phenomenon · claim-type · cross-domain-transfer · mechanism · claim-relation · replication-status · limitation — grounded in the full text| phenomenon | dorsal-stream visuospatial processing— “The division of cortical visual processing into distinct dorsal and ventral streams is a key framework that has guided visual neuroscience.” | |
| claim-type | existence— “We review anatomical and functional evidence in primates indicating that the dorsal stream actually gives rise to three distinct, major pathways; a parieto–prefrontal pathway, a parieto–premotor pathway and a parieto–medial temporal pathway ( FIG. 1c ), which primarily support spatial working memory, visually guided action and spatial… | |
| method — evidence | — “Here, we review anatomical evidence, primarily from monkeys, in order to update the circuitry within the classical dorsal visual stream, after which we show that there is a trifurcation of this stream beyond the parietal cortex.” | |
| object of study — evidence | — “The characterization of the ventral stream as a ‘What’ pathway is relatively uncontroversial, but the nature of dorsal stream processing is less clear. Originally proposed as mediating spatial perception (‘Where’), more recent accounts suggest it primarily serves non-conscious visually guided action” | |
| research question — evidence | — “The existence of these multiple pathways, each mediating a different class of visuospatial functions, suggests that earlier characterizations of the dorsal stream as being either a perceptual Where or a motoric How pathway were insufficient to adequately capture the diversity of its visuospatial functions.” | |
| contribution — evidence | — “We review anatomical and functional evidence in primates indicating that the dorsal stream actually gives rise to three distinct, major pathways; a parieto–prefrontal pathway, a parieto–premotor pathway and a parieto–medial temporal pathway ( FIG. 1c ), which primarily support spatial working memory, visually guided action and spatial… | |
| transfer | from human neuropsychology: the single-patient dissociation in D.F., which grounded the How account of the whole dorsal stream— “Later, a patient with agnosia (D.F.), who has a large bilateral lesion of the occipitotemporal cortex and a small left-sided lesion of the occipitoparietal cortex ( FIG. 1b ) 4 , 5 , was found to have impaired perception of objects but intact ability to reach to objects, including shaping her grasping hand to reflect the size, shape and… | transfers[0] |
| transfer | from resting-state fMRI: functional connectivity in humans, used to corroborate a circuit established by tract tracing in monkeys— “Strong correlations were also observed between time courses of fMRI responses in regions that constitute the parieto–medial temporal pathway — that is, the IPL, PCC and RSC — and the parahippocampal cortex ( FIG. 3 ; see REF. 53 for similar results in monkey and see REF. 54 for related results in human connectivity).” | transfers[1] |
| mechanism | The three pathways acquire their different functions from their differing cortical targets rather than from their overlapping parietal sources — granular six-layered targets support perception while the agranular premotor target supports action— “To account for how these three pathways support such distinctly different visuospatial functions — conscious perception and nonconscious action — and yet emerge from overlapping sources within the posterior parietal cortex, we suggest that their differential cortical targets are largely responsible.” | mechanisms[0] |
| mechanism | Regional function is generated by the region's pattern of connectivity, so densely and reciprocally connected regions necessarily share functional properties and functions blend in gradients along a pathway— “A major premise in this perspective is that the function of a region emerges from its particular pattern of connectivity, and that densely and reciprocally interconnected regions must share at least some functional properties.” | mechanisms[1] |
| mechanism | The PCC and RSC sit mid-pathway and perform the conversion of egocentric parietal space codes into the allocentric codes used by the medial temporal lobe— “Consistent with its position in the parieto – medial temporal pathway, the PCC has also been proposed as an area that contributes to the translation between the egocentric representations of space in the posterior parietal cortex and the allocentric representations in the MTL (for example, REF. 119 ).” | mechanisms[2] |
| mechanism | the occipito-parietal circuit is the shared antecedent from which all three pathways diverge— “This stream is now known to consist of a set of projections from early visual cortical areas to posterior regions of the parietal cortex — the latter including medial portions of the superior parietal lobule (SPL) — together with interconnections among those parietal regions.” | mechanisms[3] |
| mechanism | posterior parietal representations are predominantly egocentric while medial temporal ones are mainly allocentric, with PCC and RSC coordinating between them— “The posterior parietal region seems to contain predominantly egocentric representations of space, whereas the MTL contains spatial representations of scenes that are mainly allocentric.” | mechanisms[4] |
| mechanism | damage at different points along the pathway produces predictably different forms of topographic disorientation— “In addition, we show that damage to the parieto–medial temporal pathway in humans results in various forms of topographic disorientation 15 that differ predictably depending on where along the pathway the damage has occurred.” | mechanisms[5] |
| mechanism | a speculative anatomical account: the perception pathways target granular six-layered cortex while the action pathway targets agranular five-layered cortex— “It may not be a coincidence that the targets of the parieto – prefrontal and parieto – medial temporal (‘perception’) pathways are six-layered… | mechanisms[6] |
| mechanism | human resting-state functional connectivity reproduces the monkey tract-tracing circuit Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | mechanisms[7] |
| builds-on | Milner and Goodale's 'How' account of the dorsal stream Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[0] |
| contradicts | the hypothesis (from patient D.F.) that the dorsal stream serves only non-conscious action and that only the ventral stream yields conscious representations Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[1] |
| builds-on | Margulies and colleagues (ref. 51), human/monkey functional connectivity of medial parietal areas Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[2] |
| contradicts | the characterisation of the dorsal stream as either a perceptual Where or a motoric How pathway Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[3] |
