phenomenon · claim-type · cross-domain-transfer · mechanism · claim-relation · replication-status · limitation — grounded in the full text| phenomenon | tonotopic organisation of dorsal cochlear nucleus vertical cells— “Our results demonstrate that vertical cells are arranged tonotopically and send projections to matched frequency regions of the AVCN.” | |
| claim-type | existence— “Various quantitative approaches converged to the same conclusion that vertical cells are tonotopically organized within the DCN.” | |
| method — evidence | — “Single- and multi-unit recordings were performed with glass micropipettes (1.2 mm outer diameter) containing fluorescein dextran-amine (MW10,000; D-1820; Molecular Probes/Invitrogen, Carlsbad, CA) or tetramethylrhodamine dextran-amine (MW10,000; D-1817; Molecular Probes), each diluted to 10% w/v in a solution of 0.5M Tris buffer, pH 7.6, and… | |
| object of study — evidence | — “To address this issue, we retrogradely labeled vertical cells via physiologically targeted injections in the AVCN of the CBA/J mouse. Results from multiple cases were merged with a normalized 3D template of the cochlear nucleus ( Muniak et al., 2013 ) to quantitatively demonstrate that the arrangement of vertical cells is tonotopic and… | |
| research question — evidence | — “Differing lines of physiological and anatomical evidence suggest that vertical cells and their projections are organized with respect to frequency, but this has not been conclusively demonstrated in the intact mammalian brain.” | |
| contribution — evidence | — “Collectively, these indirect lines of evidence imply that vertical cells of the DCN are tonotopically organized. There is, however, scant direct evidence to support this conclusion in the intact mammalian brain” | |
| transfer | from cochlear anatomy: a frequency model built from AN innervation by cochlear origin, imported as an external criterion against which cell positions are predicted— “This model is based on the distribution of AN innervation in the CN with respect to cochlear origin, and makes no assumptions about nor imposes directionality to frequency organization throughout the volume of the nucleus.” | transfers[0] |
| transfer | from psychoacoustics of the outer ear: the pinna transfer function and the frequency range of spectral notches, used to explain an anatomical cell-count gradient— “With the mouse ear, spectral notches are largely observed in the >20 kHz range ( Lauer et al., 2011 ), which is where our vertical cell counts are the lowest. Furthermore, the transfer function of the mouse ear shows overall gains in the 10 – 20 kHz range ( Lauer et al., 2011 ), where our cell counts are higher.” | transfers[1] |
| mechanism | Auditory-nerve input pattern sets each cochlear nucleus neuron's best frequency, so the cochleotopic auditory-nerve projection imposes tonotopy on vertical cells— “Given evidence that the pattern of AN input largely determines the BF of neurons in the CN ( Bourk et al., 1981 ; Fekete et al., 1984 ; Spirou et al., 1993 ; Ryugo and May, 1993 ), it is reasonable to conclude that the arrangement of vertical cell BFs would follow suit.” | mechanisms[0] |
| mechanism | Vertical cell axons ramify locally inside an isofrequency slab, which is what makes their inhibition of pyramidal (type IV) cells fall at or near best frequency— “Thus, the near-BF inhibition of type IV units (pyramidal cells) by type II units is a result of the local ramification of vertical cell axons within an isofrequency slab.” | mechanisms[1] |
| mechanism | Frequency-specific inhibitory demand in the cochlear nucleus, set by the gains and spectral notches of the mouse ear transfer function, shapes how many vertical cells are found at each frequency— “Hence, the distribution of vertical cell numbers might relate to the overall inhibitory requirements in the CN with respect to frequency.” | mechanisms[2] |
| mechanism | retrograde labelling from a physiologically characterised AVCN site gives every labelled DCN cell an inherited BF, since the injection site's BF is measured and the cell's is not— “Furthermore, comparisons to a frequency model of the CN ( Muniak et al., 2013 ) demonstrated that the BF of each cell, inferred from the AVCN recording site, closely matched that of AN input.” | mechanisms[3] |
| mechanism | normalising every case into one 3D template lets cells from separate animals be merged into a single dataset— “Cases were normalized by independently aligning each surface to a template CN surface ( Muniak et al., 2013 ) using an iterative routine in Amira that produced an affine transformation matrix.” | mechanisms[4] |
| mechanism | dendrites and local axons stay within an isofrequency sheet defined by the incoming auditory nerve fibres, so inhibition lands on matched frequencies— “For each cell, the collective dendritic arborization formed a “spatial envelope” that conformed to an isofrequency sheet defined by the incoming auditory nerve fibers.” | mechanisms[5] |
| mechanism | a disynaptic tuberculoventral pathway whose delay is set by conduction velocity plus one synapse, proposed for echo suppression— “It has been proposed that this connection may be a disynaptic pathway for echo suppression ( Wickesberg and Oertel, 1990 ; Wickesberg, 1996 ), with the timing of the inhibitory projection to the AVCN offset by the axon conduction velocity and a single synaptic delay.” | mechanisms[6] |
| mechanism | near-BF inhibition of type IV units follows from vertical cell axons ramifying inside a single isofrequency slab | mechanisms[7] |
| mechanism | glycinergic inhibition sharpens spike timing in bushy and T-stellate cells on different timescales Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | mechanisms[8] |
| mechanism | BF confirmed by an automated 4-octave sweep at 20 dB above threshold, sampled every 1/25 octave Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | mechanisms[9] |
| builds-on | Muniak et al., 2013 (normalised 3D template and quantitative frequency model of the mouse cochlear nucleus) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[0] |
| replicates | Lorente de Nó (1981) and subsequent morphological descriptions of vertical cells (Webster and Trune, 1982; Saint Marie et al., 1991; Zhang and Oertel, 1993; Rhode, 1999) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[1] |
