standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| concept edge | concept_edges | an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it |
| concept | concepts | an idea the paper works with, quoted where the paper uses it |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| contribution | contribution | what the paper claims to add |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| object of study | object_of_study | what the paper is about — the thing it investigates |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| research question | research_question | the question the paper sets itself |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
| unrecordable relation | unhoused_relations | a relation the paper asserts that this vocabulary cannot express, with the reason |
Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; 6 of 6 relations here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.
This record holds no controls. A layer is empty when the tagger recorded nothing in it — which is not the same as the paper having nothing to record.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| object_of_study | higher-order (global) statistical image properties of print advertisements, visual artworks and images of architecture, measured with computer-vision algorithms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | object_of_study | the paper's words | |
| research_question | whether images of advertisements (and architecture) share the statistical image properties characteristic of artworks - high self-similarity, intermediate complexity, low anisotropy - and whether the measures discriminate image categories Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | research_question | the paper's words | |
| contribution | the first analysis of higher-order global statistical image properties of print advertisements, showing that man-made visually pleasing images share specific higher-order properties that distinguish them from other image types Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | contribution | the paper's words | |
| claim_type | existence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | man-made visually pleasing images (artworks, advertisements, architecture) share a specific pattern of higher-order statistical image properties that distinguishes them from other types of images Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | corpus-analysis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: corpus-analysis | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | The human visual system is adapted to process natural-scene statistics efficiently, so visually pleasing images that follow universal regularities can be processed efficiently. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[0] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | It has been proposed that stimuli which can be processed fluently are more aesthetic in general. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: processing fluency | mechanisms[1] | 0.85 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | Higher-order image features may be processed fast at a lower level of the visual system, similar to gist perception of scenes, possibly before advertisement content is recognised. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: fast gist-level processing | mechanisms[2] | 0.85 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | Advertisements can activate the brain's reward circuitry, which is also involved in the perception of other visually pleasing images such as artworks. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: reward-circuitry activation | mechanisms[3] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | Berlyne's u-shaped dependence of hedonic value on complexity was explained by the differing activation of two antagonistic brain systems, a reward system and an aversion system. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[4] | 0.88 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | Humans may prefer fractal, self-similar geometry in architecture and urban scenes, possibly because ancestral natural surroundings had fractal characteristics. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[5] | 0.8 | the tagger's words |
| mechanisms | Higher anisotropy in advertisements may arise from vertical text and image divisions along cardinal (horizontal and vertical) orientations. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[6] | 0.82 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | Whether these image properties are necessary or sufficient to induce aesthetic perception, and how they correlate with brain activation, remains to be investigated. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[0] | 0.97 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | The measured properties are not independent, so the precise relation between the different measures remains to be determined. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[1] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | The dependence of beauty on complexity is not straightforward, and there is a general lack of well-controlled studies that manipulate complexity in such images. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[2] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | Monochrome artworks are not equivalent to grayscale versions of colored paintings, because conversion to grayscale may destroy their aesthetic appeal. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[3] | 0.93 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | The role of anisotropy in architectural aesthetics remains unclear. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[4] | 0.93 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | Whether the specific pattern of the three measures is required or sufficient for aesthetic perception remains to be studied. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | limitations[5] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
| concepts | statistical image properties Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: statistical image properties | concepts[0] | 0.97 | the paper's words |
| concepts | higher-order image properties Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: higher-order image properties | concepts[1] | 0.96 | the paper's words |
| concepts | self-similarity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: self-similarity | concepts[2] | 0.97 | the paper's words |
| concepts | complexity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: complexity | concepts[3] | 0.97 | the paper's words |
| concepts | anisotropy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: anisotropy | concepts[4] | 0.97 | the paper's words |
| concepts | Birkhoff-like measure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Birkhoff-like measure | concepts[5] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | fractal dimension Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: fractal dimension | concepts[6] | 0.96 | the paper's words |
| concepts | Fourier slope Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Fourier slope | concepts[7] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | PHOG method Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: PHOG method | concepts[8] | 0.96 | the paper's words |
| concepts | gradient image Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: gradient image | concepts[9] | 0.94 | the paper's words |
| concepts | box-counting method Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: box-counting method | concepts[10] | 0.94 | the paper's words |
| concepts | aesthetic perception Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: aesthetic perception | concepts[11] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | experimental aesthetics Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: experimental aesthetics | concepts[12] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | reward circuitry Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: reward circuitry | concepts[13] | 0.93 | the paper's words |
| concepts | visually pleasing images Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: visually pleasing images | concepts[14] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | man-made images Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: man-made images | concepts[15] | 0.94 | the paper's words |
| concepts | advertisements Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: advertisements | concepts[16] | 0.97 | the paper's words |
| concepts | artworks Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: artworks | concepts[17] | 0.97 | the paper's words |
| concepts | architecture Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: architecture | concepts[18] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | single-product advertisements Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: single-product advertisements | concepts[19] | 0.95 | the paper's words |
