phenomenon · claim-type · cross-domain-transfer · mechanism · claim-relation · replication-status · limitation — grounded in the full text| phenomenon | slower adoption of new technology by older adults— “The theory of diffusion of innovations (Rogers, 2010 ) also holds that older adults are less likely to adopt new technologies unless they view clear benefits of using them.” | |
| claim-type | existence— “The themes that emerged were related to barriers (i.e., lack of instructions and guidance, lack of knowledge and confidence, health-related barriers, cost); disadvantages and concerns (i.e., too much and too complex technology, feelings of inadequacy, and comparison with younger generations, lack of social interaction and communication… | |
| method — evidence | — “We conducted three separate focus groups and used a generic qualitative design applying thematic analysis to analyse the data.” | |
| object of study — evidence | — “Eighteen older adults (65–76 years old; 83.3% female) who were novice tablet users participated in discussions about their perceptions of and barriers to interacting with tablets.” | |
| research question — evidence | — “The themes that emerged were related to barriers (i.e., lack of instructions and guidance, lack of knowledge and confidence, health-related barriers, cost); disadvantages and concerns (i.e., too much and too complex technology, feelings of inadequacy, and comparison with younger generations, lack of social interaction and communication… | |
| contribution — evidence | — “Our findings suggest that most of our participants were eager to adopt new technology and willing to learn using a tablet. However, they voiced apprehension about lack of, or lack of clarity in, instructions and support.” | |
| mechanism | BENEFIT OUTWEIGHS COST RATHER THAN COST DETERRING: technology acceptance in older adults tracks the perceived benefit more than the perceived price, which the paper reads through diffusion of innovations - adoption follows a clear benefit being visible— “This finding is consistent with previous studies suggesting the perception of potential benefits was more indicative of technology acceptance than perception of cost” | mechanisms[0] |
| mechanism | EAGERNESS AND LOW CONFIDENCE COEXIST: most participants wanted to adopt the technology and the majority simultaneously doubted their own ability to use it, so the obstacle reported is instruction rather than motivation— “Our findings suggest that most of our participants were eager to adopt new technology and willing to learn using a tablet. However, they voiced apprehension about lack of, or lack of clarity in, instructions and support.” | mechanisms[1] |
| mechanism | A CATEGORY CONFUSION UNDERNEATH THE BARRIERS: participants were unaware of the differences between device types, so 'technology' is being evaluated as one undifferentiated thing— “questions that they were unaware of the similarities and differences between different types of technology (e.g., laptop vs. tablet).” | mechanisms[2] |
| sense | barriers - IN THIS STUDY A PARTICIPANT-REPORTED CATEGORY, not a measured obstacle: what people said stopped them, grouped by thematic analysis - lack of instruction, lack of confidence, health, cost— “The themes that emerged were related to barriers (i.e., lack of instructions and guidance, lack of knowledge and confidence, health-related barriers, cost); disadvantages and concerns (i.e., too much and too complex technology, feelings of inadequacy, and comparison with younger generations, lack of social interaction and communication… | senses[0] |
| sense | cost - A BARRIER ONLY FOR THE EXPERIENCED. The paper notices that only participants with prior computer experience raised it, and offers the reading that inexperience means not knowing what the devices cost— “Interestingly, only participants with previous computer experience brought up the latter in our study. It is possible that cost is not one of the main barriers to using technology for people with less experience; their lack of exposure to technology in general may mean they are less aware of the costs of such devices, or simply that other… | senses[1] |
| sense | Tablet computers - portable computers with a touchscreen— “Mobile technological devices such as tablet computers (commonly referred to as tablets), a type of portable computer that has a touchscreen” | senses[2] |
| sense | Technology adoption - associated with cognition, computer self-efficacy and anxiety; higher anxiety predicts lower use— “Technology adoption was associated with higher cognitive ability, computer self-efficacy and computer anxiety, whereas higher fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence predicted the use of technology; higher computer anxiety predicted lower use of technology” | senses[3] |
| sense | portable computer - the class to which the paper assigns tablet computers— “Mobile technological devices such as tablet computers (commonly referred to as tablets), a type of portable computer that has a touchscreen” | senses[4] |
| sense | Tablets - portable touchscreen computers with less operating-system complexity— “Tablets offer less complexity compared with other operating systems as they comprise a touch-based interface” | senses[5] |
| sense | touch-based interface - the interface tablets comprise and that the paper associates with reduced complexity— “Tablets offer less complexity compared with other operating systems as they comprise a touch-based interface” | senses[6] |