| converts-to-direct-evidence | the standing inference from physiology and slice anatomy that vertical cells are tonotopically organised Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[2] |
| supports | Wickesberg and Oertel: on-BF inhibition of bushy and stellate cells in AVCN Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[3] |
| supports | Muniak et al. 2013: the AN-derived frequency model of the cochlear nucleus Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[4] |
| qualifies | reports restricting vertical cells to the lower half of the deep layer Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[5] |
| supports | Spirou et al.: cells sharing a frequency in the DCN are organised into slabs Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[6] |
| extends | Lorente de No's morphological account of vertical cells Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | claim_relations[7] |
| sense | tonotopic and cochleotopic are used here as TWO DIFFERENT organisations that are compared - the arrangement of cell BFs versus the arrangement of auditory nerve input by cochlear origin; their alignment is the paper's result, so the terms cannot be synonyms in this paper Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[0] |
| sense | BF, for a vertical cell, is not measured at that cell; it is inherited from the physiologically characterised AVCN injection site that labelled it Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[1] |
| sense | type II names a response category, used throughout as a proxy for a cell class on the strength of a presumed identification Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[2] |
| sense | vertical names the dendritic orientation, not the cell's position - the arbors follow the perpendicular axis through the layered DCN Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[3] |
| sense | isofrequency sheet or slab - a plane of cells sharing a frequency, the unit in which this circuit is organised Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[4] |
| control | the tonotopic finding corroborated by independently constructing a three-dimensional surface of the deep layer — held — rules out a pattern that exists only in the projection or sectioning used to find it - the 3D reconstruction is built from the same tissue by a different route Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[0] |
| note | vertical cells —same-as→ tuberculoventral cells — alternate names in one clause, unhedged Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[0] |
| edge | vertical cells —part-of→ DCN Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| audit | vertical cells —causes→ type II electrophysiological response — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but vertical cells are the 'PRESUMED source' of the type II response; causes is hedged. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[2] |
| note | vertical cells —causes→ type II electrophysiological response — presumed source of - an identification the field treats as settled but the paper hedges; causes rather than same-as because a cell is not a response Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[2] |
| weight | vertical cells —causes→ type II electrophysiological response — 0.8 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[2] |
| note | type II electrophysiological response —causes→ type IV response — partially shaping; the weight carries the partially Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| weight | type II electrophysiological response —causes→ type IV response — 0.75 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| edge | BF —operationalised-as→ automated tuning curve protocol Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| note | tonotopic organization —operationalised-as→ principal component analysis — one of four independent operationalisations of the same claim in this paper Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| weight | tonotopic organization —operationalised-as→ principal component analysis — 0.9 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| weight | tonotopic organization —operationalised-as→ multiple regression analysis — 0.9 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[6] |
| outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation) | control — held | controls[0] |
| for which use | limitation — every morphological characterisation: OUR RETROGRADE FILLS WERE INSUFFICIENT TO REVEAL THE FULL DENDRITIC ARBORIZATION OF EACH NEURON, SO MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATIONS HAD TO BE BASED PRIMARILY UPON THE SOMA AND PRIMARY PROCESSES Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| for which use | limitation — any comparison of cell counts across injections: QUANTIFYING THE SIZE OF AN INJECTION SITE IS NOTORIOUSLY DIFFICULT DUE TO THE AMBIGUITY IN DETERMINING THE EDGE OF THE EFFECTIVE UPTAKE REGION Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
| for which use | limitation — any functional claim about vertical cells: MORE DATA ARE NEEDED TO BETTER UNDERSTAND THE FUNCTION OF THESE NEURONS Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[2] |
| for which use | limitation — the same scope as limitations[1] - injection size is not reliably quantifiable Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
| for which use | limitation — the apparent injection size specifically: THE APPARENT SIZE OF A FLUORESCENT INJECTION SITE IS SUBJECT TO THE EFFECTS OF PHOTOBLEACHING AND EXPOSURE TIME WHEN COLLECTING IMAGES Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[4] |
| duplicate of | limitation — limitations[0] Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[5] |
| for which use | limitation — the same scope as limitations[0] - soma and primary processes only Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[5] |
| for which use | limitation — the low-frequency cells found after high-BF injections: THIS RESULT IS LIKELY DUE TO THE LABELING OF AXONS OF PASSAGE Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[6] |
| for which use | limitation — the low-BF labelling asymmetry, quantified and left open: LOW BF INJECTIONS TENDED TO LABEL MORE VERTICAL CELLS THAN HIGH BF INJECTIONS (R2 = 0.32, P < 0.003), THOUGH THE REASON FOR THIS TONOTOPIC FEATURE IS UNCLEAR Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[7] |