| concepts | leaflets Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: leaflets | concepts[20] | 0.93 | the paper's words |
| concepts | urban scenes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: urban scenes | concepts[21] | 0.93 | the paper's words |
| concepts | buildings Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: buildings | concepts[22] | 0.93 | the paper's words |
| concepts | natural scenes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: natural scenes | concepts[23] | 0.94 | the paper's words |
| concepts | aesthetic value Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: aesthetic value | concepts[24] | 0.93 | the paper's words |
| concepts | order Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: order | concepts[25] | 0.9 | the paper's words |
| concepts | biophilia Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: biophilia | concepts[26] | 0.92 | the paper's words |
| unhoused_relations | higher-order image properties → aesthetic perception Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. The paper speculates that specific higher-order image properties may enhance visual effectiveness and play a causative role in judging stimuli pleasing, but whether they do remains to be investigated. — the relation stated: higher-order image properties may play a causative role in perceiving stimuli as pleasing | unhoused_relations[0] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| unhoused_relations | processing fluency → aesthetic value Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. Stimuli that can be processed fluently are proposed to be more aesthetic in general. — the relation stated: fluent processing is proposed to increase aesthetic response | unhoused_relations[1] | 0.88 | the tagger's words |
| unhoused_relations | complexity → fractal dimension Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. Complexity and the fractal dimension are the most strongly correlated of the measures studied. — the relation stated: complexity is strongly correlated with the fractal dimension | unhoused_relations[2] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| unhoused_relations | self-similarity → complexity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. Self-similarity and complexity are also relatively strongly correlated across all images. — the relation stated: self-similarity correlates with complexity | unhoused_relations[3] | 0.93 | the tagger's words |
| unhoused_relations | self-similarity → PHOG method Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. Self-similarity, complexity and anisotropy are the measures obtained with the PHOG method. — the relation stated: self-similarity is one of the measures | unhoused_relations[4] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
| senses | complexity - measured sense: the mean of all gradient strengths in the gradient image, an objective image statistic Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| senses | complexity - hedonic/conceptual sense: Berlyne's information content, whose intermediate level is judged more aesthetic Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
| senses | complexity - fractal-dimension sense: the density of edges in a binarized image Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 0.93 | the tagger's words |
| senses | self-similarity - measured sense: PHOG histogram-intersection similarity of image sections to a reference section across pyramid levels Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[3] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
| senses | self-similarity - fractal/aesthetic sense: fractal-like self-similar structure that can evoke aesthetic experience Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[4] | 0.93 | the tagger's words |
| senses | anisotropy - measured sense: statistical variance of image-feature strength across orientations, distinguishing artworks (low) from advertisements (higher) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[5] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
| senses | aesthetic value - Birkhoff sense: a function of the ratio of order (here self-similarity) to complexity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[6] | 0.93 | the tagger's words |
| senses | aesthetics - computational sense: statistical image properties relatable to visual perception, as against the perceptual experience of pleasingness Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[7] | 0.92 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | builds-on → the computational/statistical-image-properties approach to visual aesthetics (Redies, Amirshahi, Graham and colleagues) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. note: Applies previously developed PHOG measures and Fourier/fractal analyses to advertisements and architecture. | claim_relations[0] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | extends → prior PHOG analyses that distinguish artworks from other image categories Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. note: Adds advertisements and architecture to the categories distinguished by the PHOG measures. | claim_relations[1] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | supports → the idea that visually pleasing man-made images share specific higher-order statistical properties allowing efficient visual processing Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. note: Speculative extension of the idea to print advertising. | claim_relations[2] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | supports → the biophilia hypothesis that humans prefer fractal, self-similar geometry in architecture Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. note: Self-similarity and complexity similarities support it, but anisotropy is much higher than in natural scenes. | claim_relations[3] | 0.85 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | qualifies → Berlyne's link between intermediate complexity and aesthetic preference Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. note: Support is qualified by the lack of well-controlled complexity-manipulation studies. | claim_relations[4] | 0.88 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | contrasts-with → prior studies of basic print-advertisement features (color, size, spacing) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. note: This work targets higher-order global properties not previously studied. | claim_relations[5] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | advertisements —is-a→ man-made images Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 1 · note: Flat categorical kindhood, cue 'another type of'. · the relation stated: Advertisements are another type of man-made images that attract human attention. also in: advertisements · man-made images | concept_edges[0] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | complexity —operationalised-as→ gradient image Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 0.95 · note: Measurement/definition of complexity via the gradient image. · the relation stated: Complexity is operationalised as the mean of all gradient strengths in the gradient image. also in: complexity · gradient image | concept_edges[1] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | fractal dimension —operationalised-as→ box-counting method Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 0.95 · note: Fractal dimension operationalised via the box-counting method. · the relation stated: The fractal (box-counting) dimension is estimated by fitting a line to the box-counting plot. also in: fractal dimension · box-counting method | concept_edges[2] | 0.9 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | advertisements —contrasted-with→ artworks Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 0.85 · note: Differentiator: anisotropy; the two share most other properties. · the relation stated: Median anisotropy is higher for advertisements than for artworks, which are distinctively low in anisotropy. also in: advertisements · artworks | concept_edges[3] | 0.93 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | single-product advertisements —contrasted-with→ leaflets Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: Differentiator: complexity. · the relation stated: Single-product advertisements are generally less complex than leaflets that promote multiple products per page. also in: single-product advertisements · leaflets | concept_edges[4] | 0.93 | the tagger's words |
| concept_edges | urban scenes —contrasted-with→ buildings Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. the relation itself is separately evidenced · strength of the relation: 0.9 · note: Differentiator: self-similarity. · the relation stated: In contrast to buildings and facades, urban scenes contain more diverse elements and are less self-similar.