| sense | computer self-efficacy - one variable associated with technology adoption among older adults— “Technology adoption was associated with higher cognitive ability, computer self-efficacy and computer anxiety, whereas higher fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence predicted the use of technology; higher computer anxiety predicted lower use of technology” | senses[7] |
| sense | computer anxiety - an adoption correlate whose higher values predicted lower technology use— “Technology adoption was associated with higher cognitive ability, computer self-efficacy and computer anxiety, whereas higher fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence predicted the use of technology; higher computer anxiety predicted lower use of technology” | senses[8] |
| sense | cognitive deficits - an age-associated factor reported to reduce ability to use technology— “Alvseike and Brønnick ( 2012 ) reported that cognitive deficits and low self-efficacy associated with older age significantly reduced participants' ability to use technology” | senses[9] |
| sense | low self-efficacy - an age-associated factor reported to reduce ability to use technology— “Alvseike and Brønnick ( 2012 ) reported that cognitive deficits and low self-efficacy associated with older age significantly reduced participants' ability to use technology” | senses[10] |
| sense | ability to use technology - the technology-use capacity reduced by cognitive deficits and low self-efficacy— “Alvseike and Brønnick ( 2012 ) reported that cognitive deficits and low self-efficacy associated with older age significantly reduced participants' ability to use technology” | senses[11] |
| sense | direct experience with computers - hands-on computer experience reported to produce more positive attitudes— “An earlier study indicated that older people (60–75 years) perceived less comfort, efficacy and control over computers relative to younger participants, however, direct experience with computers resulted in more positive attitudes” | senses[12] |
| sense | more positive attitudes - the attitude outcome reported after direct computer experience— “An earlier study indicated that older people (60–75 years) perceived less comfort, efficacy and control over computers relative to younger participants, however, direct experience with computers resulted in more positive… | senses[13] |
| sense | community-based computer and internet training program - a community intervention for older adults' computer and internet learning | senses[14] |
| sense | computer and internet skill - the capability that the evaluated training program can increase | senses[15] |
| sense | Selection Optimization Compensation (SOC) Theory - a life-management theory built from selection, optimization, and compensation Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[16] |
| sense | selection - goals in the SOC account Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[17] |
| sense | optimization - goal-related means used to achieve desired goals in the SOC account Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[18] |
| sense | compensation - reaction to loss in goal-related means that maintains success or desired goals Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[19] |
| sense | Adult Learning Theory - the account in which adults participate in planning/evaluating instruction and experience grounds learning Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[20] |
| sense | tablet refinement - device improvement informed by older adults' reported needs Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[21] |
| sense | acceptance and adoption of tablets - the older-adult outcome whose potential the paper says refinement can increase Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[22] |
| sense | young-old - the 65-75-year age band used to restrict the study sample Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | senses[23] |
| control | one third of participants reported being undecided or unlikely to use a tablet in future, offered as evidence that the sample was not only enthusiasts — partial — rules out selection bias toward people already interested in tablets Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | controls[0] |
| edge | thematic analysis —part-of→ qualitative design Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[1] |
| note | tablet computers —is-a→ portable computer — The paper gives an unhedged class definition: tablet computers are a type of portable computer. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[2] |
| note | touch-based interface —part-of→ Tablets — The paper unhedgedly says tablets comprise a touch-based interface. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[3] |
| audit | cognitive deficits —causes→ ability to use technology — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but attributed: the span reports Alvseike and Brønnick (2012). Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| effect direction | cognitive deficits —causes→ ability to use technology — reduces Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| note | cognitive deficits —causes→ ability to use technology — The cited study reports a significant reduction without an epistemic hedge. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| relation | cognitive deficits —causes→ ability to use technology — cognitive deficits and low self-efficacy associated with older age significantly reduced participants' ability to use technology Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[4] |
