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`claim_type`		the paper's words
phenomenon	closure of an epidermal wound by keratinocyte migration and proliferation from the wound edges Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`phenomenon`		the paper's words
method	experiment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: experiment	`method`		the paper's words
mechanisms	mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: EACH SEPARATION METHOD DAMAGES A DIFFERENT THING, WHICH IS WHY NONE IS GENERAL: heat harms epidermis and dermis, chemicals disturb the electrolyte equilibrium, enzymes kill components - and mechanical force is chosen because it changes nothing chemically	`mechanisms[0]`	0.95	the tagger's words
mechanisms	mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: THE MODEL'S WHOLE POINT IS WHAT IT LEAVES INTACT: the basement membrane survives blister roof removal and no keratinocytes remain in the wound bed, so closure afterwards must come from the edges	`mechanisms[1]`	0.95	the tagger's words
mechanisms	mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: EX VIVO IS SLOWER THAN IN VIVO AND THE PAPER SAYS WHY: culture lacks factors that arriving cells from the circulation would supply, and the dermal cells have been removed	`mechanisms[2]`	0.95	the tagger's words
limitations	EVERY EXPERIMENT SHOWN USES ABDOMINAL SKIN ONLY, stated by the authors in their own discussion Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`limitations[0]`	0.95	the tagger's words
limitations	Re-epithelialization in the model is slower than in vivo, which the paper attributes to missing culture factors and to the removal of dermal cells Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`limitations[1]`	0.95	the tagger's words
limitations	The model produces a differentiation pattern NOT seen in normal skin - DSG1 and CDSN in lower epidermal layers, read as premature cornification Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`limitations[2]`	0.95	the tagger's words
limitations	No separation method is appropriate for all purposes, on the paper's own account - so the model is offered as one technique among several rather than as a replacement Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`limitations[3]`	0.95	the tagger's words
limitations	The literature is described as large and yet lacking a standardised ex vivo model that leaves the dermal compartment undisrupted Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. about this quote: the quote carries SMALL-CAPS RENDERED AS LOWERCASE: the paper's “Nonetheless” opens a sentence and is staged as “nonetheless”. Verbatim against the staged text and harmless to the reading, but it is why the sentence looks like a comma splice. Confidence 0.85 under an earlier note of ours.	`limitations[4]`	0.85	the tagger's words
controls	the same suction applied to ex vivo thigh and arm skin, to show the method does not depend on the body site Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: that the re-epithelialization result is a property of abdominal skin, which is what was available - the paper says thigh and arm skin gave the same result and does not show it · outcome: absent-declared-unreported · would have ruled out, had it been run: the objection that the model works only on abdominal skin	`controls[0]`	0.85	the tagger's words
concepts	negative pressure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: negative pressure	`concepts[0]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	basement membrane Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: basement membrane	`concepts[1]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	blister roof Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: blister roof	`concepts[2]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	keratinocytes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: keratinocytes	`concepts[3]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	re-epithelialization Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: re-epithelialization	`concepts[4]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	animal model Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: animal model	`concepts[5]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	separation technique Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: separation technique	`concepts[6]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	suction Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: suction	`concepts[7]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	epidermis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: epidermis	`concepts[8]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	dermis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: dermis	`concepts[9]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	abdominal skin Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: abdominal skin	`concepts[10]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	3 R principle Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: 3 R principle	`concepts[11]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	cornification Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: cornification	`concepts[12]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	wound re-epithelialization Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: wound re-epithelialization	`concepts[13]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	terminal differentiation program Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: terminal differentiation program	`concepts[14]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	Hemidesmosomes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Hemidesmosomes	`concepts[15]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	desmosomes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: desmosomes	`concepts[16]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	epithelial wound regeneration Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: epithelial wound regeneration	`concepts[17]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	dermal efflux Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: dermal efflux	`concepts[18]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	suction blister fluid Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: suction blister fluid	`concepts[19]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	MMP-9 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: MMP-9	`concepts[20]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	detaching basal keratinocytes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: detaching basal keratinocytes	`concepts[21]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	wound closure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: wound closure	`concepts[22]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	VEGF release Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: VEGF release	`concepts[23]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	angiogenesis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: angiogenesis	`concepts[24]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	removal of dermal cells Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: removal of dermal cells	`concepts[25]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	slight delay of re-epithelialization Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: slight delay of re-epithelialization	`concepts[26]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	Topical negative pressure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Topical negative pressure	`concepts[27]`	0.95	the paper's words