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its span and kept, but the span is about buildings' self-similarity; 'urban scenes' is loose. also in: urban scenes · buildings | concept_edges[5] | 0.92 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | On average, images of advertisements and artworks share a similar degree of complexity (fractal dimension) and self-similarity and similarities in the Fourier spectrum, but advertisements are more anisotropic than artworks. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[0] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Images of advertisements are characterized by a specific combination of higher-order image properties: high self-similarity, intermediate complexity and intermediate anisotropy. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | For single-product advertisements, the measured image properties do not depend on the type of product promoted (cars, cosmetics, fashion or other). Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[2] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Median anisotropy is higher for advertisements than for artworks and natural scenes, and nearly all categories are significantly more anisotropic than artworks except the natural categories. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[3] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | The measured properties are not independent; the strongest correlation is between complexity and the fractal dimension. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[4] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | The PHOG measures (self-similarity, complexity and anisotropy) allow distinguishing artworks from many other image categories on average. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[5] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Statistical testing showed overall differences between all 15 image groups on all six measures (p < 0.001). Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[6] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Images of architecture share statistical properties with images of advertisements to a large extent. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[7] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | The three PHOG approaches to self-similarity (parent, neighbor, ground) give different absolute values but are robust for the relative differences between image categories. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[8] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the statistical variance (heterogeneity) of image-feature strength across orientations in an image; low anisotropy means uniform strengths across orientations, high means orientations differ in prominence Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: anisotropy | content_tags.definitions[0] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the mean of all gradient strengths in the gradient image; low for uniform images, high for images with large pixel changes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: complexity | content_tags.definitions[1] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the density of edges in a binarized image, an indicator of complexity closely related to it Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: fractal dimension | content_tags.definitions[2] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the degree to which image sections resemble a reference section - the parent section, the neighboring sections, or the whole image at ground level - across pyramid levels, computed with the PHOG method Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: self-similarity | content_tags.definitions[3] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | an aesthetic-value proxy defined as self-similarity divided by complexity, substituting self-similarity for order in Birkhoff's order/complexity ratio Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Birkhoff-like measure | content_tags.definitions[4] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the concept that urban planning and architectural design should be based on fractal (self-similar) geometry, which humans are held to prefer in their environment Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: biophilia | content_tags.definitions[5] | 0.93 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | the slope of the log-log plot of the radially averaged Fourier power spectrum; about -2 for scale-invariant, fractal-like monochrome artworks and natural scenes Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Fourier slope | content_tags.definitions[6] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | about 200 color images per dataset — size of each of the 15 image-category datasets Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[0] | 0.97 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 15 image categories — number of image categories analysed Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | 0.98 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 197 paintings — size of the artworks dataset Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[2] | 0.98 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | self-similarity 0.62 (advertisements) vs 0.68 (artworks), ground approach — PHOG self-similarity, advertisements compared to artworks Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[3] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | complexity 9.00 (advertisements), 7.23 (artworks), 28.25 (branches) — PHOG complexity values across categories Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[4] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | anisotropy 0.70x10-3 (advertisements) vs 0.49x10-3 (artworks) — anisotropy is higher for advertisements than artworks Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[5] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Fourier slope -2.57 (advertisements), -2.45 to -2.53 (architecture), -2.77 (artworks) — slope of the radially averaged Fourier power spectrum by category Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[6] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 100,000 pixels — image size to which all images were reduced for the PHOG analysis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[7] | 0.97 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | 16 bins covering 360 degrees — orientation bins used to compute the HOG features Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[8] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | level 3 (64 sub-sections) — highest pyramid level used in the analysis Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[9] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | self-similarity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: self-similarity | content_tags.variables[0] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | complexity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: complexity | content_tags.variables[1] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | anisotropy Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: anisotropy | content_tags.variables[2] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | fractal dimension Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: fractal dimension | content_tags.variables[3] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Fourier slope Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Fourier slope | content_tags.variables[4] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | Birkhoff-like measure Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Birkhoff-like measure | content_tags.variables[5] | 0.95 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | image category Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: image category | content_tags.variables[6] | 0.96 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | type of product Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: type of product | content_tags.variables[7] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
| content_tags | resolution of the images Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: resolution of the images | content_tags.variables[8] | 0.94 | the tagger's words |
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What was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.