phenomenon · claim-type · cross-domain-transfer · mechanism · claim-relation · replication-status · limitation — grounded in the full text| phenomenon | procedural priming of spontaneous inference formation— “Procedural priming refers to how the frequent or recent use of certain cognitive procedures on one task can lead to a greater propensity to use the same procedures on a subsequent task.” | |
| claim-type | method— “The main objective of the paper was to demonstrate the usefulness of procedural priming as a way of assessing an inference's spontaneity when the inference involves a relationship or rule.” | |
| method — evidence | — “Subjects were 84 undergraduates from a large North American university who participated in a study for course credit in a Marketing class.” | |
| transfer | from psychology (social and cognitive priming research): The procedural priming paradigm, developed and used in psychology, is imported into consumer/marketing research as a tool for inducing and detecting spontaneous product inferences.— “Although procedural priming has been used in psychology, it has not been applied in a marketing context, despite its potential as a managerial tool for inducing favorable product inferences.” | transfers[0] |
| mechanism | The facilitative prime makes the effort-belief production accessible, so the quality inference is drawn at the moment the ad cost information is encoded; at judgment the subject only retrieves the stored evaluation instead of computing one.— “Specifically, the facilitative prime is expected to lead to greater spontaneous inferencing at the time of encoding, which, in turn, allows for a simple retrieval of that inference at time of quality judgment.” | mechanisms[0] |
| mechanism | Retrieval consumes less cognitive capacity than computation, so a load imposed at judgment slows computed judgments much more than retrieved ones - which is what makes response time a diagnostic of spontaneity.— “Since retrieval operations are believed to be less cognitively demanding than computational operations, response times will be quicker if a spontaneous inference had been made (Kardes, 1988).” | mechanisms[1] |
| mechanism | The suppressive prime installs a rival attribution (effort signals personal gain), which competes with and blocks later use of the effort investment rule.— “The suppressive prime, in contrast, makes a competing inference rule – high investment of effort implies potential for personal gain – more accessible, thereby decreasing the likelihood that the effort investment rule will be used on a subsequent task” | mechanisms[2] |
| builds-on | Kirmani and Wright (1989)— “Kirmani and Wright (1989) found that subjects in a no prime condition were just as likely to infer high quality from high advertising expense, as subjects in a prime condition that affirmed the tenability of the ad cost–quality relationship.” | claim_relations[0] |
| extends | Broniarczyk and Alba (1994b)— “Moreover, this line of reasoning potentially explains the findings of Broniarczyk and Alba (1994b), who reported a low incidence of use of the ad cost–quality inference by subjects despite being presented with data that showed a high correlation between advertising expense and quality.” | claim_relations[1] |
| sense | cognitive procedure - defined by the paper as the `how` of a task rather than its content, which is the move that lets a prime about charitable giving reach a judgment about advertising— “A cognitive procedure may be thought of as a set of cognitive operations that characterize the performance of a particular task. In other words, it represents the `how' of task performance in cognitive terms.” | senses[0] |
| sense | spontaneous, of an inference - occurring without explicit prompting and often without conscious intention; a property of HOW the inference arose, not of what it says— “An inference is thought to be spontaneous when it occurs without explicit prompting and often without conscious intention (Newman & Uleman, 1989; Winter & Uleman, 1984).” | senses[1] |
| sense | the effort investment rule - the advertising claim with the advertising removed: a rule about persons and undertakings, which is what makes it primeable in a charity scenario and testable in an advertising one— “Abstracted from the context, the inference rule may be described as one that says, if a person is observed to have put in a substantial amount of effort into a particular undertaking, then it must be that he/she believes the undertaking to be a worthwhile one. We label this the effort investment rule.” | senses[2] |
| sense | indirect measurement of spontaneity - chosen because THE MEASUREMENT WOULD CREATE THE THING IT TESTS: asking directly whether the inference was made can produce an inference that would otherwise not have been made— “The reason for relying on an indirect measure is that a direct measure might prompt an inference that would otherwise not have been made.” | senses[3] |
| sense | prime, facilitative versus suppressive - a distinction drawn by the prime's relation to a target rule rather than by its subject matter. Both scenarios describe the same donation; only the reason offered for the effort differs— “The facilitative prime condition primed the effort investment rule, while the suppressive prime scenario made salient an alternative motive (personal gain) as the reason for the expended effort.” | senses[4] |
| control | a CONFOUND CHECK: perceived advertising cost was measured on three seven-point scales and compared across conditions — held — rules out that the procedural prime also changed how expensive the campaign LOOKED, so that any effect is a cost inference rather than a procedural one— “Confound check To ensure that perceptions of campaign cost were equivalent across conditions, perceived advertising cost was measured as the average of three seven-point scales (very low/high; too little/much; below/above average; Cronbach's alpha=0.78).” | controls[0] |
| control | a separate undergraduate pretest of the cost cue before the main study — held — rules out that the cost cue does not do what the design assumes it does— “A final pretest was conducted on a separate undergraduate sample to ensure that the cost cue to be used in the description of the target product would have the intended effects on quality perceptions.” | controls[1] |
| note | cognitive procedures —part-of→ procedural priming — The definitional relation, and the reason the effect crosses domains: what carries over is the procedure, so the second task need not share the first's content.— “Procedural priming arises when the frequent or recent use of certain cognitive procedures increases the propensity to use the same procedures on a subsequent task (Smith & Branscombe, 1987).” | concept_edges[0] |
| weight | cognitive procedures —part-of→ procedural priming — 0.95— “Procedural priming arises when the frequent or recent use of certain cognitive procedures increases the propensity to use the same procedures on a subsequent task (Smith & Branscombe, 1987).” | concept_edges[0] |
