standOff, and the article is at its publisher via the link below. When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.| relation to other work | claim_relations | how this paper stands to another: agrees, contradicts, extends, qualifies |
| claim type | claim_type | the shape of the claim: existence, mechanism, method, critique, prediction, null |
| concept edge | concept_edges | an asserted relation between two concepts, with the sentence asserting it |
| concept | concepts | an idea the paper works with, quoted where the paper uses it |
| content tag | content_tags | a finding, definition, quantity, statistic or variable named in the paper |
| control | controls | an experiment run to eliminate a rival explanation |
| limitation | limitations | what the paper says its evidence cannot support |
| mechanism | mechanisms | how the reported effect is said to come about |
| method | method | how the paper produced its evidence |
| phenomenon | phenomenon | the effect or regularity under study |
| sense | senses | a distinct use of a term, quoted where the paper fixes it |
Relations on this page carry a quotation for the claim. Where a relation was separately evidenced — and so tested against the vocabulary for its type — the row says so; none of 1 relation here carry that mark. The rest are the tagger’s reading of the sentence quoted beside them.
| facet | tag | field | conf. | whose words |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| claim_type | method Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_type | the paper's words | |
| phenomenon | localization of single-neuron recordings in human hippocampal CA1 and CA3 Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | phenomenon | the paper's words | |
| method | electrophysiology Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: electrophysiology | method | the paper's words | |
| mechanisms | mechanisms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | mechanisms[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | Only the 2-5 msec feed-forward correlations can be taken as definitive evidence of CA3-to-CA1 synaptic connectivity; the synchronous and long-lag pairs are inferred to be correctly assigned rather than proven so. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the connectivity claim, separated from the suggestive part: ONLY THE 2- TO 5-MSEC FEED-FORWARD CORRELATIONS (20.3%) CAN BE DEFINITIVELY IDENTIFIED AS CA3-TO-CA1 SYNAPTIC CONNECTIVITY | limitations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | The localization procedure used here is not a standardized stereotactic system, which the authors say would be needed for cross-centre standardization. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: any comparison across surgical centres: LOCALIZATION USING STANDARDIZED TEMPORAL STEREOTACTIC SYSTEMS ... WOULD BE USEFUL FOR FUTURE ITERATIONS OR FOR STANDARDIZATION ACROSS SURGICAL CENTERS | limitations[1] | the tagger's words | |
| limitations | A cell type is inferred from a firing-rate threshold and those cells are excluded from the sample. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: any proportion reported over these neurons: cells with steady-state resting firing rates above 20 Hz were treated as clearly interneurons and were not recorded | limitations[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | The cell-type labels are confirmed by the connectivity pattern they are used to demonstrate. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the identification of these neurons as CA3 and CA1: cells were selected as candidates on waveform and firing-rate characteristics and then confirmed within the CA3-to-CA1 projection pathways via measures of functional connectivity | limitations[3] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| limitations | The human proportion is validated by its resemblance to published animal numbers. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. what this limits: the 26% feed-forward correlation reported here: the authors support it by noting that it favourably compares to reports of 20%-25% feedforward CA3-CA1 correlation in published animal studies | limitations[4] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| controls | post-operative electrode placement verified by MRI Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. eliminates: assigning CA1 and CA3 recordings to the wrong subfield, which is the entire distinction the paper rests on · outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation): held | controls[0] | 0.85 | the tagger's words |
| concepts | interneurons Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: interneurons | concepts[0] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | principal neurons Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: principal neurons | concepts[1] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | functional connectivity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: functional connectivity | concepts[2] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | inverse correlation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: inverse correlation | concepts[3] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | synaptic connectivity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: synaptic connectivity | concepts[4] | the paper's words | |
| concepts | feed-forward correlations Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: feed-forward correlations | concepts[5] | the paper's words | |
| senses | an interneuron, here - A FIRING RATE ABOVE 20 Hz: the classification is made in a parenthesis and acted on in the main clause, so a rate threshold becomes a cell type and then an exclusion, and every proportion in the paper is computed over what remained Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[0] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | a CA3 or CA1 principal neuron - CANDIDATE BY WAVEFORM, CONFIRMED BY CONNECTIVITY: the label is assigned from waveform and firing rate and then confirmed by the projection pattern it predicts, so the classification and the finding it supports rest on each other Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[1] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| senses | the argument for the labels - AN EXPECTED SIGNATURE OF ERROR: misidentification is said to be expected to yield a higher percentage of inverse correlation, so the low inverse rate is offered as evidence the labels are right - sound only if misidentification could not also produce the observed pattern Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | senses[2] | 1.0 | the tagger's words |
| claim_relations | extends → Ulbert et al., intraoperative layer-specific human hippocampal recordings with postoperative histology Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | claim_relations[0] | the tagger's words | |
| concept_edges | feed-forward correlations —operationalised-as→ synaptic connectivity Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. holds when: only for correlations in the 2- to 5-msec window · strength of the relation: 1
Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the span says the correlations can be IDENTIFIED as connectivity; operationalised-as is loose. also in: feed-forward correlations · synaptic connectivity | concept_edges[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | t-test Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: t-test | content_tags.statistics[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | cross-correlation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: cross-correlation | content_tags.statistics[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | standard deviation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: standard deviation | content_tags.statistics[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | p-value Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: p-value | content_tags.statistics[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Nearly 80% of putative CA3-to-CA1 cell pairs showed positive cross-correlations compatible with a feed-forward connection, whereas only 2.6% showed inverse (feedback) correlation. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Feed-forward correlation was found in 1,071 of 4,070 CA3-CA1 pairs (26%), a rate close to the 20%-25% reported in animal studies, even after synchronous and long-latency correlations were excluded. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | In non-epileptic patients the CA1 region lay at an average depth of 36.06 mm from the outer table of the skull on the left and 34.84 mm on the right. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Only the 2-5 msec feed-forward correlations (20.3%) are definitive CA3-to-CA1 synaptic connectivity, but positive correlations dominated (77.8%) and inverse correlations were rare, which the authors read as evidence that the cells were correctly assigned to CA3 and CA1. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Anterior hippocampal neurons fired mainly at the sample response, whereas posterior hippocampal neurons fired at elevated rates in the interval between the sample and the match responses. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[4] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | About five times as many recorded hippocampal neurons fired below 5.0 Hz as fired above 5.0 Hz. Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.findings[5] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | Delayed-Match-to-Sample Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: Delayed-Match-to-Sample | content_tags.definitions[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | cross-correlograms Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: cross-correlograms | content_tags.variables[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | line noise Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. also in: line noise | content_tags.variables[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 2.6% — proportion of CA3-CA1 cell pairs showing feedback (inverse) correlation, taken as the misidentification rate Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[0] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 1071 (26%) of 4070 — number and share of cell pairs showing feed-forward CA3-to-CA1 correlation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[1] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 77.8% — share of CA3-CA1 pairs showing any positive (synchronous, short-lag or long-lag) correlation Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[2] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 36.06 ± 2.88 mm — mean depth of left-hemisphere CA1 from the outer table of the skull in non-epileptic patients Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[3] | the tagger's words | |
| content_tags | 744 — number of neurons recorded across the 23 implanted patients (per Table 1) Quotation withheld — this record is not cleared for redistribution. The sentence is in the paper at the link above. | content_tags.quantities[4] | the tagger's words |
Tags that could not be placed in the text:
What was deliberately not tagged, and why, is recorded per paper by the tagger. Where a paper has no such record, this page says so rather than implying that nothing was declined.