| audit | low self-efficacy —causes→ ability to use technology — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but attributed: the span reports Alvseike and Brønnick (2012). Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| effect direction | low self-efficacy —causes→ ability to use technology — reduces Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| note | low self-efficacy —causes→ ability to use technology — The cited study reports a significant reduction without an epistemic hedge. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| relation | low self-efficacy —causes→ ability to use technology — cognitive deficits and low self-efficacy associated with older age significantly reduced participants' ability to use technology Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[5] |
| audit | direct experience with computers —causes→ more positive attitudes — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but attributed: the span reports 'an earlier study'. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[6] |
| effect direction | direct experience with computers —causes→ more positive attitudes — increases Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[6] |
| note | direct experience with computers —causes→ more positive attitudes — The paper reports that direct experience resulted in more positive attitudes. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[6] |
| audit | community-based computer and internet training program —causes→ computer and internet skill — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but attributed: the span reports an evaluation that concluded the program CAN be effective. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[7] |
| effect direction | community-based computer and internet training program —causes→ computer and internet skill — increases Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[7] |
| note | community-based computer and internet training program —causes→ computer and internet skill — The cited evaluation concludes the program 'can be effective' in increasing skill; weight 0.7 preserves the modal language. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[7] |
| weight | community-based computer and internet training program —causes→ computer and internet skill — 0.7 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[7] |
| audit | tablet refinement —causes→ acceptance and adoption of tablets — Audit 2026-09-28: DOUBTFUL - read against its full span and kept, but the span says the findings MAY inform refinement, increasing the POTENTIAL for adoption; hedged. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[8] |
| effect direction | tablet refinement —causes→ acceptance and adoption of tablets — increases Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[8] |
| note | tablet refinement —causes→ acceptance and adoption of tablets — The paper says its findings 'may be used' for refinement, thereby increasing adoption potential; weight 0.7 preserves that projected use. Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[8] |
| weight | tablet refinement —causes→ acceptance and adoption of tablets — 0.7 Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concept_edges[8] |
| outcome (stated by the tagger, no quotation) | control — partial | controls[0] |
| limitation | The sample is small and the paper says larger studies are needed before the findings generalise Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[0] |
| limitation | RESPONSE BIAS IN A FOCUS GROUP IS NAMED BY THE AUTHORS: the enthusiasm reported should be read with caution because of the setting in which it was expressed Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[1] |
| limitation | SELECTION BIAS WAS NOT ACTIVELY PREVENTED - stated in those words - and is argued against afterwards from the data rather than designed out Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[2] |
| limitation | Participants were naive tablet users by design, so the findings do not speak for experienced users Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[3] |
| limitation | Recruitment was by snowball sampling in one city, which the paper reports and does not treat as a limitation Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | limitations[4] |
| concept | thematic analysis Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[0] |
| concept | qualitative design Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[1] |
| concept | focus groups Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[2] |
| concept | older adults Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[3] |
| concept | tablet computers Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[4] |
| concept | barriers Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[5] |
| concept | technology acceptance Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[6] |
| concept | diffusion of innovations Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[7] |
| concept | response bias Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[8] |
| concept | selection bias Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[9] |
| concept | snowball principle Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[10] |
| concept | portable computer — not defined in this paper's own words; the class to which the paper assigns tablet computers Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[11] |
| concept | Tablets — not defined in this paper's own words; portable touchscreen computers with less operating-system complexity Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[12] |