| note | retrieval —distinct-from→ computation — THE PAPER'S INFERENTIAL ENGINE, stated before it is used. Every hypothesis is this one asymmetry applied to a different condition, which is why the pair is a node pair here rather than background.— “Since retrieval operations are believed to require less cognitive capacity than computational operations, constraining cognitive capacity at judgment should slow responses to a greater degree when computation rather than retrieval is involved (Kardes, 1988).” | concept_edges[1] |
| weight | retrieval —distinct-from→ computation — 0.95— “Since retrieval operations are believed to require less cognitive capacity than computational operations, constraining cognitive capacity at judgment should slow responses to a greater degree when computation rather than retrieval is… | concept_edges[1] |
| note | procedural priming —causes→ spontaneous inferencing — The paper's headline claim, and the sentence after it names the mediator: the primed procedures are the effort investment rule, not anything about advertising. | concept_edges[2] |
| weight | procedural priming —causes→ spontaneous inferencing — 0.9 | concept_edges[2] |
| effect direction | suppressive prime —causes→ effort investment rule — reduces Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| note | suppressive prime —causes→ effort investment rule — Suppression here is not the absence of a prime but the presence of a COMPETING attribution - the same effort, explained by personal gain. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| weight | suppressive prime —causes→ effort investment rule — 0.9 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| effect direction | suppressive prime —causes→ quality perceptions — reduces Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| note | suppressive prime —causes→ quality perceptions — The confirmed half of Hypothesis 1: priming a competing attribution lowers the quality inference relative to both other conditions. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| weight | suppressive prime —causes→ quality perceptions — 0.95 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| note | facilitative prime —same-as→ no prime — THE NULL THE PAPER DID NOT WANT, and it is recorded here rather than left to the limitations layer: the facilitative prime did not raise quality ratings at all. Subjects draw the inference unprompted, so there was no headroom - which is why the paper's evidence for spontaneity has to come from response times instead. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| weight | facilitative prime —same-as→ no prime — 0.9 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| effect direction | procedural priming —causes→ demand effects — reduces Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[7] |
| note | procedural priming —causes→ demand effects — A METHODOLOGICAL ADVANTAGE AS AN EDGE. The prime is set in an interpersonal context and the test in a marketing one, so a subject is unlikely to connect them - which is the argument for procedural over explicit priming. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[7] |
| weight | procedural priming —causes→ demand effects — 0.8 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[7] |
| outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation) | control — held | controls[0] |
| outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation) | control — held | controls[1] |
| evidence status note | mechanism — QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted. Update, 15 September 2026: CLEARED evidence status='quote-not-in-current-staged-text' - the quote now locates in the current staged text, so the condition the marker recorded no longer holds. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | mechanisms[2] |
| replication | untested | |
| limitation | The demonstration covers only one context, so generalisation is cautioned against. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| limitation | Response latency showed no prime effect under high cognitive capacity, which the authors concede sits awkwardly with their hypotheses. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
finding · quantity · variable · definition · key-term — grounded in the full text| finding | Quality perceptions were more favourable after the facilitative prime and no prime than after the suppressive prime. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[0] |
| finding | Only in the facilitative prime condition was the speed of the quality judgment unaffected by a concurrent memory load, indicating the quality inference had already been made spontaneously at encoding. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[1] |
| finding | In the suppressive prime and no prime conditions, constraining cognitive capacity slowed quality judgments significantly, as expected if the judgment had to be computed on the spot. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[2] |
| finding | The advertising cost-quality inference is not normally spontaneous, but becomes spontaneous once the cognitive procedures that underlie it are primed. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[3] |
| evidence status note | finding — QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted. | content_tags.findings[3] |
| finding | Priming the effort investment rule led subjects to make product quality evaluations without being prompted. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[4] |
| evidence status note | finding — QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted. | content_tags.findings[4] |
| finding | When cognitive capacity was high, response times did not differ across prime conditions. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[5] |
| finding | The authors suggest the ad cost-quality inference may come not from a perceived real-world correlation but from a general principle that effort reflects belief. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.findings[6] |
| evidence status note | finding — QUOTE RECOVERED FROM THE PAPER'S OWN CHARACTERS. The recorded quote was LETTERS-ONLY IDENTICAL to this stretch of the staged text but not an exact substring of it - spaces, hyphens, ligature glyphs or mathematical operators differed, so it could never anchor. This is the file's own text between the same two letters: not produced by a rule about the damage, copied out of the file. Round-trip checked (the recovered span is letters-only equal to the original) and length-checked. The text as originally recorded is kept in evidence as extracted. | content_tags.findings[6] |
| quantity | 84 — number of undergraduate subjects in the main experiment Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[0] |
| quantity | 76 — number of subjects in the pretest that checked the primes produced the intended effort attributions Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[1] |
| quantity | 5.74 vs 4.04 — pretest ratings of Marian's true belief in the cause after the facilitative versus suppressive prime scenario Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[2] |