concepts	ideal wound healing environment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: ideal wound healing environment	`concepts[28]`	0.95	the paper's words
senses	separation technique - THE PAPER TREATS THE CHOICE AS QUESTION-DEPENDENT RATHER THAN AS A RANKING: heat, chemicals, enzymes and mechanical force each damage something different, and which damage is acceptable depends on what is being asked Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[0]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	Re-epithelialization - epidermal regeneration completed by keratinocyte migration and differentiation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[1]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	wound re-epithelialization - epidermal regeneration in which keratinocytes migrate and differentiate Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[2]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	terminal differentiation program - the differentiation transition in which basal K14/K5 are substituted by K1/K10 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[3]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	Hemidesmosomes - basement-membrane attachments that loosen to permit keratinocyte migration Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[4]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	desmosomes - cell-cell attachments that loosen to permit keratinocyte migration Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[5]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	epithelial wound regeneration - the main regenerative features the ex vivo model is said to recapitulate Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[6]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	dermal efflux - movement inferred from dermal population decreases and their appearance in blister roof/fluid Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[7]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	suction blister fluid - one compartment in which populations absent from normal epidermis were detected Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[8]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	MMP-9 - wound-edge factor proposed to detach basal keratinocytes and promote closure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[9]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	detaching basal keratinocytes - MMP-9-mediated release of basal keratinocytes from the basement membrane Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[10]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	wound closure - the repair outcome promoted by MMP-9-linked keratinocyte detachment and migration Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[11]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	VEGF release - release reported to be increased by MMP-9 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[12]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	angiogenesis - vascular growth promoted by MMP-9 and dependent on endothelial MMP-9 expression Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[13]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	removal of dermal cells - loss introduced by suction blistering that might slow re-epithelialization Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[14]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	slight delay of re-epithelialization - the modest re-epithelialization slowdown the paper says may follow cell removal or absent incoming cells Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[15]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	Topical negative pressure - clinical negative-pressure treatment for difficult wounds Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[16]`	0.95	the tagger's words
senses	ideal wound healing environment - the local state attributed to increased flow, reduced bacterial colonization, and exudate removal Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above.	`senses[17]`	0.95	the tagger's words
concept_edges	MMP-9 —causes→ VEGF release Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: The review says MMP-9 'has been reported to increase' VEGF release; weight 0.9 preserves the attribution. Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but attributed: the span says MMP-9 'has been reported' to increase VEGF release. also in: MMP-9 · VEGF release	`concept_edges[1]`	0.95	the tagger's words
concept_edges	MMP-9 —causes→ angiogenesis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: The review reports promotion and a prerequisite relation rather than presenting a new intervention; weight 0.9 preserves that status. Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but attributed: the span says MMP-9 'has been reported' to promote angiogenesis. also in: MMP-9 · angiogenesis	`concept_edges[2]`	0.95	the tagger's words
concept_edges	removal of dermal cells —causes→ slight delay of re-epithelialization Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 0.7 · note: The paper says removal and/or absent incoming cells 'might cause' the delay; weight 0.7 preserves both modality and alternative causation. Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the span says the removal MIGHT cause a slight delay; hedged. also in: removal of dermal cells · slight delay of re-epithelialization	`concept_edges[3]`	0.95	the tagger's words
concept_edges	Topical negative pressure —causes→ ideal wound healing environment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: The paper summarizes the clinical description of benefit through three named mechanisms; weight 0.9 marks that this is reported background rather than the paper's experiment. Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but attributed: the span says topical negative pressure 'is described as' beneficial. also in: Topical negative pressure · ideal wound healing environment	`concept_edges[4]`	0.95	the tagger's words

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