| qualifies | the claim that only the ventral stream produces representations accessible to consciousness Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[4] |
| extends | the original two-stream anatomy of Ungerleider and Mishkin Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[5] |
| supports | the parieto-medial temporal pathway, previously not well characterised in primates Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[6] |
| sense | the same anatomical stream has carried three successive names - Where, How, and now a trifurcated framework - and each name IS a functional theory rather than a label Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[0] |
| sense | dorsal stream is explicitly REDEFINED here: originally the pathway from striate cortex to the posterior inferior parietal lobule, now a widespread system across frontal, temporal and limbic lobes Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[1] |
| sense | egocentric and allocentric are the two reference frames whose transformation is the pathway's proposed job, and the mechanism of transformation is stated to be unknown Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[2] |
| sense | topographic disorientation is not one syndrome but a family, subdivided by which part of the pathway is damaged Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[3] |
| edge | dorsal stream —contrasted-with→ ventral stream Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[0] |
| differs in | egocentric —contrasted-with→ allocentric — THE AXIS IS THE REFERENCE FRAME, AND BOTH SIDES ARE HEDGED. 'The posterior parietal region seems to contain predominantly egocentric representations of space, whereas the MTL contains spatial representations of scenes that are mainly allocentric.' Note 'predominantly' and 'mainly' on either side: the division is a tendency, not a partition, and a join that treats it as a partition will find counterexamples in both regions and call them contradictions. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| note | egocentric —contrasted-with→ allocentric — and the mechanism converting one to the other is stated to be unknown Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| note | spatial working memory —distinct-from→ visually guided action — the two functions the old single dorsal stream had to carry at once Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| for which use | limitation — comparisons between functional properties within a region: THERE HAS BEEN LITTLE RESEARCH THAT DIRECTLY COMPARES THE RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF THESE DIFFERENT FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES (FOR EXAMPLE, PERIPERSONAL VERSUS EXTRAPERSONAL CODING) WITHIN THE SAME REGION Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| for which use | limitation — the intermediate areas of the pathway: THIS NEW FRAMEWORK ALSO HIGHLIGHTS THE PAUCITY OF EMPIRICAL DATA REGARDING THE INTERMEDIATE AREAS IN THE PARIETO-MEDIAL TEMPORAL PATHWAY Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
| for which use | limitation — the trifurcation as a complete list: WE DO NOT MEAN TO IMPLY THAT THERE ARE THREE PATHWAYS ONLY, FOR THERE MAY WELL BE OTHERS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[2] |
| for which use | limitation — other modalities, excluded by design: IN LIMITING THIS REVIEW TO VISUOSPATIAL PROCESSING, WE RECOGNIZE THAT WE HAVE LARGELY NEGLECTED THE ROLE THAT THE POSTERIOR PARIETAL CORTEX PLAYS IN SPATIAL PROCESSING IN OTHER MODALITIES Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
| for which use | limitation — everything the framework infers from anatomy: A MAJOR PREMISE IN THIS PERSPECTIVE IS THAT THE FUNCTION OF A REGION EMERGES FROM ITS PARTICULAR PATTERN OF CONNECTIVITY Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[4] |
| for which use | limitation — the area-by-area presentation: THIS APPROACH IS PURELY DIDACTIC. IN FACT, WE ASSUME THAT THERE ARE GRADIENTS OF FUNCTION WITHIN AND BETWEEN areas Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[5] |
| for which use | limitation — the reference-frame account: IT IS STILL UNCLEAR HOW THESE TRANSFORMATIONS BETWEEN REFERENCE FRAMES occur Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[6] |
| duplicate of | limitation — limitations[2] Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[7] |
| for which use | limitation — the same scope as limitations[2] - the trifurcation is not claimed to be exhaustive Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[7] |
| for which use | limitation — the granular-versus-agranular explanation: WHETHER OR NOT THESE DIFFERENCES IN THE MAKEUP OF THEIR CORTICAL TARGETS HELP TO ACCOUNT FOR THE STRIKING DIFFERENCES IN THE FUNCTIONAL CHARACTERISTICS IS A MATTER FOR FUTURE RESEARCH Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[8] |
| for which use | limitation — the navigation account of the pathway: THE EXISTENCE OF THESE MULTIPLE [routes] leaves other visuospatial functions available to it Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[9] |
| for which use | limitation — the layout-over-semantics claim about PPA, which is contested: SEE REFS 173, 174 FOR OPPOSING VIEWS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[10] |
| evidential status | mechanism — the paper's own words: we suggest that Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | mechanisms[0] |
| replication | untested | |
| limitation | No research directly compares the relative importance of the different functional properties within the same parietal region, so the proposed anatomical divisions are not yet functionally adjudicated. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| limitation | Empirical data on the intermediate relay areas (PCC, RSC) of the proposed parieto-medial temporal pathway are sparse. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
| limitation | The trifurcation is not claimed to be exhaustive; further pathways may exist. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[2] |
| limitation | Scope is restricted to visuospatial processing, neglecting parietal contributions to spatial processing in other modalities. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
| limitation | the framework's central premise - that function follows connectivity - is stated as a premise rather than demonstrated Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[4] |
| limitation | the area-by-area exposition is described by the authors as purely didactic, with gradients assumed instead Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[5] |
| limitation | how the reference-frame transformations are actually performed remains unclear Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[6] |