| duplicate of | limitation — limitations[2] Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[8] |
| for which use | limitation — the same scope as limitations[2] - the anatomy does not settle the function Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[8] |
| for which use | limitation — any sex-general reading of the results: TWENTY-ONE ADULT CBA/J MICE (2 MALE, 19 FEMALE), with no analysis by sex Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[9] |
| for which use | limitation — the image-based measurements: LEVEL ADJUSTMENTS AND COLOR ENHANCEMENTS WERE APPLIED TO BRING OUT WEAK SIGNALS, defended because OUR ANALYSIS FOCUSED ON THE LOCATION OF LABELED PIXELS rather than their intensity Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[10] |
| replication | untested | |
| limitation | Retrograde filling was incomplete, so cells could only be characterised from the soma and primary dendrites rather than the full dendritic arbor. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| limitation | Injection size, a possible confound for the cell counts, could not be measured reliably. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
| limitation | The functional role of vertical cells is not settled by these anatomical results and needs further data. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[2] |
| limitation | the size of an injection site cannot be quantified because the edge of the effective uptake region is ambiguous Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
| limitation | apparent injection size is further distorted by photobleaching and exposure time Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[4] |
| limitation | retrograde fills were incomplete, so morphology had to be judged from soma and primary processes alone Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[5] |
| limitation | some cells labelled at the wrong end of the frequency axis are attributed to axons of passage, an artifact of the tracer method Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[6] |
| limitation | the excess of low-BF cells is left explicitly unexplained rather than resolved Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[7] |
| limitation | the function of these neurons is still open; the anatomy does not settle it Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[8] |
| limitation | 21 mice, 19 of them female, with no analysis by sex Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[9] |
| limitation | image levels and colour were adjusted per case, defended on the ground that the analysis used position and not luminance Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[10] |
finding · quantity · variable · definition · key-term — grounded in the full text| finding | Vertical cells labelled from low-best-frequency AVCN injections lie in the anteroventral DCN and those labelled from high-best-frequency injections lie in the posterodorsal DCN, so vertical cells are tonotopically arranged. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[0] |
| finding | A single spatial axis captures three quarters of the positional variance, so the frequency arrangement of vertical cells is essentially one-dimensional. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[1] |
| finding | A linear equation predicting log best frequency from the three normalised spatial coordinates fitted the data closely. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[2] |
| finding | Best frequencies predicted for each vertical cell from auditory-nerve innervation suggest vertical cell tonotopy is closely matched to the peripheral input map. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[3] |
| finding | Only 11.8% of labelled vertical cells lay outside the reconstructed deep-layer boundary. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[4] |
| finding | Injections at low best frequencies labelled more vertical cells than high-frequency injections, an unexplained asymmetry in cell numbers across the frequency axis. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[5] |
| finding | The number of labelled vertical cells was not explained by injection size, because the extent of cochlear labelling correlated poorly with cell counts. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[6] |
| finding | Pairs of vertical cells further apart in space tended to differ more in best frequency, though the relationship was moderate. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[7] |
| finding | vertical cell position varies with frequency along an anteroventral to posterodorsal axis Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[8] |
| finding | the first principal component accounts for 75% of the variance, so the arrangement is essentially one-dimensional Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[9] |
| finding | BF is predicted from 3D position with R2 = 0.87 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[10] |
| finding | an independent AN-derived frequency model predicts each cell's BF with R2 = 0.88 and near-zero mean error Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[11] |
| finding | several quantitative approaches converge on the same conclusion Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[12] |
| finding | 88.2% of labelled cells fall inside the independently reconstructed deep-layer surface Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[13] |
| finding | cell counts fall as BF rises, and the paper cannot explain it Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[14] |
| finding | cases with more labelled cells show no wider spread of BF prediction error Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[15] |
| finding | cells further apart in space differ more in BF, but only moderately Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[16] |
| quantity | 75% — share of the variance in normalised vertical cell position captured by the first principal component Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[0] |
| quantity | R 2 = 0.87 — fit between best frequency and spatial position in the multiple regression model Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[1] |