| quantity | Xfacilitative prime= 5.52, Xsuppressive prime= 4.54, Xno prime= 5.42 — mean seven-point quality ratings of the target product in the three prime conditions Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[3] |
| quantity | Xhigh=11.92, Xlow=11.80 — quality-judgment response times in seconds under high and low cognitive capacity in the facilitative prime condition, which did not differ Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[4] |
| quantity | $7.2 million vs $10 million — average advertising spend subjects expected for the bottled water category, against the $10 million campaign stated for the target product Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[5] |
| quantity | X=4.75 vs. X=4.25, t(46)=1.56, p<0.06 — pretest quality ratings with versus without the $10 million advertising cost cue Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[6] |
| quantity | seven — number of digits held in memory in the concurrent rehearsal task used to constrain cognitive capacity Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.quantities[7] |
| variable | Cognitive capacity at judgment (independent) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[1] |
| variable | product quality (dependent) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[2] |
| variable | response time for the quality judgment (dependent) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[3] |
| variable | perceived advertising cost (control) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[4] |
| variable | mood (control) Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.variables[5] |
| definition | procedural priming Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[0] |
| definition | cognitive procedure Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[1] |
| definition | effort investment rule Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[2] |
| definition | facilitative prime Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[3] |
| definition | spontaneous inference Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.definitions[4] |
| concept | procedural priming — not defined in this paper's own words; priming the HOW rather than the WHAT: what is made accessible is a way of operating on a task, and it transfers to new content because the operations, not the material, are what was practised Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[0] |
| concept | cognitive procedures — not defined in this paper's own words; the unit that procedural priming acts on - a set of operations characterising the performance of a task, which the paper glosses as the 'how' of task performance Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[1] |
| concept | effort investment rule — not defined in this paper's own words; THE PAPER'S OWN COINAGE, and it names it in the act of abstracting it: the advertising claim is restated with the advertising removed, so that a rule about companies becomes a rule about persons and can be primed in an unrelated context Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[2] |
| concept | spontaneous inference — not defined in this paper's own words; an inference made without prompting and often without awareness - and the paper ties it to a TIMING consequence, which is how it is detected at all: an inference already made is retrieved rather than computed, so the answer comes faster Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[3] |
| concept | facilitative prime — not defined in this paper's own words; a prime defined by its RELATION to a target inference rule rather than by its content: it makes accessible the procedures that underlie the rule Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[4] |
| concept | suppressive prime — not defined in this paper's own words; its mirror, and the paper's sharpest design choice - not the absence of a prime but a prime for a COMPETING attribution, so that the same effort is explained by personal gain Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[5] |
| concept | no prime — not defined in this paper's own words; the untouched control, and the one that turns out to matter most: quality inferences happen in it too, so the facilitative prime has no room to raise them Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[6] |
| concept | cognitive capacity — not defined in this paper's own words; the load manipulation, imposed AT JUDGMENT rather than at encoding, which is what makes it a test of whether the inference was already made rather than of whether it can be made Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[7] |
| concept | retrieval — not defined in this paper's own words; the cheap operation in the paper's central asymmetry: reading back a judgment already formed Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[8] |
| concept | computation — not defined in this paper's own words; the expensive operation: forming the judgment on the spot, which is what a constrained subject cannot do quickly Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[9] |
| concept | demand effects — not defined in this paper's own words; the artefact the procedural prime is designed to avoid - the subject working out what the experiment wants - and the reason the prime is set in an interpersonal rather than a marketing context Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[10] |
| concept | spontaneous inferencing — not defined in this paper's own words; the paper's own gerund for the process, used in the results and discussion where the noun is used in the framing. Kept as a separate node because the staged text writes both and an endpoint must be attested as a word Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[11] |
| concept | quality perceptions — not defined in this paper's own words; the first dependent measure - a rating of the target product - which turns out to be the one that cannot show spontaneity, because it is equally favourable with and without the prime Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[12] |
| concept | response times — not defined in this paper's own words; the second dependent measure and the one that carries the argument: how long the quality judgment took, read as evidence of whether it was retrieved or computed Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[13] |
| ANOVA F | as written: 3 × 2 ANOVA Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[0] |
| ANOVA F | as written: significant interaction effect Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[1] |
| t-test t | as written: t(74)=8.41, p<0.0001 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[2] |
| correlation r | as written: r=0.68 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[3] |
| Cronbach's alpha | as written: Cronbach's alpha=0.78 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[4] |
| planned comparison F | as written: Planned comparisons Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | content_tags.statistics[5] |
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