| limitation | there may be more than three pathways; the trifurcation is not claimed to be exhaustive Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[7] |
| limitation | the granular versus agranular account is explicitly left for future research Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[8] |
| limitation | navigation evidence does not exclude other visuospatial functions for the pathway Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[9] |
| limitation | the claim that the parahippocampal place area tracks layout over semantic content has published opposing views Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[10] |
finding · quantity · variable · definition · key-term — grounded in the full text| finding | The dorsal stream is shown to trifurcate beyond parietal cortex into parieto-prefrontal, parieto-premotor and parieto-medial temporal pathways, the last running through posterior cingulate and retrosplenial cortex to the medial temporal lobe. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[0] |
| finding | Because each of the three pathways serves a different class of visuospatial function, neither the 'Where' nor the 'How' characterisation of the dorsal stream is adequate. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[1] |
| finding | The site of damage along the parieto-medial temporal pathway predicts which specific form of topographic disorientation a patient shows. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[2] |
| finding | Human resting-state fMRI connectivity between IPL, PCC, RSC and parahippocampal cortex converges with the monkey tract-tracing evidence for the proposed pathway. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[3] |
| finding | Within the IPL, only the rostral part (area 7b) is specialized for guiding action in peripersonal space. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[4] |
| finding | The dorsal stream is reconceived as a widespread visuospatial system across frontal, temporal and limbic cortex, contributing to both spatial perception and non-conscious spatial processing. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[5] |
| finding | The review suggests, as one potential answer, the MTL as a major point of convergence and perceptual integration for the ventral stream and the parieto-medial temporal pathway. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[6] |
| finding | the dorsal stream trifurcates beyond parietal cortex into prefrontal, premotor and medial temporal pathways Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[7] |
| finding | resting-state fMRI time courses correlate strongly among IPL, PCC, RSC and parahippocampal cortex Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[8] |
| finding | damage at different points along the pathway yields predictably different topographic disorientations Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[9] |
| finding | landmark agnosia leaves orientation and map-making intact but destroys landmark recognition Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[10] |
| finding | anterograde topographic disorientation leaves patients unable to form representations of new environments Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[11] |
| finding | the parahippocampal place area responds equally to furnished and emptied rooms, tracking layout rather than content Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[12] |
| finding | patient D.F. can reach accurately for objects she cannot consciously perceive Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[13] |
| finding | but D.F. can also make conscious depth judgments that probably depend on the dorsal stream Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[14] |
| quantity | three pathways, not claimed to be exhaustive — the proposed trifurcation, with the authors noting there may well be others Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[0] |
| variable | reference frame Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[1] |
| definition | parieto–medial temporal pathway Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[0] |
| definition | retrosplenial complex Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[1] |
| definition | head-direction cells Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[2] |
| definition | place cells Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[3] |
| definition | allocentric spatial view cells Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[4] |
| definition | heading disorientation Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[5] |
| definition | landmark agnosia Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[6] |
| definition | anterograde topographic disorientation Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[7] |
| definition | cross-modal extinction Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[8] |
| definition | parahippocampal place area Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[9] |
| definition | dorsal stream Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[10] |
| definition | dorsal stream Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[11] |
| key-terms | dorsal stream, ventral stream, egocentric, allocentric, navigation, spatial working memory, visually guided action, retrosplenial, posterior cingulate, topographic disorientation, parahippocampal place area, head-direction cells, place cells, agranular, koniocortex, inferior parietal lobule, presubiculum, tract-tracing, connectivity, landmark |
| concept | dorsal stream — not defined in this paper's own words; the pathway being redefined - originally striate to inferior parietal lobule, now a widespread system Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[0] |
| claim type | critique — a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value; recorded: existence Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.claim_type |
| method | review of monkey tract-tracing anatomy, primate and human functional data, and human lesion syndromes, organised around a proposed trifurcation — a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value; recorded: review Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.method |
| phenomenon | visuospatial processing across cortex — a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value; recorded: dorsal-stream visuospatial processing Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.phenomenon |
When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.
Tag layer © the Meta-Tagging Project, CC BY 4.0. The paper text is © its authors/publisher
and is linked, not reproduced. Excerpts shown are short quotations for identification and verification.
· back to index
· concepts · authors
· עברית
© 2026 Shir Sivroni · ORCID 0009-0000-2597-2824