| quantity | R 2 = 0.88 — agreement between measured best frequencies and those predicted by the independent auditory-nerve frequency model Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[2] |
| quantity | 11.8% — proportion of labelled vertical cells lying outside the reconstructed deep-layer boundary Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[3] |
| quantity | 1259 — total number of labelled vertical cells normalised into the 3D DCN model Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[4] |
| quantity | 48.4 ± 33.1 cells — mean number of vertical cells labelled per injection Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[5] |
| quantity | 6.2 to 56 kHz — range of best frequencies of the AVCN recording/injection sites Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[6] |
| quantity | 0.00 ± 0.30 oct. — mean error in octaves between regression-predicted and measured best frequency Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[7] |
| quantity | Twenty-one — number of adult CBA/J mice used Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[8] |
| quantity | 21 adult CBA/J mice, 2 male and 19 female — the sample Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[9] |
| quantity | 26 recording sites, BFs 6.2 to 56 kHz, thresholds 8.6 to 37.6 dB SPL — the physiologically characterised injection sites Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[10] |
| quantity | 11 to 128 labelled cells per injection, mean 48.4 plus or minus 33.1 — yield per case Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[11] |
| quantity | 1259 cells — the merged dataset Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[12] |
| quantity | 75% of variance on the first principal component — how one-dimensional the arrangement is Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[13] |
| quantity | R2 = 0.87, P < 0.0001 — BF against 3D position by multiple regression Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[14] |
| quantity | R2 = 0.88, errors -0.82 to 1.29 oct, mean 0.09 plus or minus 0.28 — accuracy of the independent frequency model's predictions Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[15] |
| quantity | 11.8%, 148 of 1259, of which 98% lie within 40 microns of the surface — cells outside the independently drawn deep-layer boundary Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[16] |
| quantity | R2 = 0.32, P < 0.003 — the unexplained relation between injection BF and cell count Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[17] |
| quantity | R = 0.34, P = 0.092 — cochlear labelling spread against cell counts, offered as evidence that injection size did not drive the counts Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[18] |
| quantity | R2 = 0.0002, P = 0.95 — SD of BF prediction error against cell count - the null that matters here Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[19] |
| quantity | 748,356 pairs — cross-injection cell pairs compared for BF against distance Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[20] |
| variable | frequency region (independent) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[0] |
| variable | body temperature (control) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[4] |
| variable | BF Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[5] |
| variable | Euclidian distance Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[8] |
| variable | medial-lateral coordinate Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[9] |
| variable | dorsal-ventral coordinate Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[10] |
| variable | anterior-posterior coordinate Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[11] |
| definition | type II electrophysiological response Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[1] |
| definition | spatial envelope Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[2] |
| definition | vertical cells Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[3] |
| definition | type II electrophysiological response Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[4] |
| key-terms | vertical cells, tuberculoventral cells, dorsal cochlear nucleus, AVCN, auditory nerve, tonotopic, cochleotopic, isofrequency, best frequency, type II, type IV, glycinergic, tuberculoventral tract, deep layer, principal component analysis, multiple regression, axons of passage, frequency lamina, spectral notches, echo suppression |
| concept | type II electrophysiological response — not defined in this paper's own words; narrowly tuned, low spontaneous rate, inhibitory sidebands, poor to broadband noise Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[4] |
| principal component analysis | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[0] |
| multiple regression | as written: multiple regression analysis (MRA) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[1] |
| coefficient of determination R 2 | as written: R 2 = 0.87 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[2] |
| correlation R | as written: R = 0.34 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[3] |
| p-value P | as written: P < 0.003 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[4] |
| standard deviation SD | as written: mean ± standard deviation (SD) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[5] |
| principal component analysis | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[6] |
| multiple regression analysis | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[7] |
| difference error in octaves | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[8] |
| SD of BF prediction errors | Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[9] |
| method | physiologically targeted retrograde tracer injections in AVCN, cells reconstructed and normalised into a shared 3D template of the cochlear nucleus, then assessed by PCA, multiple regression and comparison to an independent frequency model — a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value; recorded: electrophysiology Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.method |
| phenomenon | tonotopy in a brainstem interneuron population — a second reading DIFFERING from the recorded value; recorded: tonotopic organisation of dorsal cochlear nucleus vertical cells Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | alternatives.phenomenon |
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