| concept | touch-based interface — not defined in this paper's own words; the interface tablets comprise and that the paper associates with reduced complexity Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[13] |
| concept | computer self-efficacy — not defined in this paper's own words; one variable associated with technology adoption among older adults Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[14] |
| concept | computer anxiety — not defined in this paper's own words; an adoption correlate whose higher values predicted lower technology use Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[15] |
| concept | cognitive deficits — not defined in this paper's own words; an age-associated factor reported to reduce ability to use technology Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[16] |
| concept | low self-efficacy — not defined in this paper's own words; an age-associated factor reported to reduce ability to use technology Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[17] |
| concept | ability to use technology — not defined in this paper's own words; the technology-use capacity reduced by cognitive deficits and low self-efficacy Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[18] |
| concept | direct experience with computers — not defined in this paper's own words; hands-on computer experience reported to produce more positive attitudes Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[19] |
| concept | more positive attitudes — not defined in this paper's own words; the attitude outcome reported after direct computer experience Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[20] |
| concept | community-based computer and internet training program — not defined in this paper's own words; a community intervention for older adults' computer and internet learning Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[21] |
| concept | computer and internet skill — not defined in this paper's own words; the capability that the evaluated training program can increase Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[22] |
| concept | Selection Optimization Compensation (SOC) Theory — not defined in this paper's own words; a life-management theory built from selection, optimization, and compensation Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[23] |
| concept | selection — not defined in this paper's own words; goals in the SOC account Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[24] |
| concept | optimization — not defined in this paper's own words; goal-related means used to achieve desired goals in the SOC account Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[25] |
| concept | compensation — not defined in this paper's own words; reaction to loss in goal-related means that maintains success or desired goals Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[26] |
| concept | Adult Learning Theory — not defined in this paper's own words; the account in which adults participate in planning/evaluating instruction and experience grounds learning Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[27] |
| concept | tablet refinement — not defined in this paper's own words; device improvement informed by older adults' reported needs Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[28] |
| concept | acceptance and adoption of tablets — not defined in this paper's own words; the older-adult outcome whose potential the paper says refinement can increase Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[29] |
| concept | young-old — not defined in this paper's own words; the 65-75-year age band used to restrict the study sample Quotation withheld — this paper is not ours to reproduce, and the page has already quoted as much of it as the rights layer allows. The tag, its field and its confidence stand; the sentence is at the publisher. | concepts[30] |
When we have changed our mind. Some entries in the table begin with a word in capitals and the reason for it. EVIDENCE CORRECTED — the finding still stands, but we had quoted the wrong sentence from the paper, and the quotation has been replaced with the right one. RETRACTED — the entry itself was wrong; it stays on the page, marked, with the reason, rather than being deleted. WITHDRAWN AND REPLACED — the entry was wrong, and a corrected version of it appears in the entries below. Each mark carries its own reason, in brackets, because the reasons differ from one entry to the next. An entry we have WITHDRAWN is removed from this page and kept in the record, with its reason. A line reading Audit and a date is a later re-reading of the entry against its whole sentence: DOUBTFUL means it was kept, and the reason says what is loose about it. Quotation marks inside the tagger's sentence. Where a tag is the tagger's own sentence, a phrase in quotation marks inside it is borrowed from the paper — the tagger's wording around it is not. The paper's own sentence is the evidence quote for that row; on this page it is withheld with the article, and the article is at its publisher. Nothing inside quotation marks anywhere on this page is ours: if it is quoted, it is the paper's. Whose words a concept carries. A concept entry records a term the paper itself uses, so the term, the sense given for it, and its evidence are the paper's own words, quoted where the paper fixes them. This is the opposite of a sense entry in the tag table, which is the tagger's sentence about how the paper uses a term. Where a concept entry could not be grounded in the paper's words, the entry says so on its own row.
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